5148# "膳长做的"象征感官层的一切功用，这从"工作"的象征意义可以看出，即一切功用，下文将述及；以及从"膳长"的象征意义可以看出，即服从于意志部分的感官层（参5078，5082节）。
"做"或”作工“是功用，这是因为它与意志性的事物有关，或者说与服从于意志部分的感官层有关。凡是通过它所做的、能够被称为"做"的，都是功用仁义的一切行为无非就是这样，因为仁义的行为是出于意志的行为，这些就是功用。
5148.“是膳长所做的工”表照着这种感官能力的各种功用。这从“所做的”和“膳长”的含义清楚可知：“工”是指照着各种功用，如下文所述；“膳长”是指受意愿部分支配的感官能力（参看5078，5082节）。“工”之所以表示功用，是因为它论及意愿部分，或受意愿部分支配的感官部位。凡通过这个感官部位所行，并被称为“工”的，必是有用的。仁爱的一切行为并不是别的，因为仁爱的行为是意愿所做的行为，这些行为是已实现的功用。
Potts(1905-1910) 5148
5148. The work of the baker. That this signifies according to every use of the sensuous, is evident from the signification of "work," as being according to every use (of which hereafter); and from the signification of a "baker," as being the sensuous subject to the will part (see n. 5078, 5082). The reason why "work" denotes use is that it is predicated of the will part, or of the sensuous subject to the will part; and whatever is done by means of this, and can be called "work," must be use. All the works of charity are nothing else, for works of charity are works from the will that are uses.
Elliott(1983-1999) 5148
5148. 'The work of the baker' means according to every useful purpose served by that power of the senses. This is clear from the meaning of 'the work' as according to every useful purpose, dealt with below; and from the meaning of 'the baker' as the sensory power subject to the will part, dealt with in 5078, 5082. The reason 'the work' means a useful purpose is that this expression is used in reference to the will part, that is, to the sensory part subject to the will part. Whatever is effected by means of this and may be called 'the work' must be a useful purpose. No work of charity is anything else, for the works of charity are works performed by the will, and these are the realization of useful purposes.
Latin(1748-1756) 5148
5148. `Opere pistoris': quod significet secundum omnem usum sensualis, constat a significatione `operis' quod sit secundum omnem usum, de qua sequitur; et ex significatione `pistoris' quod sit sensuali parti voluntariae subjectum, de qua n. 5078, 5082:quod `opus' sit usus, est quia praedicatur de voluntario, seu de sensuali parti voluntariae subjecto; quicquid per id fit et vocari potest `opus', erit usus; omni opera charitatis nec aliud sunt, nam opera charitatis sunt opera ex voluntate, (o)quae usus.