798a.“亵渎祂的名”表示通过歪曲神性真理或圣言的一切品质。这从“亵渎”和“名”的含义清楚可知：“亵渎”是指歪曲神性真理，因而歪曲圣言，圣言来自主，就是主(参看刚才AE797节)；“名”是指一个事物的品质和状态(参看AE148,676节)，在此是指神性真理或圣言的一切品质，因为经上说“祂的名”，也就是“神的名”。在圣言中，“主的名”表示表示一切爱之良善和来自这良善的一切真理，祂从这些受到敬拜(可参看AE102,135,696节)。由此清楚可知，“亵渎神的名”表示歪曲神性真理或圣言的一切品质，以及藉以敬拜主的一切良善和真理。前文已经说明，那些在教义和生活上都将信仰和善行分离的人歪曲神性真理的一切品质，或圣言的一切。这一点可从前面许多地方所说的推断出来，即：这些人将爱与仁拒之门外，以至于这些不能与信一起成为得救的手段，而作为从爱与仁变成良善，信则从爱与仁获得其本质；因此，他们不仅歪曲那些教导爱神、爱邻的经文，还歪曲那些提到“作为”、“行为”、“作工或工作”和“实行或遵行”的经文；当这些经文被歪曲时，圣言的一切也就被歪曲了；因为被称为圣言真理的圣言的剩下部分凭这些经文存活；当生活被拿走时，剩下的东西都是死的。此外，圣言的每个地方都有良善与真理的婚姻，如前面频繁所阐述和说明的。因此，当良善被拿走时，剩下的真理就被歪曲；被歪曲的真理是虚假。圣言的一切通过确认唯信或分离之信的推理被歪曲，我们将在本章末尾举几个例子来说明这一点，那里将解释数字“666”的含义。
798b# 由于在视唯信为其教义的主要一点的各个基督教会，既有博学的人和简单人，也有将信仰与生活良善分离的人和将信仰与这些良善结合的人，因而有大量歪曲圣言的人和很少歪曲圣言的人，还由于前文论述了那些如此歪曲圣言，以至于向自己完全关闭天堂的人，所以现在我们要论述那些没有如此歪曲圣言，以至于向自己关闭天堂的人。他们就是那些在自己里面确认，使人称义并得救的信产生生活的良善，就像树结出果实一样。对那些在生活上确认这个教义的人来说，天堂没有被关闭，但只有它的最低部分或终端是打开的，那里有一个入口。原因如下：
第一，尽管他们颠倒了神序，即仁产生信，而不是信产生仁；但对那些在教义和生活上确认这种结合的人来说，这种颠倒的秩序以后可以反过来；当它被反过来时，他们就进入天堂的最低部分或终端。他们不会从内层进入，因为他们的信(他们以为自己因这信而称义并得救了)更多地源于虚假，而不是真理；那些因教义和宗教而处于虚假，却又处于生活良善的人就在天堂的最低部分或终端。他们的虚假是来自圣言字义的真理的表象，这些表象都以生活为目的。对凡正在被改造的人来说，情况几乎是一样的。他首先从圣言为自己形成教义，并在其中将当信的事和当做的事区分开来。他将当信的事称为信，将当做的事称为仁。但由于对每个人来说，秩序生来就是颠倒的，所以他将信视为第一位，将仁视为第二位。然而，如果他过着信仰的生活，也就是仁爱的生活，那么这个秩序就会逐渐转过来，并得以恢复；然后，他出于仁活出信。在这种情况下，他的信在何等程度上来自纯正真理，他就在何等程度上进入天堂；因为如前所述，从主发出的神性真理构成天堂，并且就是天堂。由此可见，如今，信是如何变成教会的第一和首要事物的，即因为他们遵循生来就颠倒的秩序，还因为他们满足于世上的生活，被自我聪明的骄傲引领；这就是为何他们停在改造的第一个阶段。
他们向自己关闭天堂的第二个原因是，善行是行为中的爱和仁，天堂正是从这些而为天堂；因为所有天使和所有灵人都是情感和由此而来的思维；或也可说，都是爱和由此而来的聪明。有两种爱是所有爱的普遍和基础的爱，即对主之爱和被称为仁爱的对邻之爱。所有从圣言行善的人都处于这些爱；因为一切良善都来自爱或属于爱。由于那些在教义和生活上确认信产生善行，就像树结出果实一样的人从信关注良善，所以他们与天堂结合，但不是与属灵天堂结合，而是与属世天堂结合，属世天堂处于终端或终端事物，可称为(进入天堂的)入口。这些人不允许更内层地进入，因为信在变成形式上的仁之前，是属世的；属世的只能产生属世之物。当信变成来自仁的信时，情况就不同了；这时信变成属灵的，因为信所源于的仁是属灵的。对后者来说，属灵心智被打开了；而对前者来说，只有属世心智被打开；但这种打开照着信的品质和由此而来的生活的品质而更深、更内层。当在天堂之光中观看时，这些人的心智看上去像雪一样，如理性之光的样子；理性是属灵心智和属世心智之间的媒介。
第三，若从更内层检查那些相信信产生善行，也做善行之人的心智和生命的状态，就会发现他们内层是属世的，因为他们的信只是关于圣言诫命的知识；当被称为理性的内在属世视觉进入这信时，就有一种承认产生，即承认这些诫命都是神性；当爱在这个承认上运作时，它就变成服从。但在这个承认上运作的爱只能是因他们所行的良善而对赏赐或回报的爱；对他们来说，这种赏赐或回报就是永生。由于对赏赐或回报的爱不是来自神，而是来自人(因人在这种赏赐或回报中关注的是自己的利益，而不是邻舍的利益)，所以可推知，这爱是属世的；因此，那些相信信产生善行，并照着自己的信做善行之人的心智和生命的状态是属世的。不过，如果他们不是出于服从去做善行，那么引领他们的爱就是对源于博学的荣耀的爱，或对来自可以提升他们的荣誉，或可以获得财富的名声的爱。然而，这些人只是说他们承认并相信，其实心里并不承认或相信；因此，他们处于最低的属世层，天堂向他们完全关闭。
为叫人们知道，出于服从或服从的灵行善来自属世人，我们简要解释一下什么叫出于仁爱行善。没有人能出于仁爱行善，除非他的属灵心智被打开，属灵心智只有通过人放弃行恶，避开它们，最终厌恶它们，因为它们违反圣言的神性诫命，因而违反主才能被打开。当人如此避开并厌恶邪恶时，他所思想、意愿和实行的一切才是良善，因为它们来自主；事实上，主不断同在，站在门外叩门，催促并想进入，但邪恶却反对。因此，人必须通过移除邪恶而打开门，因为只有当邪恶被移除时，主才能进入并在那里坐席(启示录3:20)。之所以说人打开并移除，是因为人从自我行恶。由于主不断同在，站在门外叩门，并催促，如前所述，所以人有能力貌似凭自己停止邪恶；这种能力也被赐予每个人。正因如此，由于人能凭自己向自己关闭天堂，所以他也能貌似凭自己打开天堂，只要他思想并意愿停止邪恶，仰望主，当他如此停止时，就会承认这是靠着主。因此，当邪恶被移除时，凡人所做的，都是良善，因为它们来自主；凡人从主所做的，都不是属世-道德的，而是属灵-道德的。这时，由于仁爱在于为了良善出于爱，因而出于良善，进而出于主行善，所以可推知，出于仁爱行善是属灵的，而出于服从行善是属世的，因为这是出于对赏赐或回报的爱。这就是那些在天堂入口处的人所处的属世之物，那些只出于服从或服从的灵行善的人也到那里去；他们就是那些在教义和生活上确认，信产生善行，就像树结出果实一样的人。
第四，此外，要知道，那些相信信产生善行，就像树结出果实一样的人还相信，在邪恶被移除之前，天堂就分配给了他们；然而，只要邪恶在人里面，那么凡他所行的良善都不是良善；因为从一棵坏树只能结出坏果子。因此，对人来说，唯一通往天堂的道路就是从圣言放弃邪恶，因为它们是罪；除非这些邪恶首先被移除，否则主不能进入并赐予天堂。
那些在教义和生活上确认信产生善行，就像树结出果实一样的人没有向自己关闭天堂的第五个原因是，他们不像那些相信没有善行的信使人称义并得救的人那样歪曲圣言。那些相信没有善行的信使人称义的人歪曲了圣言提到并吩咐爱、仁、良善、作为、行为、作工或工作和实行的所有部分；他们如此行，直到摧毁天堂里的神性真理。他们把这些词理解为要么是指信，要么是指世上的道德和文明的良善，要么认为提到它们只是为了普通人，因为他们的信仰简单。他们就这样通过源于人不能履行律法，因为人的良善不是良善，并且功德天生就存在于它里面的论据而摧毁了神性真理。但那些简单地将善行与信仰联结起来的人没有歪曲圣言的所有这些部分，因而没有将信仰与对神的爱分离；他们以这种方式没有在人当做的一切，以及当信的一切中移除神性运作；因为他们认为并说，要貌似凭人做善行；不貌似凭自己行事和相信的人什么都不信，也什么都不做，不可能有宗教信仰。但由于他们没有纯正的真理，尽管他们没有向自己关闭天堂，所以他们只能走到天堂的门槛处。然而，对他们当中那些为了真理而热爱真理的人来说，当神序在他们里面恢复时，天堂就打开；当仁及其良善占据第一位，信及其真理占据第二位时，这种恢复就会发生；因为那时，他们就像那些脸朝前笔直向前走的人，而在此之前，他们就像那些脸朝后走的人。
第六，也有许多人认为仁是得救的基本方法，就像其他人认为信是得救的基本方法一样，但他们却没有过仁爱的生活。由于他们的仁爱只是口头上承认这是真理，因此这只是他们的信，所以可推知，他们的仁爱同样不是活的，而是死的。因此，他们与那些承认唯信的人几乎没有什么不同，因为他们在心里是一样的，只是在灵魂上不一样，或说有一样的心，却有不一样的灵魂。尽管如此，这两类人都向自己关闭天堂。
798. To blaspheme his name. That this signifies, by falsifying all the quality thereof, is evident from the signification of blaspheming, as denoting to falsify the Divine truth, thus the Word, which is from the Lord and which is the Lord (concerning which see above, n. 796); and from the signification of name, as denoting the quality and state of a thing (concerning which see above, n. 148, 676); in this case, all the quality of Divine truth or the Word, because it is said His name, or the name of God. That by the name of the Lord, in the Word, is meant all the good of love, and all the truth from that good, from which He is worshipped, may be seen above (n. 102, 135, 696). From these considerations it is evident, that by blaspheming the name of God is signified to falsify all the quality of Divine truth or the Word, also all the good and truth by which the Lord is worshipped.
That those who separate faith from good works, both in doctrine and life, falsify all the quality of Divine truth, or all things of the Word, was shown in the preceding article. This may be concluded from what has been said in many places above, that is, that they exclude love and charity, from which works become good, and from which faith derives its essence, so as not to be, together with faith, a means of salvation. Consequently they not only falsify those parts of the Word where love to God and love towards the neighbour are taught, but also all those where works, deeds, working, and doing, are mentioned. And when those parts are falsified, everything in the Word is also falsified; for the other parts of the Word which are called its truths live by virtue of the former; and when life is taken away what remains is dead. And besides, everywhere in the Word there is a marriage of good and truth, as has been frequently said and shown above. Therefore when good is taken away, the truth which remains is falsified; and truth falsified is falsity. That by reasonings confirming faith alone or faith separated, everything in the Word as falsified will be illustrated by several examples at the end of this chapter where the signification of the number 666 will be explained.
[2] Because in the various Christian churches, in which faith alone is received as the chief point of their doctrinals, there are the learned and the simple; and also those who separate faith from the goods of life, also those who conjoin faith therewith, thus those who falsify the Word much, and those who falsify it little; and because, in the preceding article those are treated of who so falsify the Word as to entirely close heaven against themselves, we shall now speak of those who do not so falsify the Word as to close heaven against themselves. These are they who confirm in themselves, that the faith which justifies and saves produces goods of life as a tree does fruits. With those who confirm that doctrine in the life, heaven is not closed, but its ultimate is open, where entrance is given. The following are the reasons.
[3] 1. They invert the Divine Order that charity produces faith, and not that faith charity. But still with those who confirm that conjunction in doctrine and life that inverted order can afterwards be reduced to order; and, being so reduced, they enter heaven in its ultimates. The reason why they do not enter interiorly is, that their faith, by which they believed themselves to be justified and saved, is derived more from falsities than truths. And those are in the ultimates of heaven who are in falsities from their doctrine and religion but still in good of life. Their falsities are appearances of truth from the sense of the letter of the Word, all of which have life for their end. The case is almost the same with every one who is to be reformed. He first forms for himself doctrine from the Word and therein separates the things which are to be believed and done. Those that are to be believed he calls faith, and those that are to be done he calls charity. But because order with every one is inverted from birth, he regards faith as in the first place and charity in the second. If, however, he lives the life of faith, which is charity, the order is gradually restored; and then from charity he lives faith. In that case so far as his faith is from genuine truths so far he enters heaven. For, as said above, Divine truth proceeding from the Lord makes heaven and is heaven. From these things it is evident why it is that faith, at this day, has become the chief and primary thing of the church - because they have followed the order that is inverted from birth; and because they are pleased with the life of the world; and because they have been led by pride in their own intelligence. This is why they remained in the first degree of reformation.
[4] 2. The second reason why they do not close heaven against themselves is, that good works are love and charity in act, and from these heaven is heaven. For all angels and all spirits are affections and thoughts therefrom, or, what amounts to the same, are loves and intelligences therefrom. There are also two loves that are the universal and fundamental of all loves - love to the Lord, and love towards the neighbour, which is called charity. All those are in these loves who do goods from the Word; for every good is from love. Now because those who confirm themselves in the doctrine and life that faith produces good works as a tree does fruit, look from faith to good; hence they have conjunction with heaven, not however with the spiritual, but with the natural heaven, which is in ultimates, and may be called the entrance [into heaven]. The reason why they cannot be admitted more interiorly is, that faith, before it becomes charity in form, is natural; and the natural can produce only the natural. It is different when faith becomes faith from charity. Then faith becomes spiritual, because charity, from which it is derived, is spiritual. With the latter the spiritual mind is opened, but with the former only the natural mind is opened, but this more deeply and interiorly according to the quality of the faith and of the life therefrom. The mind of such persons when seen in the light of heaven appears snowy, such as rational light is; and the Rational is the medium between the spiritual mind and the natural.
[5] 3. If the state of the mind and life of those who believe that faith produces good works and who also do them were interiorly examined, it would be seen that they are interiorly natural; for their faith is only a knowledge of the precepts of the Word, into which when the interior natural sight, which is called rational, enters, there is an acknowledgment that those precepts are Divine; and when love operates upon such acknowledgment, it becomes obedience. But the love which operates upon that acknowledgment can be no other than the love of reward for the sake of the goods which they do; and reward is to them eternal life. And because the love of reward comes not from God but from man - for in reward man regards his own good, and not that of his neighbour - it follows, that that love is natural, consequently that the state of the mind and life of those who believe that faith produces good works, and who do them according to their faith, is natural. But if they do not perform them from a spirit of obedience, it is the love of glory springing from erudition, or the love of the fame that may raise them to honours, or that they may become rich, that leads them. Such persons, however, say that they acknowledge and believe, while in heart they do not; therefore they are in the lowest natural and to them heaven is closed altogether.
[6] In order that it may be known that to do good from a spirit of obedience is from the natural man, it shall be briefly explained what is meant by doing good from charity. No one can do good from charity but he whose spiritual mind is opened; and the spiritual mind is opened solely by a man abstaining from doing evils, and shunning them, and at length holding them in aversion, because they are contrary to the Divine precepts in the Word, thus contrary to the Lord. When man so shuns and holds evils in aversion, then everything that he thinks, wills, and does is good, because from the Lord. For the Lord is continually present, knocks at the door, is urgent, and wishes to enter, but evils oppose. Man, therefore, must open the door by removing evils; for these being removed, the Lord enters, and there sups (Apoc. 3:20). It is said that a man opens and removes; for a man does evil from himself. And because the Lord is continually present, knocks at the door, and is urgent, as said, therefore a man has the faculty of desisting from evils as of himself. This faculty is given to every one. Hence then it is that as a man can of himself close heaven against himself, so he can as of himself open heaven, provided only he thinks and wills to cease from evils, looks unto the Lord, and when he does so cease, acknowledges that it is from the Lord. Evils therefore being removed, whatever a man then does is good, because it is from the Lord; and whatever a man does from the Lord, is not natural-moral but spiritual-moral. Now, because charity consists in doing good from love for the sake of good, thus from good, consequently from the Lord, it follows that to do good from charity is spiritual; but to do good from a spirit of obedience, because it is from the love of reward, is natural. This is the natural in which those are who are in the entrance to heaven; whither those also come who do good only from a spirit of obedience; and these are such as confirm themselves in the doctrine and life that faith produces good works as a tree does fruit.
[7] 4. Moreover, it should be known that those who believe that faith produces good works as a tree does fruit, also believe that heaven is allotted them before evils are removed, and yet so long as evils are in man, the goods that he does are not good; for from an evil tree only evil fruits are produced. The one only way to heaven therefore is for a man to abstain from evils, from the Word, because they are sins; unless these are first removed the Lord cannot enter and impart heaven.
[8] 5. The fifth reason why those who confirm themselves in the doctrine and life that faith produces good works as a tree does fruit, do not shut heaven against themselves is, that they do not falsify the Word like those who believe in justification and salvation by faith without good works. For those who believe that faith justifies without good works, falsify all those parts of the Word where love, charity, goods, works, deeds, working, and doing are mentioned and commanded, and this to the destruction of the Divine truth in the heavens. They understand by those expressions either faith, or the moral and civil good of the world, or that they are mentioned only for the common people, because of the simplicity of their faith. They thus destroy Divine truth itself by arguments drawn from man's inability to fulfil the law, because a man's good is not good, and because merit is inherent in it. But those, who, in simplicity, adjoin good works to faith do not falsify all those parts of the Word, and consequently they do not separate faith from love to God; and in this way they admit the Divine operation in every thing that man has to do, as well as in every thing that he has to believe. For they think and say that good works are to be done as from man; for he who does not act and believe as of himself, believes nothing and does nothing, and can have no religion. But still, because they are not in genuine truths, though they do not indeed close heaven against themselves, they cannot come nearer than the threshold of heaven. Still to such of them as have loved truths for the sake of truths, heaven is opened when Divine Order in them is restored, which takes place when charity and its good is in the first place and faith and its truths in the second; for they are then like those who go on in a straight way with the faces looking before, while previously they were like those who go with the faces turned backwards.
[9] 6. There are also many who make charity the essential means of salvation, as others do faith, and yet do not live the life of charity. But since their charity is only a lip-confession, and thus it is merely their faith, it follows that their charity, similarly, is not alive but dead. Therefore they differ but little from those who confess faith alone; for they are like in heart but unlike in soul. Nevertheless, they both close heaven against themselves.
798. To blaspheme His name, signifies by falsifying all the quality of Divine truth or the Word. This is evident from the signification of "blaspheming," as being to falsify the Divine truth, thus the Word, which is from the Lord and which is the Lord (See just above, n. 797; also from the signification of "name," as being the quality of a thing or state (See above, n. 148, 676), here all the quality of Divine truth or the Word; because it is said "His name," that is, "the name of God." "The name of the Lord" means in the Word every good of love and every truth from that good from which He is worshipped (See above, n. 102, 135, 696). From this it is clear that "to blaspheme the name of God" signifies to falsify all the quality of the Divine truth or the Word, also every good and truth by which the Lord is worshipped. That those who separate faith from good works both in doctrine and life falsify all the quality of the Divine truth, or all things of the Word, has been explained in the preceding article. This can be concluded from what has been frequently said above, namely, that such shut out love and charity, from which works become good and from which faith derives its essence, that these may not, together with faith, be means of salvation; thus they not only falsify those passages of the Word that teach about love to God and love toward the neighbor, but also those passages where "works," "deeds," "working," and "doing," are mentioned; and when these are falsified all things of the Word are also falsified; for the remaining things of the Word, which are called its truths, live from these; and when life is withdrawn the other things are dead. Furthermore, there is everywhere in the Word the marriage of good and truth, as has been frequently said and shown above; consequently when good is taken away the truth that remains is falsified, and truth falsified is falsity. That all things of the Word are falsified by reasonings that confirm faith alone or faith separate will be illustrated by several examples at the end of this chapter, where the signification of the number "six hundred sixty-six" will be explained.
[2] Since in the Christian churches in which faith alone is received as the head of their doctrinals there are those who are learned and those who are simple, also those who separate faith from the goods of life and those who conjoin faith with these, thus those who falsify the Word much and those who falsify it little, and since the preceding article treated of those who so falsify the Word as altogether to close heaven to themselves, so now those shall be treated of who do not so falsify the Word as to close heaven to themselves. These are such as confirm with themselves that the faith that justifies and saves produces goods of life as a tree does fruits. With those who confirm that doctrine in the life heaven is not closed, but its lowest part, where there is an entrance, is open. The reasons are as follows:
[3] First, although they invert the Divine order, which is that charity produces faith, and not that faith produces charity, yet with those who confirm that conjunction in doctrine and in life that inverted order can afterwards be reversed; and when it has been reversed they enter heaven in its lowest parts. They do not enter interiorly because their faith, by which they believed themselves to have been justified and saved, is derived more from falsities than from truths; and in the lowest parts of heaven are they who are in falsities from doctrine and religion and yet are in the good of life. Their falsities are appearances of truth from the sense of the letter of the Word, all of which have life as their end. It is almost similar with everyone who is being reformed; he first forms doctrine for himself out of the Word, and distinguishes in it between the things that are to be believed and the things that are to be done. The things that are to be believed he calls faith, and the things that are to be done he calls charity, but as the order with everyone has been reversed from birth he looks to faith in the first place and charity in the second. Yet if he lives the life of faith, which is charity, the order is by degrees turned about and restored; and from charity he lives faith. Then so far as his faith is from genuine truths he enters heaven; for, as has been said above, the Divine truth proceeding from the Lord makes heaven and is heaven. From this it can be seen how at the present day faith has become the first and chief thing of the church, namely, because they have followed the order reversed from birth, and because they have been satisfied with the life of the world, and have been led by the pride of self-intelligence; and for this reason they have stopped at the first stage of reformation.
[4] The second reason that such do not close heaven to themselves is, that good works are love and charity in act, and it is from these that heaven is heaven; for all angels and all spirits are affections and thoughts therefrom; or what is the same, are loves and intelligences therefrom; and there are two loves that are the universal and fundamental loves of all, namely, love to the Lord and love towards the neighbor, which is called charity. In these loves are all who do goods from the Word; for all good is of love. Now since those who confirm with themselves in doctrine and life the belief that faith produces good works as a tree does fruits look from faith to good, therefore they have conjunction with heaven, not however with the spiritual heaven, but with the natural heaven, which is in things ultimate and may be called the entrance. Such cannot be admitted more interiorly for the reason that until faith becomes charity in form it is natural, and the natural can produce only what is natural. It is otherwise when faith becomes faith from charity; then faith becomes spiritual because charity, from which is faith, is spiritual. With these the spiritual mind is opened, but with the former only the natural mind is opened; yet this is opened more deeply and interiorly according to the quality of the faith and the quality of the life therefrom. The mind of these, viewed in the light of heaven, appears snowy, such as rational light is; and the rational is intermediate between the spiritual mind and the natural mind.
[5] Thirdly, if the state of the mind and life of those who believe that faith produces good works, and who also do them, is explored more interiorly, it will be seen that they are interiorly natural; since their faith is simply a knowledge of the commandments of the Word; and when the interior natural sight, which is called the rational, enters into this faith, an acknowledgment is produced that those commandments are Divine; and when love becomes active in this acknowledgment it becomes obedience. But the love that operates into this acknowledgment can be no other than a love of reward for the goods done, and to them this reward is eternal life. And as love of reward is not from God but from man, for in reward man regards his own good and not the good of the neighbor, it follows that this love is natural; consequently that the state of mind and life of those who believe that faith produces good works, and who do them according to their faith, is natural. But if they do not do good works from obedience, the love that leads them is the love of the glory that comes from erudition, or the love of the reputation that comes from being raised to honors, or from gaining riches. Such, however, merely say that they acknowledge and believe; in heart they do not acknowledge or believe; therefore they are the lowest natural, and heaven is altogether closed to them.
[6] In order that it may be known that to do good from obedience is from the natural man it shall be told briefly what it is to do good from charity. No one can do good from charity unless his spiritual mind is opened, and the spiritual mind is opened only by man's abstaining from doing evils and shunning them, and finally turning away from them because they are contrary to the Divine commandments in the Word, thus contrary to the Lord. When man so shuns and turns away from evils all things that he thinks, wills, and does, are good because they are from the Lord; for the Lord is continually present, knocks at the door, is urgent and wishes to enter, but evils oppose; therefore man must open the door by removing the evils, for it is only when evils are removed that the Lord enters and sups there (Revelation 3:20). It is said that man opens and removes, because it is from self that man does evils; and inasmuch as the Lord is continually present, knocks at the door, and is urgent, as has been said, man has the ability to refrain from evils as if of himself; this ability is also given to every man. This is why, since man can of himself close heaven to himself he can also as if of himself open heaven, provided he thinks and wills to refrain from evils, looks to the Lord, and when he refrains acknowledges that it is from the Lord. When, therefore, evils have been removed, whatever man does is good, since it is from the Lord; and whatever man does from the Lord is not natural-moral, but is spiritual-moral. Since, then, charity is from the love of doing good for the sake of good, thus from good, consequently from the Lord, it follows that doing good from charity is spiritual, but doing good from obedience, since it is from a love of reward, is natural. Such is the natural in which those are who are in the entrance to heaven; and to this those come who do good only from obedience, who are such as confirm in themselves, in doctrine and life, that faith produces good works as a tree does fruits.
[7] Fourthly, moreover it is to be known that those who believe that faith produces good works as a tree does fruits believe also that heaven is allotted them before evils are removed; and yet so long as evils are with man whatever goods he does are not good, for from an evil tree no other than evil fruits spring forth; therefore the only way to heaven is for man from the Word to abstain from evils because they are sins, which unless they be first removed, the Lord cannot enter and bestow heaven.
[8] The fifth reason why those do not close heaven to themselves who confirm themselves in doctrine and life in the belief that faith produces good works as a tree does fruits, is, that they do not falsify the Word as those do who believe in justification and salvation by faith without good works. Those who believe in a faith without good works falsify all things of the Word that mention and enjoin love, charity, goods, works, deeds, working, and doing; and this they do even to the destruction of the Divine truth in the heavens, by understanding them as meaning either faith, or the moral and civil goods of the world, or as having been said merely for the common people on account of the simplicity of their faith. Thus they destroy the Divine truth itself by arguments from man's inability to fulfill the law, by the nature of the good that is from man as not being good, and by the removal of the merit that inheres in goods from man. But those who in simplicity join good works to faith do not falsify all those things of the Word, and thence do not remove faith from the love to God, and thereby remove the Divine operation in all the particulars to be done by man, as also in all the particulars to be believed by man; for they think and say that good works are to be done as if by man, for he who does not act and believe as if of himself believes nothing and does nothing, and has no religion. And yet, since they have no genuine truths, while they do not close heaven to themselves they can advance no farther than to the threshold of heaven. To such of them, however, as have loved truths for the sake of truths heaven is opened when the Divine order has been restored with them, and that is done when charity and its good are in the first place, and faith and its truths in the second, for they are then like those who go on in a straight way with the face looking forward, while before they were like those who go with the face looking backward.
[9] Sixthly, there are also many who make charity the essential means of salvation, as others do faith, and yet do not live the life of charity; but since their charity is merely a confession of the mouth that this is the truth, it is their faith alone; therefore their charity likewise is not living but dead, and in consequence they differ very little from the confessors of faith alone, having a like heart but an unlike soul, but yet the one like the other closes heaven to himself.
798. "Blasphemare nomen Ipsius." Quod significet falsificando omne quale ejus, constat ex significatione "blasphemare", quod sit falsificare Divinum Verum, ita Verbum, quod a Domino, et quod est Dominus (de qua mox supra, n. 797); et ex significatione "nominis", quod sit quale rei et status (de qua supra, n. 148, 676), hic omne quale Divini Veri seu Verbi, quia dicitur "nomen Ipsius" seu Dei; quod per "nomen Domini" in Verbo intelligatur omne bonum amoris, et omne verum ex illo bono, ex quo colitur, videatur supra (n. 102, 135, 696); ex his patet quod per "blasphemare nomen Dei" significetur falsificare omne quale Divini Veri seu Verbi, tum omne bonum et verum per quae Dominus colitur. Quod illi qui separant fidem a bonis operibus et doctrina et vita, falsificent omne quale Divini Veri, seu omnia Verbi, in praecedente articulo expositum est; hoc concludi potest ex illis quae supra passim dicta sunt, quod nempe amorem et charitatem, ex quibus opera fiunt bona, et ex quibus fides essentiam suam trahit, excludant, ut non una cum fide sint medium salvationis; inde non solum falsificant illa Verbi ubi docetur de amore in Deum, et de amore erga proximum, sed etiam illa loca ubi "opera", "facta", "operari" et "facere" dicuntur; et cum illa falsificantur, etiam omnia Verbi falsificantur; nam reliqua Verbi, quae vera ejus vocantur, vivunt ex illis, et cum vita subtrahitur, cetera sunt mortua: et praeterea, in Verbo ubivis est conjugium boni et veri, ut supra aliquoties dictum et ostensum est; quare cum bonum aufertur, verum quod remanet, falsificatur, et verum falsificatum est falsum; quod per ratiocinia confirmantia fidem solam seu separatam, falsificentur omnia Verbi, in fine hujus capitis pluribus illustrabitur, ubi explicabitur quid numerus "sexcenta sexaginta sex" significat.
[2] Quoniam in ecclesiis Christianis, in quibus sola fides ut caput doctrinalium earum recepta est, sunt eruditi et simplices, et sunt qui fidem separant a bonis vitae, tum qui fidem conjungunt cum illis, ita qui Verbum falsificant multum, et qui parum; et quia in praecedente articulo actum est de illis qui ita falsificant Verbum ut sibi caelum prorsus claudant, hic nunc agetur de illis qui non ita falsificant Verbum ut sibi caelum claudant; hi sunt qui apud se confirmant quod fides quae justificat et salvat, producat bona vitae, sicut arbor fructus; apud hos qui doctrinam illam confirmant vita, non clauditur caelum, sed aperitur ultimum ejus, ubi est introitus. Causae sunt sequentes:
[3] Primum, Quod invertant ordinem Divinum, qui est quod charitas producat fidem, et non quod fides producat charitatem; at usque apud illos qui conjunctionem illam doctrina et vita confirmant, postea inversus ille ordo potest reduci; et cum reductus est, intrant caelum in ultimis ejus: causa quod non interius, est, quia fides eorum, per quam crediderunt se justificari et salvari, plus trahit a falsis quam a veris; et in ultimis caeli sunt qui in falsis ex doctrina et religione sunt, sed usque in bono vitae; falsa eorum sunt apparentiae veri ex sensu litterae Verbi, quae omnes pro fine habent vitam. Paene similis res est cum omni reformando: is primum sibi format doctrinam ex Verbo, et ibi separat illa quae credenda sunt et quae facienda; illa quae credenda sunt vocat fidem, et illa quae facienda sunt vocat charitatem; at quia ordo apud omnes inversus est a nativitate, spectat fidem primo loco, et charitatem secundo: si tamen ille vivit vitam fidei, quae est charitas, per gradus convertitur et reducitur ordo, et a charitate fidem vivit; is tunc quantum fides ejus est ex genuinis veris, tantum intrat caelum; nam, ut supra dictum est, Divinum Verum procedens a Domino facit caelum, et est caelum. Ex his constare potest unde est quod fides hodie facta sit et primum ecclesiae et primarium ejus; nempe, quia ordinem a nativitate inversum secuti sunt, et quia vita mundi placuit, et fastus propriae intelligentiae duxit. Inde est quod in gradu reformationis primo 1
substiterint.
[4] Secunda causa est, quod illi non sibi claudant caelum quia bona opera sunt amor et charitas in actu, et caelum est caelum ex illis; omnes enim angeli et omnes spiritus sunt affectiones et inde cogitationes, seu quod idem, sunt amores et inde intelligentiae; ac bini amores universales ac omnium fundamentales sunt, nempe, amor in Dominum et amor erga proximum, qui vocatur charitas; in bis sunt omnes illi qui bona faciunt ex Verbo, nam omne bonum est amoris: nunc quia illi qui apud se doctrina et vita confirmant quod fides producat bona opera sicut arbor fructus, spectant a fide ad bonum, inde illis conjunctio est cum caelo, at non cum caelo spirituali, sed cum caelo naturali, quod est in ultimis, et vocandum est introitus: quod non interius possint intromitti, est causa, quia fides antequam fit charitas in forma, est naturalis, et naturale non producere potest quam naturale; aliter cum fides fit fides ex charitate, tunc fides fit spiritualis, quia charitas, ex qua, est spiritualis: apud hos aperta est mens spiritualis; apud illos autem solum aperta est mens naturalis, sed profundius et interius secundum fidei quale et inde vitae quale. Mens horum in luce caeli spectata apparet nivea, qualis est lux rationalis; et rationale est medium inter mentem spiritualem et mentem naturalem.
[5] Tertio, si penitius exploratur status animi et vitae illorum qui credunt quod fides producat bona opera, et quoque faciunt illa, videbitur quod sint interius naturales; fides enim eorum est modo cognitio praeceptorum Verbi, in quam cum visus interior naturalis, qui vocatur rationalis, intrat, fit agnitio quod praecepta illa sint Divina; in quam agnitionem cum operatur amor, fit obedientia; sed amor qui in agnitionem illam operatur, non potest alius esse quam amor mercedis propter bona quae faciunt, et merces est illis vita aeterna; et quia amor mercedis non est a Deo sed ab homine, nam homo in mercede suum bonum et non proximi spectat, sequitur quod amor ille sit naturalis, proinde quod status animi et vitae illorum qui credunt quod fides producat bona opera, et faciunt illa secundum fidem, sit naturalis: si vero non faciunt illa ex obedientia, est amor gloriae ex eruditione, aut amor famae ut evehantur ad honores aut ut lucrentur opes, qui ducit: at hi modo dicunt quod agnoscant et credant, sed usque corde non agnoscunt et credunt; quare sunt infime naturales, quibus caelum prorsus clausum est.
[6] Ut sciatur quod facere bonum ex obedientia sit ex naturali homine, paucis dicetur quid sit facere bonum ex charitate. Facere bonum ex charitate, non potest alius quam cui mens spiritualis aperta est; et mens spiritualis aperitur solum per id, quod homo abstineat a malis faciendis, ac fugiat ac demum aversetur illa, quia contra Divina praecepta in Verbo sunt, ita contra Dominum; quando homo sic fugit et aversatur mala, tunc omnia quae cogitat, vult et facit, bona sunt, quia a Domino; Dominus enim continue praesens est, pulsat ostium, urget et vult ingredi, sed mala obstant; quare homo aperiet ostium per id quod removeat mala, nam his remotis Dominus ingreditur, et ibi cenat (Apocalypsis 3:20). Dicitur quod homo aperiat et removeat; homo enim mala ex se facit; et quia Dominus continue praesens est, pulsat ostium et urget, ut dictum est, homini est facultas desistendi a malis sicut a se; hoc cuivis homini datum est: inde nunc est, quia homo a se potest sibi claudere caelum, [quod] etiam sicut a se possit aperire caelum; modo dum cogitat et vult desistere a malis, spectat ad Dominum, et cum desistit agnoscat quod sit a Domino. Remotis itaque malis, tunc est bonum quicquid homo facit, quoniam est a Domino; et quicquid homo a Domino facit, non est morale naturale, sed est morale spirituale. Nunc quia charitas est ex amore faciendi bonum propter bonum, ita ex bono, proinde ex Domino, sequitur quod facere bonum ex charitate sit spirituale; at quod facere bonum ex obedientia, quia est ex amore mercedis, sit naturale. Hoc naturale est in quo sunt illi qui in introitu ad caelum sunt; quo etiam veniunt illi qui bonum faciunt modo ex obedientia, qui sunt qui doctrina et vita apud se confirmant quod fides producat bona opera, sicut arbor fructus.
[7] Quarto, Praeterea sciendum est quod illi qui credunt quod fides producat bona opera, sicut arbor fructus, etiam credant quod sortiantur caelum antequam mala sunt remota; et tamen quamdiu mala apud hominem sunt, bona quaecunque facit non bona sunt, nam ex arbore mala non alii fructus quam mali enascuntur; quare unica via ad caelum est, ut homo abstineat a malis ex Verbo, quia peccata sunt; quae nisi primum removentur, non intrare potest Dominus, et dare caelum.
[8] Quinta causa, [quod] qui doctrina et vita se confirmant in eo, quod fides producat bona opera sicut arbor fructus, non sibi claudant caelum, est quia non falsificant Verbum sicut illi qui credunt justificationem et salvationem per fidem absque bonis operibus; qui fidem absque bonis operibus credunt, illi falsificant omnia Verbi, ubi "amor", "charitas", "bona", "opera", "facta", "operari" et "facere" dicuntur et mandantur; et hoc usque ad destructionem Divini Veri in caelis, intelligendo per illa vel fidem, vel bona mundi moralia et civilia, vel quod dicta sint solum pro vulgo, propter ejus fidei simplicitatem; destruendo sic ipsum Divinum Verum, per argumentationes ex impotentia hominis implendi legem, per naturam boni ab homine, quod non sit bonum, perque remotionem meriti quod inhaeret bonis ab homine: sed illi qui simpliciter adjungunt fidei bona opera, non falsificant omnia illa Verbi, et inde non removent fidem ex amore Dei, et ex eo operationem Divinam in singulis faciendis, sicut in singulis credendis ab homine; cogitant enim et dicunt quod bona facienda sint sicut ab homine, nam qui non facit et credit sicut a se, nihil credit et nihil facit, cui nulla religio est: sed usque quia non illis genuina vera sunt, non quidem sibi caelum claudunt, at non ulterius quam ad limen caeli possunt venire: qui vero ex illis amaverunt vera propter vera, illis aperitur caelum, quando Divinus ordo apud illos restitutus est, qui est ut charitas et ejus bonum primo loco sit, ac fides et ejus vera secundo; sunt enim tunc sicut qui vadunt via recta facie spectante antrorsum, at prius sicut qui vadunt facie spectante retrorsum.
[9] Sexto, Sunt etiam plures qui charitatem faciunt essentiale medium salutis, sicut alii fidem, et tamen non vivunt charitatis vitam; at quia charitas eorum est solum confessio oralis quod ita sit, ita est solum fides eorum; unde illorum charitas similiter non est viva sed mortua: quare parum differunt a confessoribus solius fidei, sunt enim simili corde, sed dissimili anima; at usque unus sicut alter claudit sibi caelum.
Footnotes:
1. The editors made a correction or note here.