8715.“十夫长”表处于第三位的首要真理。这从“夫长”和“十”的含义清楚可知：“夫长”（首领）是指首要真理，如前所述；“十”也指大量或许多，不过是处于更小层级上的，因为“十”在“百”之下。“数十”或“十”也表示许多（参看3107，4638节）。被派管理一千人、一百人或十人的夫长或首领在从一切数字抽象出来的意义上代表处于第一层级、第二层级和第三层级的许多真理。对数字的这种运用同样可见于圣言的别处，例如主论及“欠一万（即十千）他连得的仆人”和“欠他一百第那流的同伴”（马太福音18:24，28）的地方；以及论及“一个王出去和别的王打仗，酌量他能否用一万（即十千）兵去敌那领二万（二十千）兵”（路加福音14:31）的地方。同样在启示录：
一位天使从天降下，捉住那龙，把他捆绑一千年；把他扔进无底深渊，使他不得再迷惑列族。等到那一千年完了。其余的死人还没有复活，直等那一千年完了。这是头一次的复活。（启示录20:1-3，5）
在这段经文中，“一千”不是指一千，而是指大量，没有任何数字的概念。同样在摩西五经：
耶和华必向爱祂的人施怜悯，直到千代。（出埃及记20:5，6；申命记5:9，10；7:9；以及耶利米书32:18）
诗篇：
祂所吩咐的话，直到千代。（诗篇105:8）
又：
虽有千人仆倒在你旁边，万（十千）人仆倒在你右边，这灾却不得临近你。（诗篇91:7）
又：
神的战车有二十千，制造和平的人成千上万。（诗篇68:17）
又：
我们的羊有几千，我们的街上有十千。（诗篇144:13）
又：
在你看来，千年犹如一日。（诗篇90:4）
“一百”和“十”差不多也是这种情况，因为更小的数字或因子与这个数字的幂所表相同（参看5291，5335，5708，7973节）。“一百”，以及“十”表示大量（参看3107，4400，4638节）。
Potts(1905-1910) 8715
8715. And princes of tens. That this signifies primary truths in the third place, is evident from the signification of "princes," as being primary things (as above); and from the signification of "tens," as also being many, but in a less degree, because under "hundreds" (that "tens," or "ten," also denotes many, see n. 3107, 4638). Princes being set in order over a thousand, over a hundred, and over ten, abstractedly from all number represented many things in the first degree, in the second, and in the third, in like manner as in other passages in the Word, as where the Lord said of the servant that he "owed ten thousand talents," and that the fellow-servant "owed him a hundred pence" (Matt. 18:24, 28); in like manner where He spoke of "a king about to wage war with another king, as consulting whether he was able with ten thousand to meet the other who was coming with twenty thousand" (Luke 14:31). In like manner in John:
An angel coming down from heaven laid hold on the dragon, and bound him a thousand years, and cast him into the abyss, that he should seduce the nations no more, until the thousand years should be consummated. The rest of the dead lived not again until the thousand years were consummated: this is the first resurrection (Rev. 20:1-3, 5). in this passage by "a thousand" is not signified a thousand, but much, without any number. In like manner in Moses:
Jehovah doing mercy to a thousand generations that love Him (Exod. 20:5, 6; Deut. 5:9, 10; 7:9; also in Jer. 32:18). In David:
The word He commanded to a thousand generations (Ps. 105:8). A thousand shall fall at thy side, and ten thousand at thy right hand; it shall not come nigh thee (Ps. 91:7) The chariots of God are twenty thousand, thousands of peaceful ones (Ps. 68:17). Our flocks thousands, and ten thousands in our streets (Ps. 144:13). A thousand years in Thy sight are as a day (Ps. 90:4). It is similar with "a hundred" and with "ten," for lesser numbers signify the like with the greater that result from multiplication by a like number (see n. 5291, 5335, 5708, 7973); (that "a hundred" and also "ten" signify much, see n. 3107, 4400, 4638).
Elliott(1983-1999) 8715
8715. 'And rulers of tens' means first and foremost truths in third place. This is clear from the meaning of 'rulers' as first and foremost truths, as above; and from the meaning of 'tens' also as much or many, but in a smaller degree since they come below hundreds. For the meaning of 'tens' or 'ten' also as many, see 3107, 4638.
The placement of the rulers over a thousand, over a hundred, or over ten, represented in the abstract sense, separately from any idea of numbers, many truths in first, second, and third degrees. This use of the numbers is like that found elsewhere in the Word, for example where the Lord said of the servant that he owed ten thousand talents and that the fellow-servant owed him a hundred denarii, Matt 18:24, 28, and where He speaks of the king, about to make war against another king, considering whether He was able with ten thousand to meet the other who was coming with twenty thousand, Luke 14:31.Likewise in John,
An angel coming down from heaven laid hold of the dragon, and bound him for a thousand years, and cast him into the abyss, so that he should not deceive the nations any longer, until the thousand years had come to an end. The rest of the dead did not live again before the thousand years came to an end. This is the first resurrection. Rev 20:1-3, 5, 7.
Here 'a thousand' does not mean a thousand but much, without the idea of some number. Likewise in Moses,
Jehovah shows mercy to a thousand generations who love Him. Exod 20:6; Deut 5:9, 10; 7:9; Jer 32:18.
In David,
The word He has commanded to a thousand generations. Ps 105:8.
In the same author,
A thousand will fall at your side, and a myriad at your right hand; it will not come near you. Ps 91:7.
In the same author,
The chariots of God are myriad on myriad!, thousands of peacemakers. Ps 68:17.
In the same author,
Our flocks are thousands, and ten thousands in our streets. Ps 144:13.
In the same author,
A thousand years in Your eyes are as a day. Ps 90:4.
The situation is much the same with a hundred and with ten, for a smaller number or a factor is similar in meaning to the powers of that number, 5291, 5335, 5708, 7973. For the meaning of 'a hundred' and 'ten' also as much, see 3107, 4400, 4638.
Latin(1748-1756) 8715
8715. `Et principes decadum': quod significet primaria in tertio loco, constat ex significatione `principum' quod sint primaria, ut supra, et ex significatione `decadum' quod etiam sint multa, sed in minore gradu, quia sub centenis; quod `decades' seu `decem' etiam sint multa, videatur n. 3107, 4638. Quod {1}ordinati principes fuerint super mille, super centum, et super decem, repraesentabat abstracte ab omni numero multa, in gradu primo, secundo, et tertio, similiter ut in Verbo alibi; {2}prout ubi Dominus de servo {3}dixit quod debuerit decem mille talenta, et quod (t)conservus ei debuerit centum (x)denarios, Matth. xviii 24, 28; similiter ubi de rege commissuro cum altero rege bellum, consultante num potens esset cum decem milibus (x)occurrere alteri, qui cum viginti milibus veniret, Luc. xiv 31; pariter apud Johannem, Angelus descendens {4}de caelo comprehendit draconem, et vinxit illum mille annos, et conjecit illum in abyssum, ut non seduceret gentes amplius, usquedum consummarentur mille anni; reliqui mortuorum non revixerunt, antequam consummati sunt mille anni; haec resuscitatio prima, Apoc. xx [1,] 2, 3, 5, 7;hic per `mille' non significantur mille, sed absque {5}ullo numero multum: pariter apud Moschen, Jehovah faciens misericordiam mille generationibus amantibus Ipsum, Exod. xx 6; Deut. v 9, 10, vii 9; Jer. xxxii (x)18:
apud Davidem, Verbum praecepit in mille generationes, Ps. cv 8:
apud eundem, Cadent a latere tuo mille, et myrias a dextra tua; ad te non appropinquabit, Ps. xci 7:
apud eundem, Currus Dei binae myriades, milleni pacificorum, Ps. lxviii 18 [A.V. 17]:
apud eundem, Greges nostri milleni, et decies milleni in plateis nostris, Ps cxliv 13:
apud eundem, Mille anni in oculis tuis sicut dies, Ps. xc 4:
similiter se habet cum centum et cum decem, nam numeri minores simile cum majoribus per similem numerum multiplicatis significant, n. 5291, 5335, 5708, 7973; quod `centum' et `decem' etiam sint multum, videatur n. 3107, 4400, 4638. @1 ordinatio principum$ @2 ut$ @3 dicit$ @4 e$ @5 aliquo$