第十六节 假仁义、伪仁义、死仁义
450# 存在假仁义、伪仁义和死仁义。
真正的仁义，即活的仁义，唯有与信仰合而为一时才存在；并且，唯有二者联合起来一同仰望主时才存在。因为这三者——主、仁义和信仰——乃是得救的三个本质要素；当它们合而为一时，仁义才是仁义，信仰才是信仰，主也在它们里面，它们也在主里面（见上文363—367节，以及368—372节）。
然而，凡这三者没有联合在一起之处，仁义便或是假仁义，或是伪仁义，或是死仁义。自基督教创立以来，基督教界中曾有各种异端，如今也仍然存在；在每一种异端中，这三个本质要素——即上帝、仁义和信仰——都曾被承认，也仍被承认；因为离了这三者，就没有宗教。
至于特别论到仁义，它可以被附加于任何一种异端的信仰；例如索齐尼派的信仰、狂热派的信仰、犹太式的信仰，甚至偶像崇拜者的信仰；并且所有这些人都可能相信那就是仁义，因为它在外在形式上显得相似。然而，仁义的性质仍会随着它所附加或所结合的信仰而改变。此事可参看论信仰那一章。
450# 真正的仁爱，即活的仁爱是不存在的，除非它与信仰构成一体，这两者共同仰望主。因为这三者，即主、仁爱和信仰是得救的三个要素，当它们构成一体时，仁爱才是仁爱，信仰才是信仰；主在它们里面，它们在主里面（参看TCR 363-367，368-372节）。而另一方面，当这三者没有结合时，仁爱要么是虚假的，要么是虚伪的，要么是死的。基督教会自建立以来就一直有各种异端，一些异端至今仍存在；其中每一种异端都承认，并且现在仍承认这三个要素，即神、仁爱和信仰，因为没有这三个要素，就没有宗教。仁爱尤其如此，它可以与任何异端信仰相连，如苏西尼派、狂热者和犹太人的信仰，甚至偶像崇拜者的信仰。所有这些人都可能认为它是仁爱，因为它在外在形式上看起来就像仁爱。然而，仁爱的品质照着与它联结或结合的信仰而变化，这一点可见于关于信仰那一章（TCR 367节）。
450. There Are Such Things as Illegitimate Goodwill, Hypocritical Goodwill, and Dead Goodwill
Genuine, living goodwill does not exist unless it accompanies faith and unless both goodwill and faith jointly focus on the Lord. These three - the Lord, goodwill, and faith - are the three essential elements for salvation. When they are united, goodwill is goodwill, faith is faith, and the Lord is in them both and they are in the Lord (see 363-367, 368-372 above). When these three elements are not united, goodwill is illegitimate, hypocritical, or dead.
From the time Christianity was first established, various heresies have arisen; some are still in existence today. Even these heresies have all recognized these three essential elements: God, goodwill, and faith. Without these three elements there is no religion.
As for goodwill in specific, it can be attached to any heretical faith - Socinian faith, faith in one's own divine inspiration, Jewish faith, even idolatrous faiths. People in these faiths believe that they have goodwill since it looks the same in outward form; nevertheless, goodwill changes its quality depending on the faith it is attached or united to. (This point is clarified in the chapter on faith [367].)
450. XVI. Spurious charity, hypocritical charity and dead charity.
True charity which is alive is impossible except when it makes one with faith, and except when both jointly look to the Lord. For these three, the Lord, charity and faith, are the three essentials for salvation, and when they are one, charity is charity, faith is faith and the Lord is in them, and they are in the Lord (see above 363-372). However, where these three are not linked together, charity is either spurious or hypocritical or dead. From the time it was founded Christianity has been beset by various heresies, and these continue also at the present time; and in each one of these the three essentials - God, charity and faith - have been and are acknowledged, since in their absence there can be no religion, As regards charity specifically, it can be attached to any heretical belief, such as that of Socinians, Enthusiasts or Jews, even the belief of idolaters. And all these can believe that it is really charity, since it resembles that in outward form; but it actually changes its nature depending on the belief to which it is attached or linked. For a demonstration of this, see the chapter on faith.
450. XVI. THERE IS SPURIOUS CHARITY, HYPOCRITICAL CHARITY, AND DEAD CHARITY.
There is no genuine, that is, living charity, except that which makes one with faith, and the two look conjointly to the Lord; for these three, the Lord, charity, and faith, are the three essentials of salvation, and when they make one, charity is charity, and faith is faith; and the Lord is in them and they are in the Lord (see above, n. 363-367, and n. 368-372). On the other hand, when these three are not conjoined, charity is either spurious, or hypocritical, or dead. In Christianity since its establishment there have been various heresies, even down to the present day, in each of which these three essentials, God, charity, and faith, have been and still are acknowledged; for apart from these three, there is no religion. As to charity in particular, it may be joined to any heretical belief, as with that of the Socinians, the Enthusiasts, the Jews, and even to the faith of idolaters; and they may all believe it to be charity, since it appears like it in the external form. Nevertheless, the quality of charity is changed in accordance with the faith to which it is joined, as may be seen in the chapter on Faith.
450. XVI. THERE ARE SPURIOUS CHARITY, HYPOCRITICAL CHARITY AND DEAD CHARITY.
There can be no genuine, that is, living charity unless it forms one with faith, and unless both together look to the Lord. For the Lord, charity and faith are the three essentials of salvation; and when they form one, charity is charity and faith is faith, and the Lord is in them and they in the Lord, as may be seen above in 363-367, and 368-372. When, however, these three are not conjoined, charity is either spurious, or hypocritical, or dead. There have been various heresies in the Christian Church since it was first established, and they still exist in it; and in each of them these three essentials, God, charity, and faith were and are acknowledged, for without these there can be no religion. It is especially true of charity that it may be adjoined to any heretical faith, as to that of the Socinians, 1 the Enthusiasts, 2 the Jews, and even to that of idolaters. All these may believe it to be charity, because it appears like it in its external form; but the nature of charity varies in accordance with the faith to which it is adjoined or conjoined, as may be seen in the chapter on Faith.
Footnotes:
1. Socinians, members of a religious sect taking their name from Faustus Socinus, A.D. 1539-1604, and his uncle Laelius Socinus. They are antitrinitarians, denying the personality of the Holy Ghost and the Divinity of Christ. Early Socians believed in the miraculous conception and that Christ was entitled to Divine worship; but modern Socinians, chiefly Unitarians, deny both.
2. Enthusiasts (= fanatics), a sect of heretics in Cod. Theodosianus, c. A.D. 438, a record of the constitutions of the Roman Emperors from the time of Constantine, compiled by the Emperor Theodosius.
450. Quod detur Charitas spuria, Charitas hypocritica, et Charitas mortua.
Genuina charitas quae est viva, non datur nisi quae unum facit cum fide, et nisi utraque conjunctim spectet ad Dominum, nam haec tria, Dominus, Charitas et Fides, sunt tria essentialia salutis, quae dum unum faciunt, Charitas est Charitas, et Fides est Fides, et Dominus est in illis et illi in Domino, videatur supra 363-367, et 368-372. At vero, ubi Tria illa non conjuncta sunt, est Charitas vel spuria, vel hypocritica, vel mortua. Fuerunt in Christianismo a tempore fundationis ejus diversae Haereses, et quoque hodie sunt, in quarum singulis tria haec Essentialia, quae sunt Deus, Charitas et Fides, agnita sunt et agnoscuntur, nam absque Tribus illis non est Religio. Quod in specie Charitatem attinet, potest illa adjungi cuivis Fidei Haereticae; sicut Fidei Socinianorum, Fidei Enthusiastarum, Fidei Judaeorum, imo Fidei Idololatrarum, et ab omnibus illis credi quod sit Charitas, quoniam illa in externa forma apparet similis; sed usque mutat qualitatem secundum fidem cui adjungitur vel conjungitur; quod ita sit videatur in Capite de Fide.