574、“肉体”表示人已经变得肉体化。这从圣言中“肉体”的含义清楚可知，“肉体或肉”表示总体上的每个人和具体的一个肉体人。在约珥书，它表示所有人：
我要将我的灵浇灌所有肉体，你们的儿女要说预言。（约珥书2:28）
此处“肉体”表示人，“灵”表示从主流入的真理和良善。诗篇：
听祷告的啊，所有肉体都要来到你这里。（诗篇65:2）
此处“肉体”表示所有人。耶利米书：
倚靠人，以肉体为膀臂的，那人该受诅咒。（耶利米书17:5）
此处“肉体”表示人，“膀臂”表示能力。以西结书：
所有肉体就都知道。（以西结书21:4-5）
撒迦利亚书：
所有肉体都当在耶和华面前肃静。（撒迦利亚书2:13）
此处“肉体”表示所有人。
“肉体”表示具体的一个肉体人，这一点从以赛亚书明显看出来：
埃及人是人，并不是神；他们的马是肉体，并不是灵。（以赛亚书31:3）
这表示以下事实：他们的记忆知识仅限于肉体层面；在圣言中，无论在此处还是在别处，“马”都表示理性层。以赛亚书：
他要退到右手边，仍受饥饿；在左手边吞吃，仍不饱足。他们各人要吃自己膀臂上的肉。（以赛亚书9:20）
此处“肉”表示人自己的东西，它们都具有肉体的性质。又：
他必连灵魂带肉体都灭尽。（以赛亚书10:18）
此处“肉体”表示肉体之物。又：
耶和华的荣耀必然显现，所有肉体都必一同看见。有响声说，你喊叫吧！他说，我喊叫什么呢？所有肉体都是草。（以赛亚书40:5-6）
此处“肉体”表示所有肉体化的人。
以赛亚书：
耶和华必以火争论，以祂的剑与所有肉体相争；被耶和华所杀的人数必增多。（以赛亚书66:16）
此处“火”表示败坏欲望的惩罚；“剑”表示虚假的惩罚；“肉体”表示人的肉体之物。诗篇：
神想到他们是肉体，是一个去而不返的灵。（诗篇78:39）
这论及在旷野里渴望肉的人们，因为他们是肉体的；他们渴望肉代表他们只渴望肉体之物（民数记11:32-34）。
New Century Edition
Cooper(2008,2013)
[NCE]574. The symbolism of flesh as the fact that people became body-centered is established by the symbolism of flesh in the Word, where it is taken to mean both every person in general and a body-centered one in particular.
Flesh is understood as implying all people, in Joel:
I will pour out my spirit on all flesh, and your sons and your daughters will prophesy. (Joel 2:28)
The flesh stands for people; the spirit, for truth and goodness flowing in from the Lord. In David:
Hearer of prayers, to you will all flesh come. (Psalms 65:2)
Here flesh stands for all people. In Jeremiah:
Cursed will the man be who trusts in humankind and uses flesh as his arm. (Jeremiah 17:5)
Flesh stands for people, the arm for power. In Ezekiel:
... so that all flesh will know ... (Ezekiel 21:4-5)
In Zechariah:
Be silent, all flesh, before Jehovah. (Zechariah 2:13)
Here flesh stands for all people.
[2] Flesh is understood as particularly implying a body-centered person, in Isaiah:
The Egyptian is human and not God, and their horses are flesh and not spirit. (Isaiah 31:3)
This stands for the fact that their knowledge was limited to the bodily level. Horses here and elsewhere in the Word stand for the rational level. In the same author:
They will withdraw to the right and be hungry and will eat on the left and not get enough. They will each eat the flesh of their own arm. (Isaiah 9:20)
Flesh stands here for the things that are our own, which are all on the bodily level. In the same author:
From soul to flesh he shall consume [it all]. (Isaiah 10:18)
The flesh stands for bodily preoccupations. In the same author:
The glory of Jehovah will be revealed and all flesh will see it together. A voice says, "Shout!" And he said, "What shall I shout?" "All flesh is grass!" (Isaiah 40:5-6)
Flesh stands for all body-oriented people.
[3] In the same author:
Jehovah will argue his case by fire, and argue it with all flesh by his sword; and the number of those stabbed by Jehovah will multiply. (Isaiah 66:16)
Fire stands for punishment inflicted on corrupt desire, the sword for punishment inflicted on falsity, and flesh for bodily preoccupations. In David:
God remembered that they were flesh, a spirit wandering, never to return. (Psalms 78:39)
This is about the people in the wilderness craving flesh, or meat (Numbers 11:32-33, 34), describing them as body-centered. Their yearning for flesh represented the fact that they desired only bodily rewards.
Potts(1905-1910) 574
574. That "flesh" signifies that man had become corporeal, appears from the signification of "flesh" in the Word, where it is used to signify both every man in general, and also, specifically, the corporeal man. It is used to signify every man, in Joel:
I will pour out My spirit upon all flesh, and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy (Joel 2:28), where "flesh" signifies man, and "spirit" the influx of truth and good from the Lord. In David:
Thou that hearest prayers, unto Thee shall all flesh come (Ps. 65:2),where "flesh" denotes every man. In Jeremiah:
Cursed is the man that trusteth in man, and maketh flesh his arm (Jer. 17:5), where "flesh" signifies man, and "arm" power. In Ezekiel:
That all flesh may know (Ezek. 21:4-5). In Zechariah:
Be silent, all flesh, before Jehovah (Zech. 2:13), where "flesh" denotes every man. [2] That it signifies specifically the corporeal man, is evident from Isaiah:
The Egyptian is man and not God, and his horses are flesh and not spirit (Isa. 31:3), signifying that their memory-knowledge [scientificum] is corporeal; "horses" here and elsewhere in the Word denoting the rational. Again:
He shall withdraw to the right hand, and shall be hungry; and he shall devour on the left hand, and they shall not be satisfied; they shall eat everyone the flesh of his own arm (Isa. 9:20), signifying such things as are man's own, which are all corporeal. In the same:
He shall consume from the soul, and even the flesh (Isa. 10:18), where "flesh" signifies corporeal things. Again:
The glory of Jehovah shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together; the voice said, Cry; and he said, What shall I cry? All flesh is grass (Isa. 40:5-6), "flesh" here signifies every man who is corporeal. [3] In the same:
In fire will Jehovah dispute, and with His sword with all flesh, and the slain of Jehovah shall be multiplied (Isa. 66:16), where "fire" signifies the punishment of cupidities; the "sword" the punishment of falsities; and "flesh" the corporeal things of man. In David:
God remembered that they were flesh, a breath that passeth away, and cometh not again (Ps. 78:39), speaking of the people in the wilderness desiring flesh, because they were corporeal; their desiring flesh represented that they desired only things corporeal (Num. 11:32-34).
Elliott(1983-1999) 574
574. 'Flesh' means that man became bodily-minded. This is clear from the meaning of 'flesh' in the Word, where it is used to mean the whole of mankind in general and the bodily-minded man in particular. It is used to mean the whole of mankind in Joel,
I will pour out My spirit on all flesh, and your sons and your daughters will prophesy. Joel 2:28.
'Flesh' stands for mankind, 'spirit' for the influx of truth and good from the Lord. In David, O You that hearest prayer, to You will all flesh come. Ps 65:2.
Here 'flesh' stands for the whole of mankind. In Jeremiah,
Cursed is that man (vir) who trusts in man (homo) and makes flesh his arm. Jer 17:5.
'Flesh' stands for mankind, 'arm' for power. In Ezekiel,
And all flesh will know. Ezek 10:48, 49.
[2] In Zechariah, Be silent, all flesh, before Jehovah. Zech 2:13. Again 'flesh' stands for the whole of mankind. 'Flesh' stands for the bodily-minded man in particular in Isaiah,
The Egyptian is man (homo), and not God; and his horses are flesh and not spirit. Isa 31:3.
'Flesh' here indicates that their factual knowledge is concerned with things of the body. 'Horses' here and elsewhere in the Word stands for the rational. In the same prophet,
One will strike down on the right and will be hungry; and they will eat on the left, and they will not be satisfied. Every man will eat the flesh of his own arm. Isa 9:20.
Here 'flesh' stands for the things that are man's own, all of which are of a bodily nature. In the same prophet,
He will fat up from the soul even to the flesh. Isa 10:18.
'Flesh' stands for bodily things. In the same prophet,
The glory of Jehovah will be revealed, and all flesh will see it together. A voice says, Cry! And he said, What shall I cry? All flesh is grass. Isa 40:5, 6.
'Flesh' stands for the whole of mankind as being bodily-minded.
[3] In the same prophet,
In fire Jehovah will dispute, and by His sword with all flesh, and the slaina of Jehovah will be multiplied. Isa 66:16.'Fire' stands for the punishment of evil desires, 'sword' for the punishment of falsities, and 'flesh' for the bodily things of man. In David,
God remembered that they were flesh, a spirit going away so that it did not turn back. Ps 78:39.This refers to the people in the wilderness who craved for flesh, that is, a bodily-minded people. Their craving for flesh represented their desire for bodily things alone, see Num 11:32-34.
Latin(1748-1756) 574
574. Quod 'caro' significet quod homo corporeus factus, constat ex significatione 'carnis' in Verbo, ubi tam pro omni homine in genere quam pro corporeo in specie sumitur; pro omni homine, apud Joelem, Effundam spiritum Meum super omnem carnem, et prophetabunt filii vestri, et filiae vestrae, iii 1;'caro' pro homine, 'spiritus' pro influxu veri et boni a Domino: apud Davidem, Audiens preces, usque ad Te omnis caro venient, Ps. lxv 3 [A.V.2];
pro omni homine: apud Jeremiam, Maledictus is vir, qui confidet in homine, et ponet carnem brachium suum, xvii 5;
'caro' pro homine, 'brachium' pro potentia: [2] apud Ezechielem, Et {1} scient omnis caro, xxi 4, 5:
apud Zachariam, Sile omnis caro coram Jehovah, ii {x}17;
pro omni homine. Pro corporeo in specie: apud Esaiam, Aegyptius homo, et non Deus; et equi ejus caro, et non spiritus, xxxi 3;
pro quod scientificum eorum sit corporeum; 'equi' hic et alibi in Verbo pro rationali: apud eundem, Recidet {2} ad dextram et esuriet, et comedet ad sinistram, et non saturabuntur, quisque carnem brachii sui comedent, ix 19 [A.V. 20];
pro propriis quae omnia sunt corporea: apud eundem, Ab anima et usque carnem consumet, x 18;
'caro' pro corporeis: apud eundem, Revelabitur gloria Jehovae, et videbunt omnis caro simul,... vox dicit, Clama, et dixit, Quid clamabo? omnis ea caro gramen, xl 5, 6;
[3] 'caro' pro omni homine qui corporeus: apud eundem, In igne Jehovah disceptabit, et gladio Suo cum omni carne, et multiplicabuntur confossi Jehovae, lxvi 16;
'ignis' pro punitione cupiditatum, 'gladius' pro punitione falsitatum, 'caro' pro hominis corporeis: apud Davidem, Deus recordatus, quod caro illi, spiritus vadens, ut non reverteretur, Ps. lxxviii 39;
de populo in deserto desiderante carnem, quod corporei; qui quod desideraverint carnem, repraesentabat quod solum corporea cuperent, Num. xi 32-34. @ 1 ut I.$ @ 2 recedet I.$