441# 凡将行为中的赏报视为目的本身的人，则全然相反。这样的人好比那些为求利益而结交朋友的人；他们也赠送礼物，提供服务，作出仿佛发自内心的爱之表示；然而一旦得不到所期望的，便转身离去，断绝友谊，并投向那人的仇敌与憎恨者。他们又如乳母，只为工价而哺养婴孩，在父母面前亲吻抚弄他们；但一旦不得精细供养，且不按她们每一意愿给予报酬，便弃绝婴孩，粗暴对待，甚至鞭打他们，并以他们的哭声为笑。
【2】他们也如那些从自我之爱与世界之爱来看待祖国的人；他们口称愿为祖国献出财产与生命，然而若不能猎取尊荣与财富作为奖赏，便恶言诋毁祖国，并归附祖国的仇敌。他们又如牧人，若只是为工价而牧养羊群，一旦不能按时得到报酬，便用杖将羊从草场赶入旷野。与此相似的，是那些只为所分派给他们的俸禄而履行职分的祭司；至于这些人对托付他们引导之灵魂的救恩何等轻忽，由此便可显明。
【3】官长之中亦有同样情形：他们只顾自己职务的尊位与收益；他们行善时，并非为公共之善，而是为自我之爱与世界之爱之乐；这种快乐，他们当作唯一的善而吸入胸中。其余各等人亦是如此；因为人为何种目的而行，此目的便支配其中每一点；而那些属于职分的中间原因，若不能推进这目的，便被弃绝。
【4】在关乎救恩之事上，那些凭功德索取赏报的人，也是如此。他们死后以昂然之态要求天堂；然而及至被发现里面并无对上帝之爱，也无对邻舍之爱，便被遣往那些教导他们仁义与信仰的人那里；若他们弃绝这些教义，便被送至与他们相似者中间。在这些人中，有些因得不到奖赏而向上帝发怒，并称信仰不过是理性中的一种存在物。圣言中所谓“雇工”，所指的就是这些人；他们在圣殿院中被派作最低等的服役。从远处看，他们显现为劈柴的人。
441# 对那些在其作为或行为中视回报为根本目的或目的本身的人来说，情况截然不同。他们就像那些为了利益而建立友谊的人，他们也送出礼物、提供服务，并证明看似发自内心的爱。然而，当他们对自己的期望感到失望，或说没有得到他们所期望的东西时，他们就转身离开，放弃友谊，加入前朋友的敌人和仇恨者的行列。他们也像仅仅为了工资而给婴孩喂奶的保姆，她们在婴儿的父母面前亲吻和爱抚婴儿。然而，当她们没有得到她们想要的饮食和薪水时，她们就会疏于照顾婴儿，粗鲁地对待他们，甚至殴打他们，嘲笑他们的哭喊或眼泪。
此外，他们就像那些出于对自我和世界的爱来关注自己的国家，并声称愿意为国家献出自己的财富和生命的人。然而，他们若得不到荣誉和财富为赏赐，就会诋毁自己的国家，甚至通敌。他们也像只为工价照顾羊群的牧羊人，他们若没有得到他们想要的工价，就会用自己的杖把羊群从牧场赶到沙漠或旷野。那些履行牧师的职责，只是为了牧师薪资的人就像这些牧羊人；显然，他们轻视或毫不关心被委以重任的灵魂的救赎。
对那些只看重职位的荣誉或地位及其收入的地方官员来说，情况也是如此。当他们行善时，不是为了公众福利，而是为了满足对自我和世界的爱，或说为了这爱中的快乐，他们将这种快乐作为唯一的良善来吸收。对其他所有以对自我和世界的爱为基础的人来说，情况都是如此；因为他们所关注的目的对他们来说，是至关重要的，或说是决定性的因素，与职能有关的居间原因，或履行职责所用的方法若不能实现或促进这个目的，就会被放弃或完全忽视。
这同样适用于那些在救赎的问题上基于功德而要求回报的人。死后，这些人满怀信心地要求进入天堂。然而，当发现他们没有对神的爱，也没有对邻舍的爱时，他们就被送回到那些能教导他们仁爱和信仰的人那里。他们若拒绝这种教导，就会被送到他们的同类那里，其中一些人因没有得到回报而向神发怒，称信仰只是理性的产物或虚构。在圣言中，“雇工”就是指这些人，他们在圣殿的外院被分配最低级的服务。从远处看，他们似乎在劈柴，或说就像伐木工人。
441. It is completely different for people who focus on getting a reward as the primary goal of what they do. They are like those who strike up a friendship to get money; they give gifts, do favors, and profess their love as if it were heartfelt, but when they do not get what they were hoping for, they turn their backs, drop the friendship, and join up with the others enemies and detractors.
They are like wet nurses who breastfeed babies only for the money. While the parents are looking, they kiss the babies and stroke them, but as soon as they are unsatisfied with the quality of the food they are given or do not get paid whatever they ask, they reject the babies, treat them roughly, beat them, and laugh at their crying.
[2] They are like people who focus on their country because they love themselves and the world. They say they intend the country's well-being and are devoting their lives to it, but if they do not receive promotions and wealth as rewards, they bad-mouth the country and become allies with its enemies.
They are like shepherds who take care of sheep only because of the money. If they do not get their money on time, they take their staffs and drive the sheep off the pasture into the wilderness. Priests who perform their duties only for the stipend involved are like these shepherds. Clearly, they do not care at all about the salvation of the souls that are under their care and guidance.
[3] It is the same with government officials who focus only on the status and the income from their job. When they do something good, it is not for the public good but for the pleasure they take in loving themselves and the world, which they inhale as the only form of good.
The same sort of attitudes are possible in any line of work. The goal or purpose is the determining factor throughout. If the means employed in a given pursuit fail to achieve the goal, they are abandoned.
[4] People who are looking for the reward of salvation that they feel they deserve behave similarly. After death they demand heaven with tremendous confidence. Once it is discovered that they have no love for God or their neighbor, they are sent to teachers who instruct them about faith and goodwill. If they reject what they are taught, they are exiled to be with people like themselves, some of whom are enraged at God because they have not been given their rewards. They call faith a figment of the imagination.
These are the people who are meant in the Word by "hired workers," who were given extremely menial jobs in the entrances to the Temple. From a distance [in the spiritual world] these people look as if they are splitting logs.
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441. The case is quite different with those who regard the reward for their deeds as their aim. They resemble those who embark on friendship for what they can get out of it, and send presents, perform services and give evidence of heartfelt friendship; but when they do not get what they hoped for, they turn their backs, declare the friendship is at an end, and join the ranks of their enemies and detractors. They are like wet-nurses, who only feed babies for pay, and so long as the parents are watching kiss and fondle them; but as soon as they are not given the best food and rewarded at the slightest whim, they neglect the babies, treat them harshly and beat them, laughing at their crying.
[2] They are also like those whose patriotism springs from love of self and the world; they say they are willing to give their fortunes and their lives for their country, yet if they do not succeed in getting honours and wealth as a reward, they speak ill of their country and ally themselves to its enemies. They are also like shepherds, who only tend their sheep for pay; and if this is late in being paid, they use their staff to drive the sheep from the pastureland into the desert. They are like priests who perform their duties only for the stipends attached to them; it is plain that they care nothing for the salvation of the souls whose guidance is put in their charge.
[3] It is much the same with people holding magistracies, who only have regard to the rank and income attached to their office; when they do good, it is not for the public good, but for the pleasure that comes of love of self and the world, which is the breath of life to them and the only good they recognise. It is very similar with others of this sort; the aim which motivates them is totally dominant, and the intermediate causes, which belong to their office, are dismissed if they do not assist that aim.
[4] Such is the case with those who demand a reward as earned in matters relating to salvation. After death they with great confidence demand to go to heaven; but when they have been found to possess no love at all to God and none at all towards the neighbour, they are sent to be instructed about charity and faith. If they reject this teaching, they are banished to join people like them, among whom are some who are angry with God, because they have not been rewarded, and call faith an item standing to their credit. These are the people who are meant in the Word by hired labourers; they are assigned to the most menial forms of service in church courtyards. Seen from a distance they appear to be splitting wood.
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441. It is wholly different with those who regard reward as the essential end in their works. These are like such as form friendships for the sake of gain, and who make presents, perform services, and profess love seemingly from the heart, but when they fail to obtain what they hoped for, they turn about, renounce their friendship, and devote themselves to the enemies of their former friends and to those who hate them. They are also like nurses who suckle infants merely for wages, and in presence of their parents kiss and fondle them; but as soon as they cease to be fed with delicacies and rewarded just as they wish, they turn against the infants, treat them harshly, beat them, and laugh at their cries.
[2] They are also like those whose regard for their country springs from love of self and the world, and who say that they are willing to give their property and their lives for it; and yet, if they do not acquire honors and riches as rewards, they speak ill of their country, and connect themselves with its enemies. They are also like shepherds who care for sheep merely for hire, and if the hire is not given when they wish it, drive the sheep with their crook from the pasture to the desert. Like these again are priests who discharge the duties of their office solely for the sake of the emoluments attached to them, and who, evidently, regard as of little account the salvation of the souls over whom they have been placed as guides.
[3] It is the same with magistrates who look only to the dignity of their office and its revenues; and when they do right, it is not for the sake of the public good, but for the sake of the delight in the love of self and the world, which delight they breathe in as the only good. It is the same with all the rest; the end in view carries every point, and the mediate causes pertaining to the function are renounced if they do not promote the end.
[4] And the same is true of those who demand reward on the ground of merit in matters of salvation. Such after death confidently demand heaven; but when it has been found that they have no love to God or love towards the neighbor, they are sent back to those who can instruct them concerning charity and faith; and if they repudiate their instructions, they are sent away to their like, among whom are some who are enraged against God because they do not obtain rewards, and who call faith a mere figment of reason. Such are meant in the Word by "hirelings," who were allotted service of the lowest kind in the outer courts of the temple. At a distance they appear to be splitting wood.
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441. It is quite different with those who regard reward in what they do as the end itself. They resemble those who form friendships for the sake of gain; and who also make presents, perform services, and give proofs of seemingly heart-felt love. Yet when they are disappointed in their expectations, they turn round, renounce the obligations of friendship, and join the enemies and haters of their former friend. They are like nurses, who suckle infants merely for wages, and who kiss and fondle them when in the sight of their parents. When, however, their own fare and remuneration do not prove to be as lavish as they might wish, they neglect the infants, and treat them harshly, even beating them and laughing at their tears.
[2] They are, moreover, like those who regard their country from the love of self and the world, and who declare they are ready to give their fortunes and life itself for it. Yet if they do not receive honors and riches as rewards, they defame their country, and take part with its enemies. They are also like shepherds who feed their sheep only for hire; and if they do not receive their wages when they consider they are due, they use their staff to drive the flock into the wilderness. Resembling these are priests who perform their ministerial duties merely for the emoluments attached to them: clearly they care nothing for the salvation of the souls committed to their charge.
[3] The case is the same with those magistrates who look only to the honors and rewards attached to their office. When they do good it is not for the sake of the public welfare, but for the sake of selfish and worldly gratifications, which they consider the only good.
The same might be said of all others who are grounded in selfish and worldly love; for the end they have in view is to them of supreme importance, and subsidy considerations, which are necessary for the due performance of their office, if they do not promote that end, are completely ignored.
[4] The same holds good with those who demand reward for merit in the matter of salvation: after death with great assurance they demand admittance to heaven. When, however, it has been ascertained that they have no love to God and none towards the neighbor, they are sent to those who give instruction in charity and faith. If they reject this teaching, they are removed to the company of persons like themselves, among whom some are angry with God because they do not receive their rewards, and who call faith a product of the reason. In the Word these are meant by the hirelings to whom were assigned the most menial services in the courts of the Temple. At a distance they appear like hewers of wood.
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441. Aliter prorsus illi qui mercedem in operibus ut ipsum finem spectant; hi similes sunt illis, qui amicitiam ineunt propter lucrationes, et quoque dona mittunt, officia praestant, amorem testantur sicut ex corde, et cum sperata non obtinent, avertunt se, et amicitiae renuntiant, ac inimicis et osoribus ejus se addicant. Et sunt sicut 1 Nutrices, quae pro mercede 2 solum lactant infantes, et in conspectu parentum osculantur et palpant illos, at vero ut primum non delicate nutriuntur et ad omnem nutum remunerantur, infantes rejiciunt, duriter tractant et verberant, ridentes ad fletus 3 illorum.
[2] Sunt etiam sicut qui spectant Patriam ex amore sui et mundi, et dicunt se velle bona sua et vitam suam pro illa impendere, et tamen si non aucupant honores et opes ut praemia, male de illa loquuntur, et adjungunt se hostibus ejus: sunt quoque sicut Pastores, qui solum propter mercedem pascunt oves, quam si non suo tempore recipiunt, baculo suo a pascuo in desertum abigunt: similes his sunt Sacerdotes, qui sui ministerii debita solum propter census illis addictos praestant; quod hi flocci pendant salutem animarum, quibus ut ductores praefecti sunt, patet.
[3] Simile est cum Magistratus personis, qui modo spectant ad dignitatem functionis suae et ad reditus; hi dum bonum faciunt, non est propter bonum publicum, sed propter jucundum amoris sui et mundi, quod illi ut unicum bonum respirant: parile est cum reliquis; finis enim propter quem, omne punctum fert, et causae mediae, quae sunt functionis, si non promovent finem, renuntiantur.
[4] Simile est cum illis, qui mercedem ex merito in rebus salutis poscunt; hi post mortem magno animo postulant Coelum, at postquam inventi sunt, quod nihil amoris in Deum, et nihil amoris erga proximum possideant, remittuntur ad illos qui de Charitate et Fide illos instruant, quorum doctrinalia si repudiant, ablegantur ad similes, inter quos aliqui sunt, qui irascuntur Deo, quia non reportant praemia, et Fidem vocant ens rationis. Sunt illi qui in Verbo intelliguntur per Mercenarios, quibus addicta sunt servitia infimae sortis in Atriis Templi: apparent e longinquo sicut findentes ligna.
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