1156、“以利沙、他施、基提、多单”是指如此多的民族，这种敬拜就存在于这些民族当中，他们还表示如此多的教义，也就是源于雅完所采用的外在敬拜的仪式。这从以下先知书中的经文清楚看出来，论到以利沙，以西结书上说：
你的帆是用埃及绣花细麻布作的，可以作你的大旗；你的篷是用以利沙岛的蓝色、紫色布作的。（以西结书27:7）
此处论述的主题是推罗，推罗表示那些拥有属天和属灵的仪式，也就是认知的人；“埃及绣花”表示记忆知识，因而表示代表属灵事物的仪式；“以利沙岛的蓝色、紫色布”表示与内在敬拜相对应的仪式，因而表示属天事物的代表。在这种情况下，以利沙用于正面意义。论到“他施”，以赛亚书上说：
我要差遣他们当中的逃脱者到列族去，就是到他施、普勒、拉弓的路德和土巴、雅完，并辽远海岛。（以赛亚书66:19）
同一先知书：
他施的船只都要哀号，因为推罗已经荒废，甚至没有房屋可入。这是从基提地向他们披露的。（以赛亚书23:1，14）
其它地方也提到了他施（以赛亚书60:9；耶利米书10:9；以西结书27:12；诗篇48:7；）；在这些地方，它表示仪式，也就是教义。论到基提，耶利米书上说：
你们且过到基提海岛去察看，到基达仔细查考，看曾有这样的事没有？（耶利米书2:10）
以赛亚书：
他又说，受欺压西顿的处女哪，你必不得再欢乐。起来，过到基提去，就是在那里也不得安歇。（以赛亚书23:12）
此处“基提”表示仪式。以西结书：
用巴珊的橡树作你的桨，用象牙，就是基提海岛台阶的女儿作甲板。（以西结书27:6）
这论及推罗。“基提海岛的甲板”表示敬拜的外在，因而表示仪式，它们属于属天事物的类别。摩西五经：
必有船从基提岸边而来，苦害亚述，苦害希伯。（民数记24:24）
此处“基提”也表示外在敬拜或仪式。由此清楚可知，就内义而言，所有这些名字都表示真实事物，这些真实事物按自己的规律顺序和联系出现。
New Century Edition
Cooper(2008,2013)
[NCE]1156. Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim were individual nations where this form of worship existed, and they symbolize individual doctrinal systems that consisted in rituals derived from the outward worship adopted by Javan. The following passages from the prophets demonstrate this.
Elishah comes up in Ezekiel:
Fine linen with embroidery from Egypt was what you spread out to serve you as a banner. Blue-violet and red-violet fabric from the islands of Elishah was your covering. (Ezekiel 27:7)
This describes Tyre, which symbolizes people who own heavenly and spiritual riches, or knowledge. Embroidery from Egypt stands for facts and so for ritual that represents spiritual traits.{*1} Blue-violet and red-violet fabric from the islands of Elishah stands for ritual that corresponds to inward worship and so for ritual that represents heavenly traits. Elishah appears in its positive meaning here.
Of Tarshish, Isaiah says:
I will send some of them — escapees — to the nations Tarshish, Put{*2} and Lud (drawing the bow), Tubal and Javan (the distant islands). (Isaiah 66:19)
[2] In the same author:
Howl, you ships of Tarshish, because Tyre has been wiped out, so that there is not a house to enter. This has been revealed to them from the land of Kittim. (Isaiah 23:1, 14)
There is more on Tarshish in Isaiah 60:9; Jeremiah 10:9; Ezekiel 27:12; and Psalms 48:7; and in these places it stands for ritual, or in other words, doctrinal affairs.
Kittim is mentioned in Jeremiah:
Go over into the islands of Kittim{*3} and see, and into Arabia and pay close attention: has anything like this ever happened? (Jeremiah 2:10)
And in Isaiah:
He said, "You must no longer continue to gloat, oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon. Get up, go over to Kittim; even there you will have no rest." (Isaiah 23:12)
Kittim stands for ritual. In Ezekiel:
Of oaks from Bashan they made your oars; your planking they made of ivory — the daughter of steps{*4} from the islands of Kittim. (Ezekiel 27:6)
This is about Tyre. Ship planking from the islands of Kittim stands for outward acts of worship — and so for ritual — belonging to the heavenly category. In Moses:
Ships [are coming] from the shore of Kittim, and they will harry Assyria, and they will harry Eber. (Numbers 24:24)
Here too Kittim stands for outward worship and so for ritual.
Such things go to show that on a deeper level all these names symbolize inner phenomena, arranged in their proper order.
Footnotes:
{*1} The "facts" that have to do with representative ritual are those that detail the representative meaning of ritual objects and actions. See 1195, 1462, 4964, 4966, and other sections listed in 9688:3. [LHC]
{*2} For details on the reading of "Put" as opposed to "Pul," see note 1 in 1158. [Editors]
{*3} Josephus says that Kittim settled in Cyprus: "And from that it is that all islands, and the greatest part of the sea-coasts, are named Cethim [Kittim] by the Hebrews" (Josephus n.d., 40). [RS]
{*4} The Latin phrase here translated "the daughter of steps" (filiam gressuum) preserves the obscurity of the underlying phrase in the Hebrew original. [LHC]
Potts(1905-1910) 1156
1156. Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim. That these were so many nations, with whom there was such worship, and that they signify so many doctrinals which were rituals, derived from the external worship with Javan, may be seen from the following passages in the Prophets. Of "Elishah" it is written in Ezekiel:
Fine linen with broidered work from Egypt was thy spreading forth, that it might be to thee for an ensign; blue and crimson from the Isles of Elishah were thy covering (Ezek. 27:7). The subject here treated of is Tyre, by which they are signified who possess celestial and spiritual riches, or knowledges; "embroidered work from Egypt" denotes memory-knowledges, and thus rituals representative of spiritual things; "blue and crimson from the isles of Elishah," rituals corresponding to internal worship, thus representatives of celestial things. The words are here used in the genuine sense. Of "Tarshish" in Isaiah:
I will send such as escape of them unto the nations, to Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, that draw the bow, to Tubal and Javan, to the Isles afar off (Isa. 66:19). Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for Tyre is laid waste, so that there is no house for entering in; from the land of Kittim it is revealed to them (Isa. 23:1, 14). And further concerning Tarshish in Isa. 40:9; Jer. 10:9; Ezek. 27:12; Ps. 48:7-where it denotes rituals, that is, doctrinals. Of "Kittim" in Jeremiah:
Pass over to the isles of Kittim and see; and to Arabia, and consider diligently, whether there hath been such a thing (Jer. 2:10). And in Isaiah:
Thou shalt no more rejoice, O thou oppressed virgin daughter of Zidon; arise, pass over to Kittim; even there shalt thou have no rest (Isa. 33:12), where "Kittim" denotes rituals. In Ezekiel:
Of the oaks of Bashan have they made thine oars; they have made thy planks of ivory, the daughter of steps, from the isles of Kittim (Ezek. 27:6). This is said of Tyre; "the planks of a ship from the isles of Kittim" denotes externals of worship-thus rituals-which have reference to the class of celestial things. In Moses:
Ships shall come from the coast of Kittim, and they shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber (Num. 24:24), where also "Kittim" denotes external worship, or rituals. Hence it is evident that in the internal sense by all these names are signified actual things [res], which actual things stand in their own regular order and connection.
Elliott(1983-1999) 1156
1156. 'Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim' were just so many nations with whom such worship existed, and who mean just so many types of matters of doctrine which were forms of ritual, derived from the external worship existing with 'Javan'. This becomes clear from the following places in the Prophets:
Elishah is referred to in Ezekiel,
Fine linen with embroidered work from Egypt was your sail, that it might be to you an ensign; violet and purple from the islands of Elishah was your covering. Ezek 27:7.
This refers to Tyre, which means people who possess celestial and spiritual riches, which are cognitions. 'Embroidered work from Egypt' stands for facts, and so for forms of ritual representative of spiritual things. 'Violet and purple from the islands of Elishah' stands for forms of ritual corresponding to internal worship, and so for representatives of celestial things. In this case Elishah is used in the genuine sense.
Tarshish is referred to in Isaiah,
I will send survivors from them to the nations, to Tarshish, Put, and Lud, who draw the bow, to Tubal and Javan, islands far off. Isa 66:19.
In the same prophet,
Wail, O ships of Tarshish, for Tyre has been laid waste, so that there is no house for entering in. From the land of Kittima it has been revealed to them. Isa 23:1, 14.
Tarshish is again referred to in Isa 60:9; Jer 10:9; Ezek 27:12; Ps 48:7, where it stands for forms of ritual, that is, types of doctrinal teachings.Kittim is referred to in Jeremiah,
Pass over into the islands of Kittim and see, and into Arabiab and examine thoroughly, if there has been such a thing. Jer 2:10.
And in Isaiah,
He said, You will no more exult, O oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon; arise, pass over to Kittim; even there you will have no rest. Isa 23:12.
Here 'Kittim' stands for forms of ritual. In Ezekiel,
Of oaks of Bashan they made your oars; your plank they made of ivory, a daughter of stepsc from the isles of Kittim. Ezek 27:6.
This refers to Tyre. Ships' planks or benches 'from the isles of Kittim' stands for the external expression of worship, and so for forms of ritual, which belong to the branch of celestial things. In Moses,
Ships from the coast of Kittim [will come]' and they will afflict Asshur, and they will afflict Eber. Num 24:24.
Here also 'Kittim' stands for external worship, that is, for forms of ritual. From this it becomes clear that all these names in the internal sense mean real things, which occur in their own connected sequence.
Latin(1748-1756) 1156
1156. 'Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim et Dodanim': quod fuerint totidem gentes apud quas talis cultus et quod per eas significentur totidem doctrinalia, quae fuerunt ritualia, derivata a cultu externo apud Javan, constare potest ab his apud Prophetas locis; de Elishah apud Ezechielem, Byssus in acupictura ex Aegypto fuit expansio tua, ut esset tibi in signum: hyacinthinum et purpura ex insulis Elishah fuit tegumentum tuum, xxvii 7;ubi de Tyro, per quam significantur qui possident divitias caelestes et spirituales seu cognitiones; 'acupictura ex Aegypto' pro scientificis, et sic pro ritualibus repraesentativis spiritualium; 'hyacinthinum et purpura ex insulis Elishah' pro ritualibus correspondentibus cultui interno, ita pro repraesentativis caelestium; hic in sensu genuino. De Tarshish apud Esaiam, Mittam ex illis evasores ad gentes Tarshish, (x)Pul et Lud trahentes arcum; Tubal et Javan insulas longinquas, lxvi 19:
apud eundem, Ejulate naves Tarshishi, quia devastata est Tyrus, ut non sit domus pro intrando; e terra Kittim manifestum hoc eis, xxiii 1, 14;
et porro de Tarshish, Esai. lx 9; Jer. x 9; Ezech. xxvii 12; Ps. xlviii 8 [A.V. 7]; ubi pro ritualibus seu doctrinalibus. De Kittim, apud Jeremiam, Transite in insulas Kittim, et videte; et in {1}Arabiam, et attendite probe, ...num factum sicut hoc, ii 10; et apud (x)Esaiam, Dixit, Non addas amplius exsultare, oppressa virgo filia Zidonis; ad Kittim surge, transi, etiam ibi non quies tibi, xxiii 12;
ubi 'Kittim' pro ritualibus: apud Ezechielem, Quercubus de Bashane fecerunt remos tuos, {2}asserem tuum fecerunt ebore, filiam gressuum, ex insulis Kittim, xxvii 6;
ubi de Tyro; 'asser navis ex insulis Kittim' pro externis cultus, ita pro ritualibus, quae se referunt ad classem caelestium: apud Mosen, Naves e litore Kittim, et affligent Asshurem, et affligent Eberum, Num. xxiv 24;
ubi etiam pro externo cultu seu pro ritualibus. Inde constare potest quod per omnia haec nomina significentur res in sensu interno, quae res in sua serie sunt. @1 So Sch., Heb. has Kedar, as A.V. In 3268 S. has Kedar and states Arabia nominatur Kedar a filio Ishmaelis.$ @2 Lat. asser=beam, stake or pole, but R.V. has 'benches' (or 'deck,' in m.). Heb. (qeresh)=board.$