第十节 仁义本分有公共、家内、私人之别
429# 仁义之本分，有公共的，有家内的，也有私人的。
仁义的施惠与仁义的本分，彼此有别；其别犹如出于自由裁量而行之事，与出于必然义务而行之事不同。然此处所谓“仁义之本分”，并非指人在王国与共和国中由职务所承担的职责——例如圣职人员之服事，审判官之审判，诸如此类；而是指各人在其所处任何职分中，作为个人所负之本分。
因此，这些本分另有其源，乃由人内在意志的性质而发；所以，在有仁义者那里，它们是从仁义而行；反之，在无仁义者那里，即使外在行为相同，也不出于任何仁义。
429# 仁爱的善举和仁爱的义务彼此不同，就像出于自由选择或自由意志所做的事和出于强迫所做的事彼此不同一样。然而，这里所说的仁爱的义务或职责不是指国家或共和国的任何职位的义务或职责，如国务大臣的行政职责，法官的司法职责等等，而是指每个人的义务或职责，无论他的职业是什么。因此，这些义务或职责来自一个不同的源头，是从一个不同的意愿流出的，因而是那些拥有仁爱的人出于仁爱所做的，另一方面是那些没有仁爱的人在没有仁爱的情况下所做的。
429. There Are Obligations That Are Related to Goodwill. Some of Them Are Public; Some Relate to the Household; and Some Are Personal
Acts of kindness related to goodwill and obligations related to goodwill are distinguished from each other thus: The former belong to those things that we may or may not do of our own free choice and the latter to those that we must of necessity do. Nevertheless the obligations related to goodwill mentioned here do not mean the obligations connected with our job in our country or republic, such as the obligation a minister has to minister and the obligation a judge has to judge, and so on. They mean the obligations we all have regardless of the jobs we do. These have a different origin and flow from a different intention. These obligations are done with goodwill by people who have goodwill; they are done without goodwill by people who have none.
429. X. Some charitable duties are public, some domestic and some private.
There is a difference between charitable kindnesses and charitable duties, like that between acts undertaken by free choice and those done of necessity. Still, by charitable duties we do not here mean the duties attached to office in a kingdom or republic, such as that of ministers to administer, of judges to judge, and so on, but the duties of every individual whatever his occupation. They come therefore from a different origin and are the result of a different act of will, so that those who are charitable do them out of charity, and in the opposite case the uncharitable do them out of lack of charity.
429. X. THERE ARE DUTIES OF CHARITY, SOME PUBLIC, SOME DOMESTIC, AND SOME PRIVATE.
The benefactions of charity and the duties of charity are distinct, like the things done from choice and the things done from compulsion. But by the duties of charity official duties in a kingdom or state are not meant, as the duties of a minister to minister, of a judge to judge, and so on, but the duties of everyone whatever his employment may be. Thus these duties are from a different origin, and flow forth from a different will, and are therefore done from charity by those who have charity, and on the other hand from no charity by those who have no charity.
429. X. THERE ARE PUBLIC, DOMESTIC AND PRIVATE DUTIES OF CHARITY.
The benefactions of charity and the duties of charity are distinct from each other, like things done from free will and those done from necessity. By the duties of charity, however, we do not here mean the duties belonging to any offices in a kingdom or republic, as the administrative duties of a minister of state, the judicial duties of a judge, and so on; but by such duties we mean those which every one performs whatever his position. They are not dictated by his office, nor by an official will; and therefore they are performed from a principle of charity by those who are in charity; but on the other hand, from no such principle by those who are not in charity.
429. Quod sint Debita Charitatis, quaedam Publica, quaedam Domestica, et quaedam Privata.
Charitatis Beneficia et Charitatis Debita inter se distincta sunt, sicut illa quae ex libero arbitrio fiunt, et illa quae ex necessitate: at usque per Debita Charitatis, hic non intelliguntur Debita functionum in Regno et Republica, sicut ministri ut ministret, judicis ut judicet, et sic porro, sed intelliguntur Debita cujusvis in quacunque functione est, quare sunt ex alia origine, et profluunt ex alia voluntate, et ideo fiunt ex Charitate ab illis qui in Charitate sunt, ac vicissim ex nulla Charitate ab illis qui in nulla sunt.