577# “马的头好像狮子头”表示对真理具有毁灭性的知识(或科学)和由此而来的思维。这从“马的头”和“狮子头”的含义清楚可知：“马的头”是指知识(或科学)和由此而来的思维(对此，我们很快就会谈到)；“狮子头”是指由此对真理具有毁灭性。“狮子头”在此表示对真理具有毁灭性，是因为“狮子”在至高意义上表示能力方面的神性真理，在反面意义上表示摧毁真理的虚假，因而表示对真理具有毁灭性；“狮子头”还表示它摧毁所用的心智的能力，也就是基于虚假的推理。“狮子”表示能力方面的神性真理，在反面意义上表示摧毁真理的虚假(可参看AE 278节)。“马的头”表示知识(或科学)和由此而来的思维，是因为“头”表示聪明，“马”表示理解力；由于此处论述的主题是感官人和他基于虚假的推理，而基于虚假推理的感官人没有聪明，只有知识(或科学)和由此而来的思维，所以这些在此由“马的头”来表示。那些处于虚假的人没有聪明，只有取代聪明的知识或科学(可参看《新耶路撒冷及其属天教义》，33节)。
“头”表示聪明，因为人的理解力和意愿都居于他头部的内层或内在部位；因此，视觉、听觉、嗅觉和味觉都在头的前面部分，也就是脸上，而理解力和意愿从内层流入这些感官，使它们具有生气，也使它们享有自己的感觉。这就是为何在圣言中，“头”表示聪明。但由于只有那些从天堂接受流注的人是聪明的，而一切聪明和智慧都由主那里从天堂流入，所以可知，那些处于邪恶之虚假的人没有聪明。事实上，对这些人来说，高层的属灵心智关闭了，只有被称为属世心智的低层心智是打开的；当高层心智关闭时，低层心智就无法获得任何真理和良善，因而只能从世界，不能天堂获得聪明。因此，这些人没有聪明，只有知识(或科学)和来自这知识(或科学)的思维；推理，以及通过它对反对真理和良善的虚假和邪恶的确认都由此发出。
在圣言中，“头”表示聪明和智慧，在反面意义上表示知识(或科学)和由此而来的愚昧或虚幻的思维，这一点可从以下圣言经文清楚看出来。以西结书：
我将环子戴在你鼻子上，将耳环戴在你耳朵上，将华冠戴在你头上。(以西结书16:12)
这些话论及耶路撒冷，耶路撒冷表示教会，在此表示它在开始时的品质。“在鼻子上的环子”表示对来自良善的真理的感知；“耳朵上的耳环”表示听从和服从，“头上的华冠”表示智慧；因为来自神性真理的聪明从爱之良善变成智慧，这智慧由“金冠冕”来表示。
启示录：
有一个妇人，身披日头，脚踏月亮，头戴十二星的冠冕。(启示录12:1)
戴十二星的冠冕的“头”表示聪明，这一点可见于后面的解释。犹太人把荆棘的冠冕戴在主的头上，并打祂的头(马太福音27:29, 30; 马可福音15:17, 19; 约翰福音19:2)表示他们如此傲慢无礼地对待神性真理本身和神性智慧，因为他们歪曲圣言，而圣言是神性真理，并包含神性智慧，却因他们的传统，以及把它用于他们自己而遭玷污；因此，他们渴望有一个君王把他们高举到全世界所有民族之上。由于主的国不是地上的，而是天上的，所以他们扭曲了圣言中关于祂所说的一切，并嘲笑对祂的预言。这一切就是“他们把荆棘的冠冕戴在主的头上，并打祂的头”所代表的。
在但以理书，经上在描述尼布甲尼撒梦见的雕像的地方说：
它的头是精金的，胸膛和膀臂是银的，肚腹和大腿是铜的，小腿是铁的，脚是半铁半泥的。(但以理书2:32, 33)
雕像代表教会的相继状态；“金头”代表并表示上古教会，该教会处于属天智慧，由此处于聪明，胜过随后的教会；“金头”表示它的智慧和聪明。该雕像的其它部分表示随后教会的状态(可参看AE 176, 411b节)。诗篇：
你使我们进入网罗，把压迫放在我们腰上。你使人骑在我们的头上。(诗篇66:11, 12)
“使人骑在我们的头上”表示没有聪明；对此，可参看前文(AE 355g节)，那里更充分地解释了这些话。
摩西五经：
这些祝福必降在约瑟的头上, 临到他弟兄当中拿细耳人的头顶上。(创世记49:26; 申命记33:13–16)
“祝福必降在约瑟的头上”表示刚才所提到的一切事物，也就是天堂的祝福，将在他心智的内层，也就是理解力和意愿的生命中被体验到，因为这些就是心智的内层。它们必“临到他弟兄当中拿细耳人的头顶上”表示它们也将在他属世心智的外层中被体验到；“拿细耳人的状态”(Nazariteship)表示属世心智的外层，因为它是指毛发或头发。前面进一步解释了这些话(可参看AE 448b节)，也可参看《属天的奥秘》(6437, 6438节)。申命记：
你们要选举有智慧、有见识的人，我就立他们为你们的头。(申命记1:13)
经上说“为你们的头”，是因为所指的是智慧和聪明，他们将在智慧和聪明上胜过其他所有人；因此，经上说：“你们要选举有智慧、有见识的人。”
以赛亚书：
耶和华将沉睡的灵浇灌你们，封闭你们的眼、先知；蒙盖你们的头，先见。(以赛亚书29:10)
“先知”表示那些教导真理，有聪明的人，在抽象意义上表示真理的教义，以及聪明；故经上说“耶和华封闭你们的眼、先知、你们的头，先见”，在这里，先知被称为“眼”，先见被称为“头”，因为“眼”表示在教义方面对真理的理解，“先见”和“头”一样，表示聪明。
同一先知书：
耶和华必从以色列中剪除头与尾，棕枝与灯草。长老和尊贵人就是头；教导谎言的先知就是尾。(以赛亚书9:14, 15)
又：
必没有为埃及可以造头或尾，棕枝或灯草的任何工作。(以赛亚书19:15)
“祂必从以色列中剪除头与尾”、“必没有为埃及可以造头或尾”表示他们所拥有的真理的一切聪明和知识都将灭亡，可参看前文(AE 559节)，那里更充分地解释了这些主题。同一先知书：
到那日，主必用大河渡口赁来的剃刀，就是亚述王，剃头和脚毛，并要剃净胡须。(以赛亚书7:20)
这些话表示基于虚假的推理将剥夺教会之人的一切智慧和属灵聪明；对此，可参看前文(AE 569c节)，那里详细解释了这段经文。经上说“大河渡口”，是因为“幼发拉底河”表示基于虚假的推理，故此处所表示的是由此对教会真理的攻击或侵袭，这些真理被基于虚假的推理摧毁了。
以西结书：
人子啊，你要拿一把利剑，当作理发匠的剃刀，用它剃过你的头发和胡须；你要将三分之一用火焚烧，将三分之一用剑砍碎，将三分之一任风吹散。(以西结书5:1, 2)
此处“用剃刀剃过头”也表示剥夺真理的一切聪明。原因在于，聪明会灭亡，除非聪明的终端存在，这聪明的终端由剃刀通过剃过头所剃的“头发”来表示。因为除去终端，就像除去柱子的底座或房子的地基。这就是为何在作为一个代表性教会的以色列教会，剃头发，以至于光头是不合法的，剃胡须也一样。因此，那些没有聪明的人在灵界看起来是秃头。
577b.从这一切可以看出以下经文中的“秃头”和“光秃”的含义。因此，在以赛亚书：
各人头上光秃，各胡须都剃净。(以赛亚书15:2)
换句话说，没有聪明。以西结书：
各人脸上羞愧，各人头上光秃。(以西结书7:18)
同一先知书：
各头都光秃了，各肩都磨破了。(以西结书29:18)
这些话具有相似的含义。因此，亚伦和他的儿子被禁止剃头和胡须的一角；对此，经上在摩西五经说：
亚伦和他的儿子不可剃头，也不可撕裂衣裳，免得他们死亡，又免得耶和华因此向全会众发怒。(利未记10:6)
利未记：
亚伦的儿子不可使头光秃，不可剃除胡须的一角。(利未记21:5)
“胡须”表示理性人的终端，“不可剃除胡须”表示不通过除去终端而剥夺理性之物；因为如前所述，当终端被除去时，内层也就灭亡了。前面(可参看AE 555c节)解释了“若恋慕从仇敌中被掳的一个女子，要娶她为妻，她必须剃头发，修指甲”(申命记21:11, 12)是什么意思。
由于双手抱头代表羞辱或惭愧，所以耶利米书上说：
你必因埃及蒙羞，像从前因亚述蒙羞一样。你也必双手抱头从她那里出来。(耶利米书2:36, 37)
同一先知书：
他们惭愧迷惑，遮住自己的头。(耶利米书14:3, 4)
由于这是羞辱的代表，所以：
他玛被她哥哥暗嫩强奸之后，以手抱头，一面走，一面哭喊。(撒母耳记下13:19)
“以手抱头”表示不再留有任何聪明了。把尘土撒在头上也代表为行事疯狂、愚蠢的罪而悲伤；垂头至地也表示这种诅咒。如以西结书：
他们必把尘土撒在你头上，在灰中打滚。(以西结书27:30)
耶利米哀歌：
锡安女子的长老都坐在地上，默默无声；他们把尘灰撒在头上，腰束麻布。耶路撒冷的处女都垂头至地。(耶利米哀歌2:10)
但“头”在反面意义上表示那些处于对统治的爱之人所拥有的狡猾；摩西五经和诗篇中的“头”就表示这种狡猾：
女人的种要踹蛇的头，蛇要伤脚跟。(创世记3:15)
诗篇：
在你右手边的主，当祂发怒的日子，必痛击列王；祂在列族中审判，使地满了尸首；祂在许多国中击打头；祂要喝路旁的溪水；因此祂必抬起头来。(诗篇110:5–7)
前面解释了这段经文(可参看AE 518d节)。诗篇：
神必挫伤祂仇敌的头，就是那继续犯罪之人的发顶。(诗篇68:21)
“把他们的路报应在他们自己头上”(以西结书9:10; 11:21; 16:43; 17:19; 22:31; 约珥书3:4, 7)表示他们用来对其他人图谋邪恶的狡猾。后面会看到启示录(12:3; 13:1, 3; 17:3, 7, 9)中“戴着七个冠冕的七头”表示什么。此外，“头”因是人的最高和主要部位，所以也具有其它许多含义；如山顶，任何事物的顶端，首要之物，一条路、一条街道、一个月和类似事物的开始。
577. And the heads of the horses as the heads of lions. That this signifies knowledge (scientia), and thought therefrom, destructive of truth, is evident from the signification of the heads of the horses, as denoting knowledge (scientia) and thought therefrom, as will be seen presently; and from the signification of the heads of lions, as denoting thence the destruction of truth. The heads of lions here signify the destruction of truth, because a lion, in the highest sense, signifies the Divine Truth as to power, and, in the opposite sense, falsity destroying truth, consequently, the destruction of truth; and the head of a lion signifies the powers of the mind by means of which it destroys, and which are reasonings from falsities. That a lion signifies the Divine Truth as to power, and, in the opposite sense, falsity destroying it, may be seen above (n. 278). The reason why the heads of the horses signify knowledge (scientia) and thought therefrom, is, that head signifies intelligence, and horse, the understanding. But as the subjects here treated of are the sensual man and his reasonings from falsities, and as the sensual man who reasons from falsities has no intelligence, but only knowledge (scientia) and thought therefrom, therefore these are here signified by the heads of the horses. That those who are in falsities have no intelligence, but instead of intelligence, only knowledge (scientia), may be seen in the Doctrine of the New Jerusalem 33). The head signifies intelligence, because the understanding and will of man reside in the interior parts of his head, and therefore the senses of sight, hearing, smell, and taste, into which the understanding and will flow from the interior, vivifying them, and also causing them to enjoy their sensations, are in the front part of the head which is the face.
[2] For this reason head, in the Word, signifies intelligence. But because those who receive influx from heaven are alone intelligent, for all intelligence and wisdom flow in out of heaven from the Lord, it follows, that those who are in falsities of evil have no intelligence. For with such the higher and spiritual mind is closed, and only the lower mind, called the natural mind, is open; and this mind, when the higher is closed, receives nothing of truth and good, consequently no intelligence from heaven, but only from the world, therefore such persons, instead of intelligence, have merely knowledge (scientia), and from this thought, from which proceeds reasoning, and by means of this confirmation of falsity and evil against truth and good.
[3] That the head, in the Word, signifies intelligence and wisdom, and, in the opposite sense, knowledge (scientia), and thence illusory thought, is evident from the following passages in the Word.
Thus in Ezekiel:
"I put a jewel on thy nose, and earrings in thine ears, and a crown of ornament upon thy head" (16:12).
These things are said concerning Jerusalem, which signifies the church, here its quality at the beginning. The jewel put on the nose signifies the perception of truth from good, earrings in the ears signify hearing and obedience, and a crown upon the head signifies wisdom, for intelligence which is from Divine Truth becomes wisdom from the good of love, signified by a crown of gold.
[4] So in the Apocalypse:
"A woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars" (12:1).
That the head upon which was a crown of twelve stars, signifies intelligence, will be seen in the explanation in the following pages. The Jews placing a crown of thorns upon the head of the Lord, and smiting His head (Matthew 27:29, 30; Mark 15:17, 19; John 19:2), signified that with such ignominy did they treat the Divine Truth itself, and the Divine Wisdom. For they falsified the Word, which is Divine Truth, and contains Divine Wisdom, and adulterated it by their traditions, and by applying it to themselves, thus wishing for a king who should place them above all [the nations] in the whole world. And because the kingdom of the Lord was not earthly but heavenly, therefore they perverted all those things in the Word which referred to Him, and ridiculed the prophecies relating to Him. This was represented by their placing a crown of thorns upon His head, and by their smiting Him on the head.
[5] It is also said in Daniel, where the subject is the statue of Nebuchadnezzar seen in a dream, that its head was of pure gold, its breast and arms of silver, and its thighs of brass, its legs of iron, its feet part of iron and part of clay (2:32, 33). That statue represented the successive states of the church. The head of gold represented and signified the Most Ancient Church, which was in celestial wisdom, and thence in intelligence above [all the churches] that followed; its wisdom and intelligence are meant by the head of gold. That the other parts of the statue signify the states of the churches which followed, may be seen above (n. Psalm 66:11 12).
Causing men to ride over our head signifies that there was no intelligence, as may be seen above (355:35), where those things are more fully explained.
[6] And in Moses:
These blessings "shall come on the head of Joseph, and on the crown of the Nazarite of his brethren" (Genesis 49:26; Deuteronomy 33:13-16).
By blessings coming on the head of Joseph, is signified, that all those things previously mentioned, and which are the blessings of heaven, should be experienced in the interiors of his mind, which are the lives of the understanding and will, for these are the interiors of the mind. By their coming on the crown of the Nazarite of his brethren, is signified, that they should also be experienced in the exteriors of his natural mind, for the Nazariteship signifies the exteriors of the natural mind, since it signifies hairs, or the hair of the head. But these words are more fully explained above (n. Deuteronomy 1:13).
It is said, "for heads," because wisdom and intelligence are meant, in which they excel the rest, hence it is said, "Give you wise men and intelligent."
[7] So in Isaiah:
"Jehovah hath poured out upon you the spirit of deep sleep, and hath closed your eyes, the prophets; and your heads, the seers, hath he covered" (29:10).
Prophets signify those who teach truths, and are intelligent, and in an abstract sense, the doctrine of truth, and intelligence; therefore it is said, "Jehovah hath closed your eyes, the prophets; and your heads, the seers," where the prophets are called eyes, and the seers, heads, because the eyes signify the understanding of truth as to doctrine, and by seers, as by the head are signified, intelligence.
[8] Again:
"[Jehovah] will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush. The old man and honourable, will make the head, but the prophet that teacheth lies, the tail" (569:17), where they are explained in detail. It is said, in the passages of the river, because the river Euphrates signifies reasonings from falsities; here therefore invasion thence into the truths of the church, which are destroyed by reasonings from falsities, is signified.
[9] And in Ezekiel:
"Thou son of man take thee a sharp sword, take thee a barber's razor, and cause it to pass upon thy head and upon thy beard. Thou shalt burn with fire a third part, and thou shalt smite a third part with the sword, and a third part thou shalt scatter to the wind" (5:1, 2).
Here also by causing a razor to pass over the head, is signified, to deprive of all intelligence of truth. The reason is, that intelligence perishes unless the ultimates of intelligence exist, signified by the hair of the head, which he was to shave with a razor, by causing it to pass over the head. For to take away the ultimates is like removing the base from a column, or the foundation from a house. Hence it is that in the Jewish church, which was a representative church, it was unlawful to shave the hair of the head, and cause baldness, and similarly with regard to the beard. Therefore also those who are without intelligence appear bald in the spiritual world.
[10] From these things the signification of a bald head, or baldness, in the following passages is evident.
Thus in Isaiah:
"On all their heads shall be baldness, and every beard cut off"
(555:16).
[11] Because shame was represented by the hands upon the head, it is therefore said in Jeremiah:
"Thou also shalt be ashamed of Egypt, as thou wast ashamed of Assyria. Yea, thou shalt go forth from her, and thy hands upon thy head" (2:36, 37).
Again, in the same prophet:
"They were ashamed and confounded, and covered their heads" (14:3).
Because [covering the head with the hands] was representative of shame, therefore Tamar, after she had been disgraced by her brother Ammon, "laid her hand on her head, and went her way crying" (2 Sam. 13:19); by putting her hand on her head was signified that there remained no longer any intelligence. Grief also for sin in having acted insanely and foolishly, was represented by sprinkling dust upon the head; and bowing down the head even to the earth also signified cursing; as in Ezekiel:
"They shall cast up dust upon thine head, they shall roll thee in ashes" (27:30).
And in Lamentations:
"The elders of the daughter of Zion sit upon the ground, and keep silence; they have cast up dust upon their heads; they have girded themselves with sackcloth; the virgins of Jerusalem have hung down their heads to the ground" (2:10).
[12] But by the head, in the opposite sense, is signified the craftiness pertaining to those who are in the love of ruling; this is meant by the head in Moses, by the seed of the woman bruising the serpent's head, and the serpent bruising his heel (Genesis 3:15).
And in David:
"The Lord at thy right hand hath smitten through kings in the day of his wrath. He hath judged among the nations, he hath filled the earth with their dead bodies; he hath smitten the head over much country. He shall drink of the stream in the way; therefore shall he lift up the head" (Psalm 110:5-7).
This passage is explained above (n. Psalm 68:21).
That the craftiness by which they intend and contrive evil for others returns upon themselves, is signified by, "recompensing their way upon their own head" (Ezekiel 9:10; 11:21; 16:43; 17:19; 22:31; Joel 3:4, 7). But the signification of the seven heads, in the Apocalypse, upon which were seven diadems (12:3; 13:1, 3; 17:3, 7, 9), will be seen in the following pages. Moreover, the head, being the highest and chief part in man, also signifies various other things, as the summit of a mountain, the top of any thing, what is primary, the beginning of a way, of a street, of a month, and similar things.
577. And the heads of the horses as the heads of lions, signifies knowledge (scientia) and thought therefrom destructive of truth. This is evident from the signification of "the heads of horses," as being knowledge [scientia] and thought therefrom (of which presently); and from the signification of "the heads of lions," as being the consequent destruction of truth. "The heads of lions" signify here the destruction of truth, because a "lion" in the highest sense signifies Divine truth in respect to power, and in the contrary sense falsity destroying truth, consequently the destruction of truth, and "the head of a lion" signifies the powers of the mind through which it destroys, which are reasonings from falsities. (That a "lion" signifies Divine truth in respect to power, and in the contrary sense falsity destroying truth, may be seen above, n. 278.) The "heads of horses" signify knowledge [scientia] and thought therefrom, because "head" signifies intelligence, and "the horse" the understanding; and as the sensual man and here his reasoning from falsities are treated of, and the sensual man who reasons from falsities has no intelligence, but only knowledge [scientia] and thought therefrom, therefore these are here signified by "the heads of the horses." (That those who are in falsities have no intelligence, but instead of intelligence only knowledge, may be seen in The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem 33.)
[2] The "head" signifies intelligence, because the understanding and the will of man have their seat in the interiors of his head; consequently in the front part of the head, which is the face, are the senses of sight, hearing, smell, and taste, into which the understanding and the will flow from the interior and vivify them, and also cause them to enjoy their sensations; this is why the "head" signifies in the Word intelligence. But as those only who receive influx from heaven are intelligent, for all intelligence and wisdom flow in out of heaven from the Lord, it follows that they who are in the falsities of evil have no intelligence; for in them the higher and spiritual mind is closed, and only the lower mind, which is called the natural mind, is opened; and when the higher mind is closed the lower receives nothing of truth and good, consequently no intelligence from heaven, but only from the world. Such, therefore, in place of intelligence have mere knowledge [scientia] and thought from it, and from this proceeds reasoning, and by means of it the confirmation of falsity and evil against truth and good.
[3] That the "head" signifies in the Word intelligence and wisdom, and in the contrary sense knowledge [scientia] and fatuous thought therefrom, can be seen from the following passages in the Word. In Ezekiel:
I put a jewel upon thy nose, and ear-rings in thine ears, and a crown of adorning upon thy head (Ezekiel 16:12).
This is said of Jerusalem, which signifies the church, here such as it was in the beginning; "a jewel upon the nose" signifies the perception of truth from good; "the ear-rings in the ears" signify hearkening and obedience, and "a crown upon the head" signifies wisdom; for intelligence, which is from Divine truth, becomes wisdom from the good of love, and this is signified by "a crown of gold."
[4] In Revelation:
A woman encompassed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars (Revelation 12:1).
The "head" upon which was a crown of twelve stars, signifies intelligence, as will be seen in the explanation hereafter.
That the Jews placed a crown of thorns upon the Lord's head, and that they smote His head (Matthew 27:29, 30; Mark 15:17, 19; John 19:2);
signifies that they treated with such contumely Divine truth itself and Divine wisdom; for they falsified the Word, which is Divine truth and in which is Divine wisdom, and adulterated it by their traditions and by applying it to themselves; thus they desired a king who would exalt them over all in the whole earth. And as the Lord's kingdom was not earthly but heavenly, they perverted everything that was said respecting Him in the Word, and mocked at what was foretold of Him. This is what was represented by "their placing a crown of thorns upon His head, and smiting His head."
[5] Where the statue of Nebuchadnezzar seen in a dream is described, it is said in Daniel:
Its head was of pure gold, its breast and arms of silver, its belly and thighs of brass, its legs of iron, its feet part of iron and part of clay (176, 411).
In David:
Thou hast brought us into the net; thou hast laid oppressions 1upon our loins. Thou hast caused man to ride over our head (355), where this is more fully explained).
[6] In Moses:
These blessings shall come upon the head of Joseph, and upon the crown of the head of the Nazirite of his brethren (Genesis 49:28; Deuteronomy 33:13-16).
That "blessings shall come upon the head of Joseph" signifies that all the things that had just been mentioned, that are blessings of heaven, should take place in the interiors of his mind, which are the lives of the understanding and will, for these are the interiors of the mind. That they shall come upon "the crown of the head of the Nazirite of his brethren" signifies that they should also take place in the exteriors of his natural mind, for the "Naziriteship" signifies the exteriors of the natural mind, since it means the hairs, or the hair of the head. (But these words may be seen further explained above, n. Deuteronomy 1:13).
It is said "as your heads" because wisdom and intelligence, in which they should excel all others, are meant; therefore it is said, "Take you wise men and intelligent."
[7] In Isaiah:
Jehovah hath poured out upon you the spirit of deep sleep, and hath closed your eyes, the prophets; and your heads, the seers, hath He covered (Isaiah 29:10).
"Prophets" signify those who teach truths and are intelligent, and in an abstract sense, the doctrine of truth and intelligence; therefore it is said, "Jehovah hath closed your eyes, the prophets, and your heads, the seers," where the prophets are called "eyes," and the seers "heads," because "eyes" signify the understanding of truth in respect to doctrine, and "seers" like as "heads" signify intelligence.
[8] In the same:
Jehovah will cut off from Israel 2head and tail, branch and rush. The old man and the honorable will make the head, and the prophet, the teacher of lies the tail (569, where this is explained in particular; it is said "in the crossings of the river," because "the river Euphrates" signifies the reasonings from falsities, therefore here attack by these upon the truths of the church which are destroyed by reasoning from falsities.
[9] In Ezekiel:
Son of man, take thee a sharp sword, a barber's razor, and cause it to pass over 3the head and over the beard; a third part thou shalt burn with fire, a third part thou shalt smite with the sword, and a third part thou shalt disperse in the wind (Ezekiel 5:1, 2).
Here also "to cause a razor to pass over the head" signifies to deprive of all intelligence of truth; for the reason that intelligence perishes when there are no ultimates of intelligence, which are signified by "the hairs of the head, which should be shaved with a razor by causing it to pass over the head;" for when ultimates are taken away it is as when the base is taken away from a column, or the foundation from a house. This is why it was unlawful in the Jewish Church, which was a representative church, to shave the hairs of the head and induce baldness, in like manner the beard; so also those who are without intelligence appear bald in the spiritual world.
[10] From all this the signification of "a bald head" and "baldness" in the following passages can be seen. In Isaiah:
On all their heads is baldness, every beard is cut off (555.
[11] Because shame was represented by the hands upon the head, it is said in Jeremiah:
Thou shalt be ashamed of Egypt also, as thou wast ashamed of Assyria. From her also thou shalt go forth with thy hands upon thy head (Jeremiah 2:36, 37).
And in the same:
They were ashamed and put to confusion and covered their heads (Jeremiah 14:3-4).
Because this was a representative of shame:
Tamar, after she had been ravished by her brother Amnon, put her hand on her head, and went weeping 4and crying (2 Samuel 13:19).
To "put the hand upon the head" signified that no intelligence remained. Also grief for sin in having acted insanely and foolishly was represented by sprinkling dust upon the head, and by bowing the head down even to the earth; and by this cursing also was signified. As in Ezekiel:
They shall cast up dust upon thy head, they shall roll thee in ashes (Ezekiel 27:30).
In Lamentations:
The elders of the daughter of Zion sit on the earth, they keep silence; they have cast up dust upon their head; they have girded themselves with sackcloth; the virgins of Jerusalem have made their head to hang down to the ground (Lamentations 2:10).
[12] But in the contrary sense the "head" signifies the craftiness that those have who are in the love of ruling. This is meant by the "head" in Moses:
The seed of the woman shall trample upon the head of the serpent, and the serpent shall hurt the heel (Genesis 3:15).
In David:
The Lord at thy right hand hath stricken through kings in the day of His anger; He hath judged among the nations; He hath filled with dead bodies; He hath stricken through the head over many a land; He shall drink out of the brook in the way; therefore shall He exalt the head (Psalms 110:5-7).
(This passage may be seen explained above, n. Psalms 68:21).
That the craftiness by which they purpose and contrive evil against others returns upon themselves is signified by:
Bringing their way upon their own head (Ezekiel 9:10; 11:21; 16:43; 17:19; 22:31; Joel 3:4, 7).
What is signified in Revelation by:
The seven heads upon which were seven diadems (Revelation 12:3; 13:1, 3; 17:3, 7, 9);
will be seen hereafter. Moreover, the "head," as what is highest and primary in man, has also many other meanings; as the peak of a mountain, the top of anything, what is primary, the beginning of a way, of a street, of a month, and the like.
Footnotes:
1. Latin has "oppressions," the Hebrew "oppression," as found in AE 355.
2. Latin has "Abraham," the passage quoted just before has "Israel," as in AE 559, 624.
3. Latin has "through," the passage, as cited before, has "over," with the Hebrew.
4. Latin has "weeping," the Hebrew "going."
577. "Et capita equorum sicut capita leonum." - Quod significet scientiam et inde cogitationem destructivam veri, constat ex significatione "capitum equorum", quod sit scientia et inde cogitatio (de qua sequitur); et ex significatione "capitum leonum", quod sint inde destructio veri.
Quod "capita leonum" destructionem veri hic significent, est quia "leo" in supremo sensu significat Divinum Verum quoad potentiam, ac in opposito sensu falsum destruens verum, proinde destructionem veri; et "caput leonis" significat vires animi per quas destruit, quae sunt ratiocinia ex falsis.
(Quod "leo" significet Divinum Verum quoad potentiam, et in opposito sensu falsum destruens illud, videatur supra, n. 278.) Quod "capita equorum" significent scientiam et inde cogitationem, est quia "caput" significat intelligentiam, et "equus" intellectum; at quia agitur de sensuali homine, et hic de ratiocinatione ejus ex falsis, et sensuali homini ratiocinanti ex falsis non est intelligentia, sed modo scientia et inde cogitatio, ideo hae per "capita equorum" significantur. (Quod illis qui in falsis sunt non sit intelligentia, sed pro intelligentia scientia, videatur in Doctrina Novae Hierosolymae, n. 33.)
[2] Quod "caput" significet intelligentiam, est causa quia intellectus et voluntas hominis in interioribus capitis ejus resident; et inde in capitis anteriore parte, quae est facies, sunt sensus visus, auditus, odoratus et gustus, in quos influit intellectus et voluntas ab interiori, ac vivificat illos, et quoque facit ut gaudeant suis sensationibus; inde est quod per "caput" in Verbo significetur intelligentia. Sed quia illi soli intelligentes sunt qui influxum e caelo recipiunt, nam e caelo a Domino influit omnis intelligentia et sapientia, sequitur quod illis qui in falsis mali sunt non sit intelligentia, est enim mens superior et spiritualis apud illos clausa, et modo mens inferior, quae vocatur mens naturalis, aperta; haec mens, quando superior clausa est, non recipit aliquid veri et boni, proinde non intelligentiam e caelo, sed solum e mundo; quare his pro intelligentia est modo scientia et ex hac cogitatio, ex qua procedit ratiocinatio, et per hanc confirmatio falsi et mali contra verum et bonum.
[3] Quod per "caput" in Verbo significetur intelligentia et sapientia, ac in opposito sensu scientia et inde fatua cogitatio, constare potest ex sequentibus locis in Verbo:
- Apud Ezechielem,
"Dedi monile super nasum tuum, et inaures super aures tuas, et coronam ornatus super caput tuum" (16:12):
haec dicta sunt de Hierosolyma, per quam significatur ecclesia, ibi qualis fuerat in principio; per "monile super nasum" significatur perceptio veri ex bono; per "inaures super aures" significatur auscultatio et obedientia; et per "coronam super caput" significatur sapientia; intelligentia enim, quae ex Divino Vero est, fit sapientia ex bono amoris, quod significatur per "coronam ex auro."
[4] In Apocalypsi,
"Mulier circumdata solem, et luna sub pedibus ejus, et super capite ejus corona stellarum duodecim" (12:1):
quod per "caput", super quo corona stellarum duodecim, significetur intelligentia, videbitur in explicatione in sequentibus. Quod
Judaei posuerint coronam ex spinis super caput Domini, et quod percusserint caput Ipsius (Matthaeus 27:29, 30; Marc. 15 [17,] 19; Johannes 19:2),
significabat quod tali contumelia affecerint Ipsum Divinum Verum et Divinam Sapientiam; Verbum enim, quod est Divinum Verum, et ubi Divina Sapientia, falsificaverunt et adulteraverunt per traditiones, et per applicationes ad se, sic volentes regem qui illos super omnes in universo terrarum orbe eveheret: et quia regnum Domini non fuit terrestre sed caeleste, ideo omnia Verbi, quae de Ipso dicta sunt, perverterunt, et quae de Ipso praedicta irriserunt: hoc erat quod repraesentabatur per quod "coronam ex spinis super caput Ipsius posuerint", et quod "caput Ipsius percusserint."
[5] Ubi agitur de statua Nebuchadnezari in somnio visa, dicitur apud Danielem,
Quod caput ejus esset ex auro puro; pectus et brachia ex argento; venter et femora ex aere; crura ex ferro; pedes partim ex ferro et partim ex argilla (2:32, 33):
per illam statuam repraesentati sunt status successivi ecclesiae; per "caput ex auro" repraesentata et significata est Ecclesia Antiquissima, quae in sapientia caelesti et inde in intelligentia prae sequentibus fuit; ea sapientia et intelligentia ejus intelligitur per "caput ex auro": quod reliqua istius statuae significent status ecclesiarum sequentium, videatur supra (n. 176, 411 [b] .) Apud Davidem,
"Induxisti nos in rete, posuisti 1
oppressiones super lumbos [nostros] , equitare fecisti hominem in capite nostro" (Ps. 116 [11,] 12):
per "equitare facere hominem in capite nostro" significatur quod non intelligentia (videatur supra, n. 355 [g] . ubi illa plenius explicata sunt).
[6] Apud Mosen,
Hae benedictiones "veniant capiti Josephi, et vertici Naziraei fratrum ejus" (Genesis 49:26; Deutr 2
33:13-16):
quod "benedictiones venient capiti Josephi" significat quod omnia illa quae prius dicta sunt, quae sunt benedictiones caeli, fient interioribus ejus mentis, quae sunt vitae intellectus et voluntatis ejus, nam haec sunt interiora mentis: quod venient "vertici Naziraei fratrum ejus" significat quod etiam fient exterioribus quae mentis naturalis ejus sunt; "naziraeatus" enim 3
significat exteriora quae sunt mentis naturalis, nam significat crines seu capillitium. (Sed haec amplius explicata videantur supra, n. 448 [b] ; et in Arcanis Caelestibus, n. 6437, 6438.) Apud eundem,
"Date vobis viros sapientes et intelligentes, .... ut ponam eos in capita vestra" (Deuteronomius 1:13):
dicitur "in capita", quia intelligitur sapientia et intelligentia, qua illi reliquis praepollent; quare dicitur "Date vobis viros sapientes et intelligentes."
[7] Apud Esaiam,
"Effudit Jehovah super vos spiritum somnolentiae, et occlusit oculos vestros prophetas, et capita vestra videntes obtexit" (Esai. 29:10 4
):
per "prophetas" significantur docentes vera ac intelligentes, et abstracte doctrina veri et intelligentia; quare dixit, "Occlusit oculos prophetas, et capita vestra videntes"; prophetae vocantur "oculi", et videntes "capita", quia per "oculos" significatur intellectus veri quoad doctrinam, et per "videntes" intelligentia similiter ac per "caput."
[8] apud eundem,
"Non erit Aegypto opus, quod faciet caput et caudam, ramum et juncum" (19:15):
quod "exscindetur ex 5
Israele caput et cauda", et quod "non erit Aegypto caput et cauda", significat quod peritura sit illis omnis intelligentia et scientia veri (videatur supra, n. 559. ubi illa loca amplius explicata sunt).
Apud eundem,
"In die illo detondebit Dominus per novaculam mercenariam in transitibus fluvii per regem Aschuris, caput et pilos pedum, etiamque barbam consumet" (7:20):
quod per haec significetur quod ratiocinia ex falsis deprivatura sint homines ecclesiae omni sapientia et intelligentia spirituali, videatur supra (n. 569 [c]), ubi singillatim explicata sunt; dicitur "in transitibus fluvii, quia per "fluvium Euphratem" significatur ratiocinatio ex falsis; hic itaque invasio inde in vera ecclesiae quae per ratiocinia ex falsis destruuntur.
[9] Apud Ezechielem,
"Fili hominis, sume tibi gladium acutum, novaculam tonsorum.... , quam traduces super caput et super barbam.... ; tertiam partem igne combures.... , tertiam percuties gladio, et tertiam disperges in ventum" (5:1, 2):
etiam hic per "traducere novaculam super caput" significatur deprivare omni intelligentia veri: causa est, quia nisi sint ultima intelligentiae, quae significantur per "capillos capitis", quos abradet cum novacula quae traducetur 6
super caput, perit intelligentia; nam quando auferuntur ultima, est sicut cum basis aufertur columnae, aut fundamentum domui: inde est quod in Ecclesia Judaica, quae fuit ecclesia repraesentativa, nefarium fuerit abradere capillos capitis et inducere calvitiem, similiter barbam; quare etiam qui absque intelligentia sunt, apparent in mundo spirituali calvi.
[10] Ex his constare potest quid in sequentibus locis significatur per "caput calvum" seu per "calvitiem": - Apud Esaiam,
"In omnibus capitibus ejus calvities, omnis barba rasa" (15:2);
nempe quod non intelligentia.
Apud Ezechielem,
"Super omnibus faciebus pudor, et in omnibus capitibus calvities" (7:18);
apud eundem,
"Omne caput decalvatum, et omnis humerus depilatus" (29:18):
similiter. Quare vetitum fuit Aharoni et filiis ejus radere capita sua, ac angulum barbae; de qua re apud Mosen,
Aharon et filii ejus non radent capita sua, nec dissuent vestes suas, ne moriantur, et Jehovah propterea irascatur toti concioni (Leviticus 10:6);
et apud eundem,
Filii Aharonis "non inducent calvitiem capiti suo, nec angulum barbae radent" (Leviticus 21:5):
per "barbam" significatur ultimum rationalis hominis, et per quod "non raderent barbam" significatur ne deprivarent se rationali, per quod ultimo ejus; nam ut supra dictum est, quando ultimum aufertur, etiam interius perit. Quid intelligitur per
Quod mulier captiva ex hostibus, si desideraretur in uxorem, tonderet caput suum, et faceret ungues suos (Deuteronomius 21:11, 12),
videatur supra (n. 555 [c]).
[11] Quia pudor repraesentabatur per manus super caput, ideo dicitur apud Jeremiam,
"Etiam ab Aegypto pudefies, sicut pudefacta es ab Assyria; etiam ex illa exibis, et manus tuae super caput tuum" (2 [36,] 37);
et apud eundem,
"Pudefacti sunt et ignominia affecti, et obtexerunt caput" (14:3, 4);
et quia id repraesentativum pudoris fuit,
Ideo Thamar, postquam compressa fuit ab Ammone fratre, "posuit manum super caput, et ivit 7
eundo et clamando" (2 Samuelis 13:19):
per "ponere manus super caput" significabatur quod non aliqua intelligentia esset. Etiam dolor ob peccata quod insane et stulte egerint, repraesentabatur per quod spargerent pulverem super caput, et quod in terram usque detruderent caput, per quod etiam significabatur maledictio:
- Ut apud Ezechielem,
"Ascendere 8
facient pulverem super caput tuum, in cinere volvent te" (27:30);
in Threnis,
"Sedent in terra, tacent seniores filiae Zionis, ascendere fecerunt pulverem super caput suum, cinxerunt se saccis, descendere fecerunt in terram caput suum, virgines Hierosolymae" (2:10).
[12] Per "caput" autem in opposito sensu significatur astutia quae illis qui in amore dominandi sunt. Haec intelligitur per "caput" apud Mosen,
Semen mulieris conculcabit caput serpentis, et serpens laedet calcaneum (Genesis 3:15);
apud Davidem,
"Dominus ad dextram tuam percussit in die irae suae reges, judicavit inter gentes, implevit cadaveribus suis; percussit caput super terram multam; e flumine in via bibet, propterea exaltabit caput" (Psalms 110:5-7);
(quae explicata videantur supra, n. 518 [d]): et apud eundem,
"Deus contundet caput hostium.... , verticem capilli, ambulantibus in reatibus" (Psalms 68:22 [B.A. 21]).
Quod astutiae, per quas malum intendunt et machinantur aliis, super ipsos redeant, significatur per
"Dare viam in caput eorum" (Ezechiel 9:10; 11:21; 16:43; 17:19; 22:31: [3] 4, 7).
Quid autem per
Capita septem, super quibus diademata septem (in Apocalypsi cap. 12:3; 13:1, 3; 17:3, 7, 9),
significatur, videbitur infra. Praeterea per "caput", quia supremum et primarium est in homine, etiam plura significantur; sicut cacumen montis, fastigium, primarium, principium viae, plateae, mensis, et similia.
Footnotes:
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