SS85.从圣言来说明以下事实纯粹是浪费时间，即：这种看似重复同一件事的表达方式贯穿整部圣言，因为这会占用大量篇幅。但为了消除疑惑，我想引用有“公义和公平”、“民族和人民或百姓”、“欢喜和快乐”等词语的一些经文。公义和公平（译注：公平经上有时译为典章，审判，判断，判语）成双成对出现的经文如下：
那城从前充满了公平、公义居在其中。（以赛亚书1:21）
锡安必因公平得蒙救赎，其中回转的人必因公义得蒙救赎。（以赛亚书1:27）
惟有万军之耶和华因公平而崇高，圣者神因公义显为圣。（以赛亚书5:16）
祂必坐在大卫的宝座治理他的国，以公平公义使国坚定稳固。（以赛亚书9:7）
耶和华被尊崇，因祂居在高处；祂以公平公义充满锡安。（以赛亚书33:5）
耶和华如此说，你们当守公平、行公义，因我的救恩临近，我的公义将要显现。（以赛亚书56:1）
他们好像行公义的民族，不离弃他们神的典章，向我求问公义的审判。（以赛亚书58:2）
你必凭公平、公义、指着永生的耶和华起誓。（耶利米书4:2）
荣耀的那一位必以此为荣耀，就是耶和华在地上施行公平和公义。（耶利米书9:24）
你们要施行公平和公义，那以不公义盖房，以不公平造内室的有祸了。你的父亲也施行公平和公义吗？那时他得了福乐。（耶利米书22:3，13，15）
我要给大卫兴起一个公义的苗裔，他必掌王权，在地上施行公平和公义。（耶利米书23:5；33:15）
人若是公义，行公平公义的事。（以西结书18:5）
恶人若转离他的罪恶，行公平公义的事，他们以前的行为必不被记念；他行了公平公义的事；必定存活。（以西结书33:14，16，19）
我必聘你永远归我；以公义、公平、慈爱、怜悯聘你归我。（何西阿书2:19）
惟愿公平如水流下，使公义如洪流滔滔。（阿摩司书5:24）
你们却使公平变为苦胆，使公义的果子变为茵陈。（阿摩司书6:12）
耶和华要为我辨屈，为我行审判；祂必领我到光明中，我必得见祂的公义。（弥迦书7:9）
耶和华啊，你的公义好像神的高山；你的公平如同大深渊。（诗篇36:6）
耶和华要使你的公义如光发出，使你的公平明如正午。（诗篇37:6）
耶和华要按公义审判你的民，按公平审判你的困苦人。（诗篇72:2）
公义和公平是你宝座的根基。（89:14）
我学了你公义的判语。我因你公义的典章一天七次赞美你。（诗篇119:7，164）
迦得施行耶和华的公义，和他与以色列所立的典章。（申命记33:21）
真理的灵要为公义和为公平指证世人。（约翰福音16:8-10）
还有其它类似经文。经上之所以如此频繁地提到“公平”和“公义”，是因为“公平”论及真理，“公义”论及良善，因此，“行公平公义”表示基于真理和良善行事。“公平”之所以论及真理，“公义”之所以论及良善，是因为主在属灵国度的治理被称为“公平”，在属天国度的治理被称为“公义”。关于这个主题，可参看《天堂与地狱》一书（214-215节）。由于“公平”论及真理，故在一些经文中，我们读到：真理和公义（如以赛亚书11:5；诗篇85:11；以及其它地方）。
85. It would be a waste of time to show from the Word that there are in the Word paired expressions like these that seem like repetitions of the same thing, because that would fill many pages. To banish doubt, though, I would like to cite some passages where judgment and justice occur together, then nation and people, and then joy and gladness.
The following are passages where judgment and justice are paired:
The city used to be full of [good] judgment; justice used to spend its nights there. (Isaiah 1:21)
Zion will be redeemed in justice, and those of her who are brought back, in judgment. (Isaiah 1:27)
Jehovah Sabaoth will be exalted in judgment, and God, the Holy One, will be hallowed in justice. (Isaiah 5:16)
He will sit upon the throne of David and over his kingdom, to establish it in judgment and in justice. (Isaiah 9:7)
Let Jehovah be exalted, because he dwells on high and has filled the earth with judgment and justice. (Isaiah 33:5)
Jehovah says, “Watch over judgment and perform justice, for my salvation is at hand so that my justice may be revealed.” (Isaiah 56:1)
As though they were a nation that did justice and had not abandoned the judgment of their God, they would ask for judgments of justice. (Isaiah 58:2)
Swear by the living Jehovah in judgment and in justice. (Jeremiah 4:2)
The one who glories should glory in this, that Jehovah is bringing about judgment and justice on the earth. (Jeremiah 9:24)
Do judgment and justice. Woe to those who build their house without justice and their upper chambers without judgment. Has not your father done judgment and justice? Then it will be well for him. (Jeremiah 22:3, 13, 15)
I will raise up for David a righteous branch who will rule as king and bring about judgment and justice on earth. (Jeremiah 23:5; 33:15)
If a man is righteous and has practiced judgment and justice... (Ezekiel 18:5)
If the ungodly turn back and practice judgment and justice, [their former deeds] will not be remembered against them. They have practiced judgment and justice; they will surely live. (Ezekiel 33:14, 16)
I will betroth myself to you forever in justice and judgment, and in mercy and compassion. (Hosea 2:19)
Let judgment flow down like water, and justice like a mighty torrent. (Amos 5:24)
You have turned judgment into gall and the fruit of justice into wormwood. (Amos 6:12)
Jehovah will plead my case and bring about a judgment for me. He will lead me into the light, and I will see his justice. (Micah 7:9)
Jehovah, your justice is like the mountains of God; your judgments are a great deep. (Psalms 36:6)
Jehovah will bring forth his justice like light and judgment like noonday. (Psalms 37:6)
Jehovah will judge his people with justice and his needy ones with judgment. (Psalms 72:2)
Justice and judgment are the foundation of your throne. (Psalms 89:14)
... when I will have learned the judgments of your justice. Seven times a day I praise you for the judgments of your justice. (Psalms 119:7, 164)
Gad enacts the justice of Jehovah and his judgment with Israel. (Deuteronomy 33:21)
The Spirit of Truth will convict the world concerning justice and judgment. (John 16:8, 10)
There are other such passages as well.
The reason judgment and justice are mentioned so often is that the Word says “judgment” in reference to what is true and “justice” in reference to what is good; so “doing judgment and justice” also means acting on the basis of what is true and on the basis of what is good.
The reason the Word says “judgment” in reference to what is true and “justice” in reference to what is good is that the Lord’s government in the spiritual kingdom is called “judgment, ” while the Lord’s government in the heavenly kingdom is called “justice” (see Isaiah 11:5, Psalms 85:11, and elsewhere.
85. To show from the Word that there are in it such paired expressions which seem to be repetitious of the same idea would be a tedious task, as it would take pages. However, in order to banish doubt, I would like to cite passages in which judgment and justice (or righteousness) are mentioned together, then passages in which nation and people are mentioned together, and then joy and gladness.
The following are passages in which judgment and justice (or righteousness) are mentioned together:
(The city) was full of judgment; righteousness spent the night.... (Isaiah 1:21)
Zion shall be redeemed in righteousness, and her former exiles in judgment. (Isaiah 1:27)
Let Jehovah Zebaoth be exalted in judgment, and God, the Holy One, shall be hallowed in righteousness. (Isaiah 5:16)
(He will sit) upon the throne of David and over His kingdom, to...establish it with judgment and justice.... (Isaiah 9:7)
Let Jehovah be exalted, for He dwells on high, and He has filled Zion with judgment and righteousness. (Isaiah 33:5)
...said Jehovah: “Maintain judgment, and do righteousness; for My salvation is near..., that My righteousness may be revealed. (Isaiah 56:1)
...as a nation that did righteousness, and did not forsake the judgment of their God. They will ask of Me the judgments of justice. (Isaiah 58:2)
...swear, “as Jehovah lives, ” ...in judgment, and in righteousness. (Jeremiah 4:2)
...let him who glories glory in this..., that...Jehovah...(exercises)...judgment and righteousness in the earth. (Jeremiah 9:24)
Execute judgment and righteousness.... Woe to him who builds his house without righteousness, and his upper rooms without judgment.... Did not your father...do judgment and righteousness? (And) then it was well with him. (Jeremiah 22:3, 13, 15)
...I will raise to David a righteous Branch, who shall reign...as a king, and execute judgment and righteousness in the earth. (Jeremiah 23:5, cf. 33:15)
If a man is just, who does judgment and justice.... (Ezekiel 18:5)
...if (the impious man) turns from his sin and does judgment and justice..., no mention...will be made against him; he has done judgment and justice; he shall surely live. (Ezekiel 33:14, 16, cf. 33:19)
I will betroth you to Me forever...in righteousness and judgment, and in mercy and compassion. (Hosea 2:19)
Judgment shall flow like water, and righteousness like a mighty torrent. (Amos 5:24)
...you have turned judgment into gall, and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood. (Amos 6:12)
...(Jehovah) pleads my case and executes judgment for me, (and) brings me forth into the light, and I see His righteousness. (Micah 7:9)
O Jehovah, Your righteousness is like the mountains of God; Your judgments are a great ocean. (Psalms 36:6)
(Jehovah) shall bring forth your righteousness as the light, and your judgment as noonday. (Psalms 37:6)
(Jehovah) will judge Your people with righteousness, and Your wretched with judgment. (Psalms 72:2)
Righteousness and judgment are the foundation of Your throne. (Psalms 89:14)
...when I learn the judgments of Your rightousness.... Seven times a day I praise You, because of the judgments of Your righteousness. (Psalms 119:7, 164)
(Gad) administered the justice of Jehovah, and His judgment with Israel. (Deuteronomy 33:21)
(The Spirit of truth) will indict the world...of righteousness, and of judgment.... (John 16:8, 10)
And so on elsewhere.
[2] Judgment and justice are mentioned so frequently because judgment is predicated of truths, and justice or righteousness of goodness. To execute judgment and justice, therefore, also means to be prompted to do so by truth and by goodness.
Judgment is predicated of truth, and justice or righteousness of goodness, because the Lord’s government in the spiritual kingdom is said to be one of judgment, while the Lord’s government in the celestial kingdom is said to be one of righteousness. Regarding this, see the book Isaiah 11:5, Psalms 85:11, and elsewhere.
85. It would be tedious to show from the Word that such double expressions occur there, apparently repetitions of the same thing, for this would fill pages. But in order to remove all doubt, I will quote some passages where judgment and justice (or righteousness) are used together, then also nation and people, and also joy and gladness. The following are passages where judgment and justice are named together:
The city ... was full of judgment, and righteousness lodged in her. Isaiah 1:21.
Zion shall be redeemed in righteousness, and they that return of her in judgment. Isaiah 1:27.
Jehovah of hosts shall be exalted in judgment, and the holy God shall be sanctified in righteousness. Isaiah 5:16.
He shall sit upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom ... to establish it in judgment and in righteousness. Isaiah 9:7.
Jehovah shall be exalted; for He dwelleth on high: He hath filled the earth (A.V. Zion) with judgment and righteousness. Isaiah 33:5.
Thus saith Jehovah, Keep ye judgment, and do justice: for my salvation is near, that my righteousness may be revealed. Isaiah 56:1.
As a nation that did righteousness and forsook not the judgment of their God: they ask ... the judgments of justice. Isaiah 58:2.
Swear by the living Jehovah... in judgment and in righteousness. Jeremiah 4:2.
Let him that glorieth glory in this...that Jehovah doeth judgment and righteousness in the earth. Jeremiah 9:24.
Execute ye judgment and righteousness... Woe unto him that buildeth his house without righteousness, and his chambers without judgment. Did not thy father... do judgment and justice, and then it was well with him? Jeremiah 22:3, 13, 15.
I will raise unto David a righteous branch, and He shall reign as King... and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth. Jeremiah 23:5; 33:15.
If a man be just, and do judgment and justice. Ezekiel 18:5.
If the wicked man turn from his sin, and do judgment and justice ... It shall not be mentioned unto him: he hath done judgment and justice; he shall surely live. Ezekiel 33:14, 16, 19.
I will betroth thee unto me for ever ... in righteousness and in judgment, and in loving-kindness, and in mercies. Hosea 2:19.
Let judgment run down as water, and righteousness as a mighty stream. Amos 5:24.
Ye have turned judgment into gall, and the fruit of righteousness into hemlock. Amos 6:12.
Jehovah will plead my cause, and execute judgment for me: He will bring me forth to the light, and I shall behold His righteousness. Micah 7:9.
O Jehovah, thy righteousness is like the mountains of God; thy judgments are a great deep. Psalms 36:6.
Jehovah shall bring forth thy righteousness as the light; and thy judgment as the noon-day. Psalms 37:6.
Jehovah shall judge His (A.V. thy) people in righteousness and His (A.V. thy) poor in judgment. Psalms 72:2.
Justice and judgment are the support (A.V. habitation) of thy throne. Psalms 89:14.
When I shall have learned the judgments of thy righteousness... Seven times a day do I praise thee because of the judgments of thy righteousness. Psalms 119:7, 164.
Gad executes the justice of Jehovah, and His judgment with Israel. Deuteronomy 33:21.
The spirit of truth will reprove the world . . . of righteousness and of judgment. John 16:8, 10-11; and elsewhere.
Judgment and justice are so often mentioned because judgment is predicated of truths, and justice of good. Therefore by executing judgment and justice is also meant to act from truth and from good. The reason why judgment is predicated of truth and justice of good is, that the Lord's government in the spiritual kingdom is called judgment, and the Lord's government in the celestial kingdom is called justice. On this subject see the work Isaiah 11:5; Psalms 85:11; and elsewhere.
85. That such pairs of expressions which appear like repetitions of the same thing, run through the Word, would be too prolix a matter to show from the Word, for whole sheets could be filled with it; but to remove all doubt about it I will quote passages in which occur the expressions "righteousness" (or "justice") and "judgment," "nation" and "people," and "joy" and "gladness." First, "righteousness" and "judgment:"
The city was full of judgment, righteousness lodged in her (Isa. 1:21).
Zion shall be redeemed in judgment, and they that return of her in righteousness (Isa. 1:27).
Jehovah Zebaoth shall be exalted in judgment, and God the Holy One shall be sanctified in righteousness (Isaiah 5:16).
He shall sit upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to establish it in judgment and in righteousness (Isa. 9:7).
Jehovah shall be exalted, for He dwelleth on high; He hath filled Zion with judgment and righteousness (Isa. 33:5).
Thus saith Jehovah, Keep ye judgment, and do righteousness, for My salvation is near, that My righteousness may be revealed (Isa. 56:1).
As a nation that did righteousness, and forsook not the judgment of their God; they ask of Me the judgments of righteousness (Isaiah 58:2).
Swear by the living Jehovah in judgment and in righteousness (Jer. 4:2).
Let him that glorieth glory in this, that Jehovah doeth judgment and righteousness in the earth (Jer. 9:24).
Do ye judgment and righteousness. Woe unto him that buildeth his house without righteousness, and his chambers without judgment. Did not thy father do judgment and righteousness? And then it was well with him (Jer. 22:3, 13, 15).
I will raise unto David a righteous offshoot, and He shall reign as king, and shall do judgment and justice in the land (Jeremiah 23:5; 33:15).
If a man be just, and do judgment and righteousness (Ezekiel 18:5).
If the wicked turn from his sin, and do judgment and righteousness, it shall not be mentioned against him; he hath done judgment and righteousness; he shall surely live (Ezekiel 33:14, 16, 19).
I will betroth thee unto Me to eternity; in righteousness and in judgment; and in mercy and in compassions (Hosea 2:19).
Let judgment flow as water, and righteousness as a mighty torrent (Amos 5:24).
Ye have turned judgment into gall, and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood (Amos 6:12).
Jehovah will plead my cause, and execute judgment for me; He will bring me forth into the light, and I shall behold His righteousness (Micah 7:9).
O Jehovah, Thy righteousness is like the mountains of God; Thy judgments are a great abyss (Ps. 36:6).
Jehovah will bring forth thy righteousness as the light, and thy judgment as the noonday (Psalms 37:6).
Jehovah shall judge thy people in righteousness, and thy miserable in judgment (Psalms 72:2).
Righteousness and judgment are the support of Thy throne (89:14).
When I shall have learned the judgments of Thy righteousness. Seven times a day do I praise Thee, because of the judgments of Thy righteousness (Ps. 119:7, 164).
God executeth the justice of Jehovah, and His judgment with Israel (Deuteronomy 33:21).
The spirit of truth shall convict the world in respect of righteousness, and of judgment (John 16:8-9,10.)
The reason "judgment" and "righteousness" are mentioned so frequently is that "judgment" is predicated of truths, and "righteousness" of good, and therefore to "do judgment and righteousness" means to act from truth and from good. The reason "judgment" is predicated of truth, and "righteousness" of good is that the Lord's government in the spiritual kingdom is called "judgment," and in the celestial kingdom "righteousness" (on which subject see Heaven and Hell, n. Isaiah 11:5; Psalms 85:11).
85. Quod binae tales expressiones in Verbo sint, quae apparent sicut repetitiones ejusdem rei, prolixum foret ex Verbo ostendere, nam chartas impleret. Sed ut tollatur dubium, velim loca afferre ubi "Judicium et Justitia" simul dicuntur, tum ubi "Gens et Populus," ut et ubi "Gaudium et Laetitia." Loca ubi "Judicium" et simul "Justitia" nominantur, haec sint:-
"Urbs... plena erat judicio, justitia pernoctabat" (Esaias 1:21).
"Zion in justitia redimetur, et reduces ejus in judicio" (Esaias 1:27).
"Exaltetur Jehovah Zebaoth in judicio, et Deus sanctus sanctificetur in justitia" (Esaias 5:16).
Sedebit "super throno Davidis et super regno ejus, ad stabiliendum illud... in judicio et in justitia" (Esaias 9:6). 1
"Exaltetur Jehovah, quia inhabitat altum, et implevit terram 2judicio et justitia" (Esaias 33:5).
"Dixit Jehovah, Custodite judicium et facite justitiam; quia prope est salus mea... ut justitia mea reveletur" (Esaias 56:1).
"Quasi gens quae justitiam fecit, et judicium Dei sui non deseruit: rogent... judicia justitiae" (Esaias 58:2).
"Jura per vivum Jehovam in... judicio et in justitia" (Jeremias 4:2).
"De hoc glorietur qui gloriatur, ... quod Jehovah faciat... judicium et justitiam in terra" (Jeremias 9:23). 3
"Facite 4judicium et justitiam... Vae aedificanti domum suam sine justitia, et hyperoa sua sine judicio... Nonne pater tuus... fecit judicium et justitiam, et tunc bene illi?" (Jeremias 22:3, 13, 15). 5
"Suscitabo Davidi germen justum, qui regnet Rex... et faciat judicium et justitiam in terra" (Jeremias 23:5; 33:15).
"Si vir fuerit justus, qui fecerit judicium et justitiam" (Ezechiel 18:5).
Si impius "reversus fuerit, et fecerit judicium et justitiam, non fiet mentio contra eum, judicium et justitiam fecit, vivendo vivet" (Ezechiel 33:14, 16, 19).
"Desponsabo Me tibi 6in aeternum... in justitia et in judicio; et in misericordia et in miserationibus" (Hoschea 2:19).
"Fluet sicut aqua judicium, et justitia sicut torrens fortis" (Amos 5:24).
"Convertistis judicium in fel, et fructum justitiae in absinthium" (Amos 6:12).
Jehovah "litiget litem meam, et faciat judicium mihi, et educat me in lucem, et videam justitiam Ipsius" (Micham 7:9).
"Jehovah, justitia tua sicut montes Dei, judicia tua abyssus magna" (Psalm 36:7). 7
Jehovah "educet sicut lucem justitiam tuam, 8et judicium (tuum) sicut meridiem" (Psalm 37:6).
Jehovah "judicabit populum suum 9in justitia, et miseros 10suos in judicio" (Psalm 72:2).
"Justitia et judicium fulcrum throni tui" ( 11Psalm 89:15). 12
"Cum didicero judicia justitiae tuae... Septies in die laudo Te, super judiciis justitiae tuae" (Psalm 119:7, 164).
Gad "justitiam Jehovae facit, et judicium Ipsius cum Israele" (Deuteronomius 33:21).
Spiritus veritatis "arguet mundum... de justitia et de judicio" (Johannes 16:8, 10).
(Et alibi.)
Quod judicium et justitia toties dicantur, est quia judicium dicitur de veris, et justitia de bono; quare per "facere judicium et justitiam" etiam intelligitur facere ex vero et ex bono. Quod judicium dicatur de vero, et justitia de bono, est quia regimen Domini in regno spirituali vocatur judicium, et regimen Domini in regno caelesti vocatur justitia (de quo videatur in opere De Caelo et Inferno 214-215). Quia judicium dicitur de vero, ideo in quibusdam locis dicitur
"Veritas et justitia" (ut Esaias 11:5; Psalm 85:12; 13et alibi).
Footnotes:
1. B. A. habet Esaias 9:7 pro "Esaias 9:6"
2. "terram:"- sic editio princeps; vide autem Arcana Coelestia 2235, ubi legimus "Zionem," quod textum Hebraicum rectius interpretatur."
3. B. A. habet Jeremias 9:24 pro "Jeremias 9:23"
4. Facite pro "Facito" (vide Arcana Coelestia 4844)."
5. 22 pro "32"
6. "Me tibi:"- sic editio princeps; vide autem Arcana Coelestia 9182, ubi legimus "te Mihi," quod textum Hebraei, rectius interpretatur."
7. B. A. habet Psalm 36:6 pro "Psalm 36:7"
8. tuam pro "suam" vide Arcana Coelestia 1458)."
9. "suum"- sic editio princeps; sic quoque Arcana Coelestia 9209, Apocalypsis Revelata 668, Vera Christiana Religio 51: tuum rectius interpretaretur textum Hebraeum."
10. "suos- sic editio princeps; sic quoque Arcana Coelestia 9209, Apocalypsis Revelata 668, Vera Christiana Religio 51: tuos rectius interpretaretur textum Hebraeum."
11. Psalm 89:15 (B. A. 14) pro "Psalm 79:5"
12. B. A. habet Psalm 89:14 pro "Psalm 89:15"
13. B. A. habet Psalm 85:11 pro "Psalm 85:12"