618、经上说“挪亚是个公义、完全的人”，“与神同行”，并在本节说他“生了三个儿子”，都是以过去式来说的；而事实上，这些话都着眼于未来。要知道，内义具有这种特征，它与时间无关；原文也具有这种特征。有时，同一个词可以用于过去、现在或未来，无需换词。因为通过这种方式，内层事物会显得更清晰。这种语言从内义获得这种特征，而内义的多样化超乎任何人的想象。因此，它不允许自己受时间和区别的限制。
New Century Edition
Cooper(2008,2013)
[NCE]618. In order to understand why Noah was just and upright, he walked with God, and (in the present verse) he fathered three sons all take the past tense even though they look to future events, you need to know that the nature of the inner meaning makes tense irrelevant. The original language suits this quality, since sometimes one and the same word in it can be understood in any tense; likewise, the words are not divided up.{*1} This exposes the inner content to clearer view. The language acquires its flexibility from the inner meaning, which is more richly layered than anyone could ever believe, and this is why it does not allow tense or partitioning to place restrictions on it.
Footnotes:
{*1} The exact meaning of the Latin clause here translated "the words are not divided up," nec distinguit inter voces, is not entirely certain. It may refer to the fact that the Word in its earliest form was not divided up into sentences by punctuation, this being a later innovation; see 4987, 5578, and 7191. It may also refer to the fact that in early manuscripts no breaks between words were marked, allowing for wide ranges in interpretation that are a common feature of rabbinical exegesis. In regard to tense, Hebrew does not have the kind of tense that modern English does. Instead it has two "aspects," one for continuous or repeated action and the other for single events. In English translation, the former is usually rendered as a present or future and the latter as a past, but that is due more to the requirements of English than to the content of the Hebrew. [LHC, RS]
Potts(1905-1910) 618
618. That "Noah was righteous and perfect" that he "walked with God" and in this verse that he "begat three sons" is all said in the past tense, and yet these expressions look to the future. It should be known that the internal sense is such that it has no relation to times; and this the original language favors, where sometimes one and the same word is applicable to any time whatever, without using different words, for by this means interior things appear more evidently. The language derives this from the internal sense, which is more manifold than anyone could believe; and therefore it does not suffer itself to be limited by times and distinctions.
Elliott(1983-1999) 618
618. 'Noah was righteous and blameless', 'he walked with God', and now here 'he beget three sons', are statements in which the verbs are all in the past tense, even though they in fact have regard to things that were yet to be. It should be recognized that the internal sense is such that it carries no temporal connotations, a feature to which the original language also lends itself. Sometimes one and the same word there can apply to past, present, or future time, without using different words. In this way interior things come out more clearly into the open. That language derives this characteristic from the internal sense which is more manifold than anyone would ever credit. For this reason it does not allow itself to be limited by temporal connotations and distinctions.
Latin(1748-1756) 618
618. Quod 'Noah justus et integer fuit,' quod 'ambulavit cum Deo,' et hic quod 'genuit tres filios,' in praeterito dicatur, et tamen spectant futura; sciendum quod talis sit sensus internus, ut nullam rationem temporum habeat; cui quoque favet lingua originalis, ubi quandoque vox una eademque ad quodcumque tempus explicabilis est, sicut nec distinguit inter voces; sic patent interiora evidentius. Lingua illa ex sensu interno hoc trahit, qui multiplicior est quam usquam aliquis credere possit; inde non se finiri per tempora et per distinctiones patitur.