301. 第三誡 當記念安息日, 守為聖日。六日要勞碌做你一切的工, 但第七日是向耶和華你上帝當守的安息日
第三誡內容, 參看出埃及記20:8-10以及申命記5:12-14節。其屬世之義, 也就是文字意義, 指的是六天屬於我們以及我們的工作, 而第七天屬於主以及祂賜給我們的休息。"安息"一詞的原意為休息。
在以色列民中, 安息日是奉行的至聖習俗, 因其代表主。六日代表祂的勞苦以及與地獄的爭戰, 第七日代表祂勝過眾地獄,因而休息。這一天的神聖在於那一天代表全部救贖之功的完成。
然而, 當主降世時, 這種形式的代表意義就此停止了, 那一天就轉而成為教導聖事的一天, 勞苦後休息的一天, 思想關於拯救和永恆生命的一天, 愛我們鄰舍的一天。
主在安息日於聖殿和會堂教訓人, 可得知安息日可成為教導聖事的日子(馬可福音6:2;路加福音4:16, 31-32; 13:10)。在安息日, 主還對一個祂醫好的人說:"拿起你的褥子走吧。"還對法利賽人說, 祂的門徒可以在安息日掐麥穗吃(馬太福音12:1-9;馬可福音2:23-28;路加福音6:1-6;約翰福音5:9-19)。這些細節的屬靈意義指向教義方面事情的教導。
安息日可成為愛我們鄰舍的日子, 這個事實可見主的行為和教訓(馬太福音12:10-14;馬可福音3:1-9;路加福音6:6-12; 13:10-18; 14:1-7;約翰福音5:9-19; 7:22-23; 9:14, 16)。
所有這些章節可清楚說明為何主說祂實際上是安息日之主(馬太福音12:8;馬可福音2:28;路加福音6:5), 從祂所言可得出, 此日代表祂。
301. The Third Commandment
Remember the Sabbath Day in Order to Keep It Holy;
for Six Days You Will Labor and Do All Your Work,
but the Seventh Day Is the Sabbath for Jehovah Your God
This is the third commandment, as you can see in Exodus 20:8-10; and Deuteronomy 5:12-14. In the earthly meaning, which is the literal meaning, it indicates that there are six days that belong to us and our labors, and a seventh day that belongs to the Lord and to the peaceful rest that he gives us. In the original language "Sabbath" means rest.
The Sabbath was the holiest thing among the children of Israel because it represented the Lord. The six days represented his labors and battles with the hells. The seventh day represented his victory over the hells and the resulting rest. That day was holiness itself because it represented the completion of the Lord's entire redemption.
When the Lord came into the world, however, and therefore symbols representing him were no longer needed, the Sabbath day was turned into a day for instruction in divine things, for rest from labors, for meditating on things related to salvation and eternal life, and for loving our neighbor.
It is clear that the Sabbath became a day for instruction in divine things, because the Lord taught on the Sabbath day in the Temple and in synagogues (Mark 6:2; Luke 4:16, 31-32; 13:10). On the Sabbath the Lord also said to a healed person, "Take up your bed and walk;" and he told the Pharisees that it was acceptable for the disciples to pick ears of corn and eat them on the Sabbath day (Matthew 12:1-9; Mark 2:23-28; Luke 6:1-6; John 5:9-19). In the spiritual meaning, these details all stand for being instructed in religious teachings.
The fact that the Sabbath day turned into a day for loving our neighbor is clear from the Lord's practice and teaching (Matthew 12:10-14; Mark 3:1-9; Luke 6:6-12; 13:10-18; 14:1-7; John 5:9-19; 7:22-23; 9:14, 16).
All these passages make it clear why the Lord said that he was in fact the Lord of the Sabbath (Matthew 12:8; Mark 2:28; Luke 6:5). It follows from this saying of his that [before he came] the Sabbath day used to represent him.
301. THE THIRD COMMANDMENT
Remember to keep the Sabbath day holy; for six days you are to labour and do all your work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath for Jehovah your God.
For this third commandment, see Exodus 20:8-10; In the natural or literal sense this means that six days are for man and his work, and the seventh is for the Lord, and for Him to give man rest. Sabbath in the language of the original means rest. Among the Children of Israel the Sabbath was the holiest of observances, because it represented the Lord. The six days represented the Lord's toils and battles against the hells, the seventh His victory over them, and so rest. Since that day represented the completion of the Lord's whole act of redemption, it was for that reason the height of holiness. When, however, the Lord came into the world, so that representations of Him ceased, that day became a day for instruction in Divine matters, and also a day of rest from work, for meditation about matters conducive to salvation and everlasting life, and a day for love towards the neighbour. Its being a day for instruction in Divine matters is plain from the fact that the Lord taught in the Temple and in synagogues on that day (Mark 6:2; Luke 4:16, 31-32; 13:10). Also from His saying to the man He had cured, 'Pick up your bed and walk', and to the Pharisees, that His disciples might pick ears of grain and eat them on the Sabbath day (Matthew 12:1-9; Mark 2:23-end; Luke 6:1-6; John 5:9-19).
All these details mean in the spiritual sense being instructed on matters of doctrine. The things the Lord did and taught show that that day also became a day for love towards the neighbour (Matthew 12:10-14; Mark 3:1-9; Luke 6:6-12; 13:10-18; 14:1-7; John 5:9-19; 7:22-23; 9:14, 16). Both of those sets of passages make it plain why the Lord said that He was also Lord of the Sabbath (Matthew 12:8; Mark 2:28; Luke 6:5). It follows from His saying this that that day was to represent Him.
301. THE THIRD COMMANDMENT.
REMEMBER THE SABBATH DAY TO KEEP IT HOLY SIX DAYS SHALT THOU LABOR AND DO ALL THY WORK; BUT THE SEVENTH DAY IS THE SABBATH OF JEHOVAH THY GOD.
This is the third commandment, as may be seen from Exodus 20:8-10, and Deuteronomy 5:12-14. In the natural sense, which is the sense of the letter, it means that six days are for man and his labors, and the seventh for the Lord and rest for man from the Lord. In the original tongue Sabbath signifies rest. With the children of Israel the Sabbath, because it represented the Lord, was the sanctity of sanctities, the six days representing His labors and conflicts with the hells, and the seventh His victory over them, and consequent rest; and as that day was a representative of the close of the whole of the Lord's work of redemption, it was holiness itself. But when the Lord came into the world, and in consequence representations of Him ceased, that day became a day of instruction in Divine things, and thus also a day of rest from labors and of meditation on such things as relate to salvation and eternal life, as also a day of love towards the neighbor. That it became a day of instruction in Divine things is evident from this,
That on that day the Lord taught in the temple and in synagogues (Mark 6:2; Luke 4:16, 31, 32:, 13:10)
And that He said to the man who was healed, Take up thy bed and walk and to the Pharisees that it was lawful for His disciples on the Sabbath day to pluck the ears of corn and eat (Matthew 12:1-9; Mark 2:23-28; Luke 6:1-6; John 5:9-19), each of these particulars signifying in the spiritual sense instruction in doctrinals. That that day was made also a day of love towards the neighbor is evident from what the Lord did and taught on that day (Matthew 12:10-14; Mark 3:1-9; Luke 6:6-12; 13:10-18; 14:1-7; John 5:9-19; 7:22, 23; 9:14, 16).
From all this it is evident why the Lord said,
That He is Lord also of the Sabbath (Matthew 12:8; Mark 2:28; Luke 6:5);
and because He said this, it follows that that day was a representative of Him.
301. THE THIRD COMMANDMENT
REMEMBER THE SABBATH DAY TO KEEP IT HOLY. SIX DAYS SHALT THOU LABOR AND DO ALL THY WORK; BUT THE SEVENTH DAY IS THE SABBATH TO JEHOVAH THY GOD.
That this is the third commandment may be seen from Exodus 20:8-10; and Deuteronomy 5:12-14. In the natural sense, which is the sense of the Letter, this commandment means that six days are for man and his labors; and the seventh for the Lord, and for man's rest which comes from Him. Sabbath in the original tongue means rest. The sabbath with the children of Israel was the sanctity of sanctities, because it represented the Lord, the six days representing His labors and combats with the hells, and the seventh His victory over them, and thus rest; and because the sabbath day was representative of the fitting end of the whole of the Lord's work of redemption, therefore it was holiness itself. However, when the Lord came into the world, and representations of Him consequently ceased, that day became a day of instruction in Divine things, and thus also a day of rest from labors, and of meditation on such matters as pertain to salvation and eternal life; and also a day for the exercise of love towards the neighbor. It became a day of instruction in Divine things, as is evident from the fact:
the Lord on that day taught in the Temple and in the synagogues, Mark 6:2; Luke 4:10, 31-32; 13:10; and that He said to the man who was healed, "Take up thy bed and walk;" and to the Pharisees, that it was lawful for His disciples on the sabbath day to gather the ears of corn, and eat. Matthew 12:1-9; Mark 2:23-28; Luke 6:1-6; John 5:9-19.
All these things in the spiritual sense signify instruction in matters of doctrine. That day also became a day for the exercise of love towards the neighbor, as is evident from what the Lord both did and taught on the sabbath day,
Matthew 12:10-14; Mark 3:1-9; Luke 6:6-12; 13:10-18; 14:1-7; John 5:9-19; 7:22-23; 9:14, 16.
These and the previous passages show why the Lord said:
He is the Lord also of the sabbath. Matthew 12:8; Mark 2:28; Luke 6:5;
and because He said this, it follows that the sabbath day was representative of Him.
301. TERTIUM PRAECEPTUM.
Memento Diei Sabbathi, ut sanctifices eum; sex dies laborabis, et facies omne opus tuum, at dies septimus Sabbathum Jehovae Deo tuo.
Quod hoc sit Tertium Praeceptum, videatur Exodus 20:8-10, et Deuteronomius 5:12-13, 1 per hoc in SENSU NATURALI, qui est Sensus literae, intelligitur, quod sex dies sint pro homine et ejus laboribus, et Septimus pro Domino, et pro quiete hominis ex Ipso; Sabbathum in Lingua originali significat Quietem. Sabbathum apud filios Israelis fuit Sanctitas sanctitatum, quia repraesentabat Dominum, sex dies Ipsius labores et pugnas cum Infernis, et Septimus Ipsius victoriam super illa, et sic Quietem; et quia dies ille erat repraesentativus clausulae totius Redemptionis Domini, ideo erat ille ipsa Sanctitas. At vero cum Dominus in Mundum venit, et inde Repraesentationes Ipsius cessaverunt, factus est Dies ille dies instructionis in Divinis rebus, et sic etiam dies quietis a laboribus, ac meditationis in talibus quae salutis et vitae aeternae sunt, ut et dies amoris erga proximum. Quod factus sit 2 dies instructionis in rebus Divinis, patet ex eo, quod Dominus Die illo docuerit in Templo et Synagogis, Marcus 6:2; 3 Luca 4:16, 31-32; 13:10, et quod dixerit Sanato, Tolle lectum et ambula; et ad Pharisaeos, quod licuerit Discipulis die Sabbathi colligere spicas et comedere, Matthaeus 12:1-9, Marcus 2:23. ad fin., Luca 6:1-6, Johannes 5:9-19; per quae singula in Sensu spirituali significatur instrui in doctrinalibus; quod Dies ille etiam factus sit Dies amoris erga proximum, constat ex illis, quae Dominus die Sabbathi fecit et docuit, Matthaeus 12:10-14, Marcus 3:1-9, Luca 6:6-12; 13:10-17, 4 14:1-6, 5 Johannes 5:9-19; 7:22-23; 9:14, 16. Ex 6 his et illis patet, cur Dominus dixit, quod etiam sit Dominus Sabbathi, Matthaeus 12:8; Marcus 2:28; Luca 6:5 et quia hoc dixit, sequitur, quod dies ille fuerit repraesentativus Ipsius.
Footnotes:
1. Prima editio: Deuteronomius 5:12-13
2. Prima editio: fit.
3. Prima editio: Luca 4:2.
4. Prima editio: 18.
5. Prima editio: 7.
6. Prima editio: Et.