5385.由此可见在圣言中，经上说“耶和华察验肾和心”，以及纠正肾是什么意思，如耶利米书：
察验肾和心的耶和华。（耶利米书11:20）
同一先知书：
试验义人、察看人肾心的耶和华。（耶利米书20:12）
诗篇：
公义的神察验心肾。（诗篇7:9）
又：
耶和华啊，求你察看我的肾、我的心。（诗篇26:2）
又：
耶和华啊，你得了我的肾。（诗篇139:13）
启示录：
我是那察看肾心的。（启示录2:23）
在这些经文中，“肾”表示属灵事物，“心”表示属天事物；也就是说，“肾”表示属于真理的事物，“心”表示属于良善的事物。原因是，肾脏净化血清，心脏净化血液本身；因此，“试验、察验肾”表示测试、探究并仔细检查人里面真理的量和质，或信的量和质。这种含义也明显可见于耶利米书：
耶和华啊，他们的口是与你相近，他们的肾却与你远离。（耶利米书12:2）
诗篇：
耶和华啊，看哪，你所喜爱的是肾里的真理。（诗篇51:6）
纠正的能力也归于肾脏，这一事实也明显可见于诗篇：
我的肾在夜间也警戒我。（诗篇16:7）
Potts(1905-1910) 5385
5385. From all this it is evident what is signified by its being said in the Word, that "Jehovah tries and searches the reins and the heart," and that the "reins chasten," as in Jeremiah:
Jehovah trieth the reins and the heart (Jer. 11:20). In the same:
Jehovah that trieth the righteous, and seeth the reins and the heart (Jer. 20:12). In David:
The just God trieth the hearts and reins (Ps. 7:9). Again:
O Jehovah explore my reins and my heart (Ps. 26:2). Again:
Jehovah Thou hast possessed my reins (Ps. 139:13). In Revelation:
I am He that searcheth the reins and the heart (Rev. 2:23). In these passages spiritual things are signified by the "reins" [or "kidneys"] and celestial things by the "heart;" that is, the things which are of truth are signified by the "reins," and those which are of good by the "heart." The reason of this is that the kidneys purify the serum, and the heart purifies the blood itself; hence by "trying, exploring, and searching the reins," is signified to try, explore, and search out the quantity and quality of truth, or the quantity and quality of faith, in man. That this is the signification is plain also in Jeremiah:
Jehovah Thou art near in their mouth, but far from their reins (Jer. 12:2);
and in David:
Jehovah, behold Thou desirest truth in the reins (Ps. 51:6). That "chastening" is attributed to the kidneys is clear also in David:
My reins chasten me in the night seasons (Ps. 16:7).
Elliott(1983-1999) 5385
5385. From all this one may see what is meant when it is stated in the Word that Jehovah tests and examines closely the kidneys and the heart, and also corrects the kidneys, as in Jeremiah,
Jehovah testing the kidneys and the heart. Jer 11:20.
In the same prophet,
Jehovah testing the righteous, seeing the kidneys and the heart. Jer 20:12.
In David,
You test the heart and the kidneys, a righteous God. Ps 7:9.
In the same author,
O Jehovah, explore my kidneys and my heart. Ps 26:2.
In the same author,
O Jehovah, You possess my kidneys. Ps 139:19.
In John,
I am He who has examined closely the kidneys and the heart. Rev 2:23.
Here 'the kidneys' means spiritual areas and 'the heart' celestial ones; that is, 'the kidneys' means areas of truth, while 'the heart' means areas of good. The reason for this is that the kidneys purify fluid whereas the heart purifies actual blood, and therefore 'testing, exploring, and examining closely the kidneys' means testing, exploring, and examining closely the amount and the essential nature of truth, that is, the amount and the essential nature of the faith present with a person. This meaning is also evident in Jeremiah,
Jehovah, You are near in their mouth but far away from their kidneys.
And in David,
Jehovah, behold, You desire truth in the kidneys. Ps 51:6.
The fact that in addition the ability to correct is attributed to the kidneys is also plain in David,
In the night seasons my kidneys correct me. Ps 16:7.
Latin(1748-1756) 5385
5385. Ex his constare potest quid significat quod in Verbo dicatur `quod Jehovah probet et scrutetur renes et cor', tum `quod renes castigent', ut apud Jeremiam, Jehovah probans renes et cor, xi 20:apud eundem, Jehovah probans justum, videns renes et cor, xx 12:
apud Davidem, Probas corda et renes Deus justus, Ps. vii 10 (A. V. 9):
apud eundem, Jehovah explora renes meos et cor meum, Ps. xxvi 2:
apud eundem, Jehovah Tu possides renes meos, Ps. cxxxix 13:
apud Johannem, Ego sum Qui scrutatus renes et cor, Apoc. ii 23;
per `renes' ibi significantur spiritualia, et per `cor' caelestia, hoc est, per `renes' significantur illa quae sunt veri, et per `cor' illa quae sunt boni; causa est quia renes purificant serum, et cor ipsum sanguinem, inde significatur per `probare, explorare et scrutari renes' probare, explorare et scrutari quantum et quale veri, seu quantum et quale fidei est {1} apud hominem; quod id significetur, etiam patet {2} apud Jeremiam, Jehovah propinquus Tu in ore eorum, sed longinquus a renibus eorum, xii 2:
et apud Davidem, Jehovah ecce veritatem desideras in renibus, Ps. li 8 (A. V. 6):
quod etiam castigatio tribuatur renibus, etiam liquet apud Davidem, Noctibus castigant me renes mei, Ps. xvi 7.
@1 sit$ @2 ita sit patet quoque$