880.在圣言中，“耶路撒冷”之所以表示教会，是因为圣殿就在迦南地的耶路撒冷，而不是别的地方，那里有祭坛，献祭，因而神性敬拜本身也是在此举行。因此，三大节日每年都在耶路撒冷举行，全地的一切男丁都被吩咐上那里过节。正因如此，“耶路撒冷”表示教会的敬拜，因而也表示教会的教义，因为敬拜是教义所规定的，并照教义来举行。也正因如此，主在耶路撒冷，并在其圣殿中教导人，后来还在那里荣耀祂的人性。“耶路撒冷”表示教会的教义，和由此而来的敬拜；这一点从圣言中的许多经文明显看出来，如以赛亚书中的这些话：
我因锡安必不静默，为耶路撒冷必不休息，直到他的公义如光辉发出，他的救恩如灯燃烧。列邦必见你的公义，列王必见你的荣耀。你必得新名的称呼，是耶和华亲口所起的。你在耶和华的手中要作为荣耀的华冠；因为耶和华喜悦你，你的地将要婚嫁。看哪，你的救恩来到；看哪，祂的赏赐在祂那里。人必称他们为圣民，为耶和华的赎民；你也必称为蒙找着的，不被撇弃的城。（以赛亚书62:1-4，11-12）
这一整章都在论述是主的降临和由祂所建立的新教会。这个新教会就是“耶路撒冷”所表示的，“耶路撒冷””必得新名的称呼，是耶和华亲口所起的”，“在耶和华的手中要作为荣耀的华冠，在你神的掌上必作为冕旒”，“耶和华（在其中）喜悦”，还被称为“蒙找着的，不撇弃的城”。这些话不适用于主降世时犹太人所居住的耶路撒冷，因为当时的耶路撒冷处处截然对立，还不如被称为“所多玛”，经上也的确是这么称呼的（如启示录11:8；以赛亚书3:9；耶利米书23:14；以西结书16:46，48）。
在以赛亚书另一处：
看哪，我造新天新地；从前的事不再被记念；你们当因我所造的永远欢喜快乐！看哪，我造耶路撒冷为人所喜，造其中的居民为人所乐。我必因耶路撒冷欢喜，因我的百姓快乐。豺狼必与羊羔同食；他们必不在我的一切圣山作恶。（以赛亚书65:17-19，25）
这一章也论述主的降临，和祂所建立的教会，该教会并非建立在那些住在耶路撒冷的人当中，而是建立在那些住在耶路撒冷之外的人当中；所以，该教会由“为主欢喜”的“耶路撒冷”来表示，其中的百姓令主“快乐”；还有，在这个教会，“豺狼必与羊羔同食”，并且“他们必不作恶”。同样，经上在这个地方，如在启示录那样说到主要“造新天新地”，还说祂要“造耶路撒冷”，这些事具有同样的含义。
在以赛亚书又一处：
锡安啊，醒来，醒来，披上你的力量；圣城耶路撒冷啊，穿上你华美的衣服；因为从今以后，未受割礼和不洁净的必不再进入你中间。耶路撒冷啊，要抖下尘土；起来坐下。到那日，我的百姓必知道我的名，因为那说话的就是我；看哪，是我，耶和华安慰了祂的百姓，救赎了耶路撒冷。（以赛亚书 52:1，2，6，9）。
这一章还是论述主的降临和祂所要建立的教会，故“未受割礼和不洁净的必不再进入”其中、主将“救赎”的“耶路撒冷”表示教会，“圣城耶路撒冷”表示来自主并关于主的教会教义。
在西番雅书：
锡安的女子哪，应当欢呼！耶路撒冷的女子啊，要满心快乐！以色列的王在你中间；你必不再惧怕灾祸；祂在必因你欢欣喜乐，安息于你的爱里，且因你喜乐而欢呼；那时，我必领你们进来，聚集你们。我必使你们在地上的万民中有名声，得称赞。（西番雅书3:14-15，17，20）
此处同样论述主和来自祂的教会，掌管它的“以色列的王”，也就是主，“欢欣喜乐”且“喜乐而欢呼”，祂必“安息于你的爱里”，“必使你们在地上的万民中有名声，得称赞”。
在以赛亚书：
形成你的救赎主耶和华论到耶路撒冷如此说，你必有人居住，论到犹大的城邑说，你必被建造。（以赛亚书44:24，26）
在但以理书：
你当知道、当明白，从发出命令重新建造耶路撒冷，直到有弥赛亚的时候，君王必有七个七周。（但以理书9:25）
显然，此处“耶路撒冷”也表示教会，因为主重新建造的是这个教会，而不是耶路撒冷，就是犹太人的住地。
在以下经文中，“耶路撒冷”也表示来自主的教会：
耶和华如此说，我要回锡安，住在耶路撒冷中间；耶路撒冷必因此称为真理之城，万军之耶和华的山必称为圣山。（撒迦利亚书8:3，8:20-23）
约珥书：
那时，你们就知道我是耶和华你们的神，且又住在锡安我的圣山；耶路撒冷必成为圣。到那日，大山要滴甜酒，小山要流奶子，耶路撒冷必存到代代。（约珥书3:17-18，20）
在以赛亚书：
到那日，耶和华发生的苗必华美尊荣，那时，剩在锡安留在耶路撒冷的，就是一切住耶路撒冷，写在生命册上的，必称为圣。（以赛亚书4:2-4）
在弥迦书：
末后的日子，耶和华殿的山必坚立于诸山之顶；因为教义必出于锡安，耶和华的言语必出于耶路撒冷；从前的国，就是耶路撒冷女子的国，必归与你。（弥迦书4:1-2，8）
在耶利米书：
那时，他们必称耶路撒冷为耶和华的宝座，所有民族必到耶路撒冷，在耶和华立名的地方聚集。他们必不再随从自己顽梗的恶心而行。（耶利米书3:17）
在以赛亚书：
你要看锡安，我们守圣节的城，你的眼必见耶路撒冷为安静的居所，为不挪移的帐幕，橛子永不拔出，绳索一根也不折断。（以赛亚书33:20）
此外还有其它地方（如以赛亚书24:23；37:32；66:10-14；撒迦利亚书12:3，6，8-10；14:8，11-12，21；玛拉基书3:2，4；诗篇122:1-7；137:5-7）。
在这些地方，“耶路撒冷”表示主将要建立的教会，而不是迦南地的犹太人所居住的耶路撒冷。这一点从圣言中论到耶路撒冷完全被毁，并将要被毁的地方明显看出来（如耶利米书5:1；6:6，7；7:17，18 等；8:6-8等；9:10，11，13等；13:9，10，14；14:16；耶利米哀歌1:8，9，17；以西结书4:1-17；5:9-17；12:18，19；15:6-8；16:1-63；23:1-49；马太福音23:37，38；路加福音19:41-44；21:20-22；23:28-30等）。
880. Jerusalem in the Word means the church because the Temple and altar were there in the land of Canaan and nowhere else, and sacrifices were made there. Thus it was the focus of Divine worship. The three annual feasts were accordingly also celebrated there, and every male throughout the land was commanded to attend them. For that reason Jerusalem symbolizes the church with respect to worship, and so also the church with respect to doctrine, inasmuch as worship is prescribed by doctrine and is conducted in accordance with it.
Jerusalem means the church, too, because the Lord was there and taught in its temple, and later glorified His humanity there.
That Jerusalem means the church with respect to its doctrine and consequent worship is apparent from many passages in the Word. As for example, from these verses in Isaiah:
For Zion's sake I will not keep silent, and for Jerusalem's sake I will not rest, until her righteousness goes forth as a radiance, and her salvation as a burning lamp. Then gentiles shall see your righteousness, and all kings your glory. You shall also be called by a new name, which the mouth of the Lord will proclaim. And you shall be a crown of glory in the hand of Jehovah, and a royal jewel 1in the hand of your God... ...Jehovah will delight in you, and your land shall be married.
Behold, your salvation is coming; behold, His reward is with Him... And they shall call them a holy people, the redeemed of Jehovah; and you shall be called a city sought out, not forsaken. (Isaiah 62:1-4, 11-12)
[2] The subject in that chapter is the Lord's advent and a new church to be established by Him. This new church is the church meant by Jerusalem, which shall be called by a new name that the mouth of Jehovah will proclaim; which will be a crown of glory in the hand of Jehovah and a royal jewel 1in the hand of God; in which Jehovah will delight; and which shall be called a city sought out and not forsaken. This does not mean the Jerusalem inhabited by Jews when the Lord came into the world, for that Jerusalem was of a totally opposite character. It was rather to be called Sodom, as it also is called in Revelation 11:8, Isaiah 3:9, Jeremiah 23:14, and Ezekiel 16:46, 48.
[3] Elsewhere in Isaiah:
...behold, I am creating a new heaven and a new earth; the former shall not be remembered... Be glad and rejoice forever in what I am creating. ...behold, I am creating Jerusalem to be an exultation, and her people a joy, that I may exult over Jerusalem and rejoice over My people... Then the wolf and the lamb shall feed together... They shall not do evil... in all My holy mountain... (Isaiah 65:17-19, 25)
In this chapter, too, the subject is the Lord's advent and a church to be established by Him, one that was not established among the people in Jerusalem but among people elsewhere. Consequently that church is the one meant here by Jerusalem, which will be an exultation to the Lord and whose people will be a joy to Him, where the wolf and lamb will feed together, and the people will not do evil.
As in the book of Revelation, we are told here also that the Lord will create a new heaven and a new earth, and that He will create Jerusalem, which have similar symbolic meanings.
[4] Elsewhere in Isaiah:
Awake, awake! Put on your strength, O Zion; put on your beautiful garments, O Jerusalem, the holy city! For the uncircumcised and the unclean shall no longer come to you. Shake yourself from the dust, arise; sit down, O Jerusalem! ...Therefore My people shall know My name... in that day; for it is I who speaks: behold, it is I. ...Jehovah has comforted His people, He has redeemed Jerusalem. (Isaiah 52:1-2, 6, 9)
The subject in this chapter is also the Lord's advent and the church to be established by Him. Therefore the Jerusalem into which the uncircumcised and the unclean shall no longer come, and which the Lord will redeem, means the church, and Jerusalem, the holy city, means the church with respect to doctrine from the Lord and concerning the Lord.
[5] In Zephaniah:
Shout, O daughter of Zion! Be glad... with all your heart, O daughter of Jerusalem! ...The King of Israel... is in your midst; fear evil no longer! ...He will rejoice over you with gladness, He will rest in your love, He will exult over you with exultation... ...I will give you a name and praise among all the peoples of the earth... (Zephaniah 3:14-17, 20)
Here likewise the subject is the Lord and a church established by Him, over which the King of Israel, namely the Lord, will rejoice with gladness and exult with exultation, and in whose love He will rest, who will give them a name and praise among all the peoples of the earth.
[6] In Isaiah:
Thus said Jehovah, your Redeemer and your Former..., who says to Jerusalem, "You shall be inhabited," and to the cities of Judah, "You shall be rebuilt."... (Isaiah 44:24, 26)
And in Daniel:
Know and perceive: from the going forth of the command to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until Messiah the Prince, there shall be seven weeks... (Daniel 9:25)
It is apparent that Jerusalem here also means the church, since it was the church that the Lord restored and rebuilt, and not Jerusalem, the Jewish capital.
[7] Jerusalem means a church established by the Lord also in the following passages. In Zechariah:
Thus said Jehovah, "I will return to Zion and dwell in the midst of Jerusalem. Jerusalem shall be called a city of truth, and the mountain of Jehovah Zebaoth a holy mountain." (Zechariah 8:3, cf. 8:20-23)
In Joel:
Then you shall know that I am Jehovah your God, dwelling in Zion, My holy mountain. Then Jerusalem shall be holy... And it will come to pass in that day that the mountains shall drip with new wine, and the hills shall flow with milk..., and Jerusalem (shall abide) from generation to generation. (Joel 3:17-21)
In Isaiah:
In that day the offshoot of Jehovah shall be beautiful and glorious... And it shall come to pass that he who is left in Zion and remains in Jerusalem will be called holy - everyone recorded among the living in Jerusalem. (Isaiah 4:2-3)
In Micah:
...in the latter days the mountain of Jehovah's house shall be established on top of the mountains... For out of Zion doctrine shall go forth, and the Word of Jehovah from Jerusalem... ...to you... the former kingdom shall come, the kingdom of the daughter of Jerusalem. (Micah 4:1-2, 8)
In Jeremiah:
At that time they shall call Jerusalem the throne of Jehovah, and all the nations shall be gathered..., because of the name of Jehovah, to Jerusalem. No more shall they go after the justification of their evil hearts. (Jeremiah 3:17)
In Isaiah:
Look upon Zion, the city of our appointed feasts; let your eyes see Jerusalem, a tranquil habitation, a tabernacle that will not vanish; its stakes will never be removed, nor any of its cords be broken. (Isaiah 33:20)
And so on elsewhere, as in Isaiah 24:23; 37:32; 66:10-14; Zechariah 12:3, 6, 8-10; 14:8, 11-12, 21; Malachi 3:2, 4; Psalms 122:1-7; 137:4-6.
[8] Jerusalem in these places means a church which the Lord would establish, and not Jerusalem in the land of Canaan inhabited by Jews. This can be seen from passages in the Word which say that Jerusalem was completely ruined and would be destroyed, as in Jeremiah 5:1; 6:6-7; 7:17-18; Luke 19:41-44; 21:20-22; 23:28-30; and in many other places.
Footnotes:
1. The word translated as "jewel" here means a diadem or crown in the original Greek and Latin, but the writer's definitions of the term elsewhere make plain that he regularly and consistently interpreted it to mean a jewel or gem.
880. The reason why by 'Jerusalem' in the Word is understood the Church is because there in the land of Canaan, and nowhere else, was the temple, there was the altar, and the sacrifices used to be offered there, thus Divine worship itself For this reason also three feasts used to be celebrated there every year, and every male of the whole land was commanded to come up to them. It is as a result of this that by 'Jerusalem' is signified the Church as to worship, and consequently also the Church as to doctrine, for worship is prescribed in doctrine and is performed in accordance with it. Also it is because the Lord was in Jerusalem and taught in its temple, and afterwards glorified His Human there. That by 'Jerusalem' is understood the Church as to doctrine and the worship therefrom is plain from many passages in the Word, as from these words in Isaiah:
For Zion's sake will I not be silent, and for Jerusalem's sake I will not rest, until the justice thereof go forth as brightness and the salvation thereof as a lamp burns. Then the nations shall see thy justice and all kings thy glory; and a new name shall be called to thee, which the mouth of Jehovah shall declare; and thou shalt be a crown of comeliness in the hand of thy God. Jehovah shall be well pleased in thee, and thy hand shall be married. Behold thy Salvation shall come, behold His reward is with Him. And they shall call them the people of holiness, the redeemed of Jehovah; and thou shalt be called a city sought out, not forsaken. Isaiah 62:1-4, 11-12.
[2] In the whole of that chapter it treats of the Lord's coming, and of the New Church to be set up by Him. It is this New Church that is understood by the 'Jerusalem' to which a new name shall be called, which the mouth of Jehovah shall declare, and which shall be a crown of comeliness in the hand of Jehovah, and a mitre of royalty in the hand of God, in which Jehovah shall be well pleased, and which shall be called a city sought out and not forsaken. By these words there cannot be understood the Jerusalem in which the Jews were when the Lord came into the world, for it was in everything contrary. This was rather to be called 'Sodom,' as also it is called (Revelation 11:8; Isaiah 3:9; Jeremiah 23:14; Ezekiel 16:46, 48).
[3] Elsewhere in Isaiah:
Behold I am creating a new heaven and a new land; the former shall not be remembered. Rejoice and exult in the eternities that I am creating. Behold I am going to create Jerusalem an exultation and her people a joy, that I may exult over Jerusalem and rejoice over My people. Then shall the wolf and the lamb feed together. They shall do no evil in all the mountain of My holiness. Isaiah 65:17-19, 25.
In this chapter also it treats of the Lord's coming and of the Church to be set up by Him, which was not set up among those who were in Jerusalem but among those who were outside it; and therefore this Church is understood by the 'Jerusalem' which shall be an exultation to the Lord, and whose people shall be a joy to Him; also where the lamb and the wolf shall feed together and where they shall do no evil. Here also it is said just as us the Apocalypse, that the Lord is going to create 'a new heaven and a new land,' and also that He is going to create 'Jerusalem,' by which similar things are signified.
[4] Elsewhere in Isaiah:
Awake, awake, put on thy strength, O Zion, put on the garments of thy comeliness, O Jerusalem the city of holiness; for henceforth [lit. = it shall not add that] there shall no more come into thee the uncircumcised and the unclean. Shake thyself from the dust, arise, be thou seated, O Jerusalem. The people shall recognise My Name in that day, for I am He Who is speaking, behold Me. Jehovah has comforted His people, He has redeemed Jerusalem. Isaiah 52:1-2, 6, 9.
In this chapter also it treats of the Lord's coming and of the Church to be set up by Him; and therefore by the 'Jerusalem' to which there shall no more come the uncircumcised and the unclean, and which the Lord has redeemed, is understood the Church; and by 'Jerusalem the city of holiness' the Church as to doctrine from the Lord and concerning the Lord.
[5] In Zephaniah:
Shout, O daughter of Zion, be glad with all the heart, O daughter of Jerusalem; the King of Israel is in the midst of thee; do not fear evil any more; He will rejoice over thee with joy, He will rest in thy love, He will exult over thee with shouting; I will give you for a name and a praise to all the peoples of the land, Zephaniah 3:14-17, 20; here likewise concerning the Lord and the Church from Him, over which the King of Israel, Who is the Lord, will rejoice with joy, will exult with shouting, and in whose love He will rest, and Who will give them for a name and a praise to all the peoples of the land.
[6] In Isaiah:
Thus has said Jehovah thy Redeemer and thy Former, saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be inhabited, and to the cities of Judah, You shall be built. Isaiah 44:24, 26; and in Daniel:
Know and perceive from the going forth of the Word until the restoring and building of Jerusalem, until Messiah the Prince, seven weeks. Daniel 9:25.
It is plain that by 'Jerusalem' here also is understood the Church, since this was being restored and built from the Lord, but not Jerusalem the seat of the Jews.
[7] By 'Jerusalem' is understood the Church from the Lord in the following passages also; in Zechariah:
Thus has said Jehovah, I will return to Zion, and I will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem; whence Jerusalem shall be called a city of the truth (veritas), and the mountain of Jehovah Zebaoth the mountain of holiness, Zechariah 8:3, 20-23; in Joel:
Then shall you know that I am Jehovah your God, dwelling in Zion the mountain of holiness, and Jerusalem shall be holiness; and it shall come to pass in that day, the mountains shall drop new wine (mustum), and the hills shall flow with milk, and Jerusalem shall be seated to generation and generation Joel iii [H.B. iv] 17-21; in Isaiah:
In that day shall the offshoot of Jehovah be for ornament and glory; and it shall come to pass, the one left in Zion, and the one remaining in Jerusalem, shall be termed holy; everyone has been written unto life in Jerusalem. Isaiah 4:2-3; in Micah;-
In the extremity of days shall the mountain of the house of Jehovah be made to stand at the head of the mountains; for Out of Zion shall go forth doctrine, and the Word of Jehovah out of Jerusalem; to thee shall the former kingdom come, the kingdom of the daughter of Jerusalem. Micah 4:1-2, 8; in Jeremiah:
At that time shall they call Jerusalem the throne of Jehovah, and all the nations shall be gathered together on account of the Name of Jehovah at Jerusalem, and they shall not go any more after the confirmation of their evil heart. Jeremiah 3:17; in Isaiah:
Look at Zion the city of our set feast; let thine eyes see Jerusalem, a quiet habitation, a tabernacle that shall not be done away with; the stakes thereof shall not be removed forever, and all its cords shall not be pulled apart. Isaiah 33:20; besides also elsewhere, as Isaiah 24:23; 37:32; 66:10-14; Zechariah 12:3, 6, 8-10; 14:8, 11-12, 21; Malachi 3:[2], 4; Psalms 122:1-7; 137:5-7.
[8] That by 'Jerusalem' in these passages is understood the Church which was to be set up by the Lord, and not the Jerusalem in the land of Canaan inhabited by the Jews, can be established from the passages in the Word where it is said of the latter that it has been entirely destroyed, and that it must be destroyed; as Jeremiah 5:1; 6:6-7; 7:17-18; 8:6-8; 9:10-11, 13; 13:9-10, 14; 14:16; Lamentations 1:8-9, 17; Ezekiel 4; 5:9-17; 12:18-19; 15:6-8; 16:1-63; 23:1-49; Matthew 23:37-38; Luke 19:41-44; 21:20-22; 23:28-30, and in many other places.
880. The reason why by "Jerusalem" in the Word is meant the church is because there, in the land of Canaan, and in no other place, was the temple and the altar, and sacrifices were offered, thus Divine worship itself, wherefore also three feasts were celebrated there yearly, and every male throughout the whole land was commanded to come to them. Hence it is that "Jerusalem" signifies the church as to worship, and therefore also the church as to doctrine, for worship is prescribed in doctrine, and performed according to it; likewise because the Lord was in Jerusalem, and taught in His temple, and afterwards glorified His Human there. That by "Jerusalem" is meant the church as to doctrine and thence worship, appears from many passages in the Word; as from the following in Isaiah:
For Zion's sake will I not be silent, and for Jerusalem's sake I will not rest, until the justice thereof go forth as brightness, and the salvation thereof as a lamp burneth. Then the Gentiles shall see thy justice, and all kings thy glory; and thou shalt be called by a new name, which the mouth of Jehovah shall name; thou shalt also be a crown of glory in the hand of thy God; for Jehovah is well pleased in thee, and thy land shall be married. Behold, thy salvation cometh; Behold, His reward is with Him. And they shall call them, The people of holiness, the redeemed of Jehovah; and thou shalt be called, Sought out, A city not deserted, (Isaiah 62:1-4, 11-12).
[2] The whole of this chapter treats of the Lord's advent, and of the New Church to be established by Him. This New Church is meant by "Jerusalem" which shall be called by a new name which the mouth of Jehovah shall utter, and which shall be a crown of glory in the hands of Jehovah, and a royal tiara in the hand of God, in which Jehovah shall be well pleased, and which shall be called a city sought out and not deserted. These words cannot apply to that Jerusalem which, when the Lord came into the world, was inhabited by the Jews, for it was directly opposite in every respect, and was rather to be called Sodom, as it is also called (in the Revelation 11:8; Isaiah 3:9; Jeremiah 23:14; Ezekiel 16:46, 48).
[3] So in another part of Isaiah:
For, behold, I create a New Heaven and a New Earth; the former shall not be remembered; be glad and exult to eternity in that which I create; behold I create Jerusalem an exultation, and her people a joy. And I will exult over Jerusalem, and rejoice over My people. Then the wolf and the lamb shall feed together; they shall not do evil in all the mountain of My holiness, (Isaiah 65:17-19, 25).
This chapter also treats of the Lord's advent, and of the church to be established by Him, which was not established with those who were in Jerusalem, but with those who were out of it; wherefore this church is meant by "Jerusalem" which shall be unto the Lord "an exultation" and whose people shall be unto Him "a joy;" also where "the wolf and the lamb shall feed together" and where "they shall not do evil." It is likewise said in this place, as in Revelation, that the Lord "will create a New Heaven and a New Earth" and also that "He will create Jerusalem" which things have a like signification.
[4] So in another part of Isaiah:
Awake, awake, put on thy strength, O Zion; put on the garments of thy beauty, O Jerusalem, the city of holiness; for henceforth there shall no more come into thee the uncircumcised and the unclean. Shake thyself from the dust; arise, and sit down, O Jerusalem. My people shall know My name in that day, for I am He that doth speak; behold it is I, Jehovah hath comforted His people; He hath redeemed Jerusalem, (Isaiah 52:1-2, 6, 9).
This chapter also treats of the Lord's advent, and of the church to be established by Him, therefore by "Jerusalem" into which "the uncircumcised and the unclean shall no more come" and which "the Lord will redeem" is meant the church, and by "Jerusalem the city of holiness;" the church as to doctrine from the Lord and concerning the Lord.
[5] In Zephaniah:
Shout, O daughter of Zion, be glad with all the heart, O daughter of Jerusalem; the king of Israel is in the midst of thee; fear not evil anymore; He will rejoice over thee with joy, He will rest in thy love, He will exult over thee with shouting; I will give you for a name and a praise to all the people of the earth, (Zephaniah 3:14-15, 17, 20).
Here in like manner the Lord and the church from Him are treated of, over which "the king of Israel" who is the Lord, "will rejoice with joy, will exult with shouting" and in whose love "He will rest" and who will give them "for a name and a praise to all the people of the earth."
[6] In Isaiah:
Thus saith Jehovah, thy Redeemer and thy Former, saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be inhabited, and to the cities of Judah, Ye shall be built, (Isaiah 44:24, 26).
And in Daniel:
Know and perceive that from the going forth of the Word even to restore and to build Jerusalem, even unto Messiah the prince shall be seven weeks, (Daniel 9:25).
That the church is here also meant by "Jerusalem" is manifest, since this was restored and built by the Lord, but not Jerusalem the seat of the Jews.
[7] By "Jerusalem" is also meant the church from the Lord in the following passage in Zechariah:
Thus saith Jehovah, I will return to Zion, and will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem; whence Jerusalem shall be called, the city of truth, and the mountain of Jehovah of hosts, the mountain of holiness, (Zechariah 8:3, 20-23).
In Joel:
Then shall ye know that I am Jehovah your God, that dwelleth in Zion, the mountain of holiness; and Jerusalem shall be holiness; and it shall come to pass in that day, that the mountains shall drop must, and the hills shall flow with milk, and Jerusalem shall sit to generation and generation, (Joel 3:17-18, 20).
In Isaiah:
In that day the offshoot of Jehovah shall be beautiful and glorious; and it shall come to pass, that he that is left in Zion, and he that remaineth in Jerusalem, shall be called holy; everyone written for life in Jerusalem, (Isaiah 4:2-3).
In Micah:
In the last days shall the mountain of the house of Jehovah be established on the head of the mountains; for out of Zion shall go forth doctrine, and the Word of Jehovah from Jerusalem; to thee shall the former kingdom come, the kingdom of the daughter of Jerusalem, (Micah 4:1-2, 8).
In Jeremiah:
In that time they shall call Jerusalem the throne of Jehovah, and all nations shall be gathered together at Jerusalem to the name of Jehovah; neither shall they walk anymore after the confirmation of their evil heart, (Jeremiah 3:17).
In Isaiah:
Look upon Zion, the city of our set feasts; thine eyes shall see Jerusalem a quiet habitation, a tabernacle that shall not be dissipated; the stakes thereof shall not be removed forever, neither shall any of the cords thereof be torn away, (Isaiah 33:20 Besides other places also, as Isaiah 24:23; 37:32; 66:10-14; Zechariah 12:3, 6, 8-10; 14:8, 11-12, 21; Malachi 3:2, 4; Psalms 122:1-7; 137:5-7.
[8] That the church is meant by "Jerusalem" in these places, which was to be established by the Lord, and not the Jerusalem inhabited by the Jews in the land of Canaan, may also be evident from the places in the Word where it is said of the latter, that it is altogether destroyed, and that it is to be destroyed; as in Jeremiah 5:1; 6:6-7; 7:17-18 seq. ; 8:6-8; 9:10-11, 13 seq. ; 13:9-10, 14; 14:16; Lamentations 1:8-9, 17; Ezekiel 4:1; 5:9; 12:18-19; 15:6-8; 16:1-63; 23:1-49; Matthew 23:37-38; Luke 19:41-44; 21:20-22; 23:28-30.
880. Quod per "Hierosolymam" in Verbo intelligatur Ecclesia, est quia ibi in Terra Canaane, et non alibi, Templum erat, Altare erat, sacrificia fiebant, ita ipse cultus Divinus; quare etiam tria festa quotannis ibi celebrabantur, et ad illa omnis masculus totius terrae mandatus est venire: ex eo est quod per "Hierosolymam" significetur Ecclesia quoad cultum, et inde quoque Ecclesia quoad doctrinam, nam cultus praescribitur in doctrina et fit secundum illam: tum quia Dominus in Hierosolyma fuit, et docuit in Suo Templo, et postea ibi glorificavit Humanum Suum. Quod per "Hierosolymam" intelligatur Ecclesia quoad doctrinam et inde cultum, ex pluribus locis in Verbo patet, ut ex his. apud Esajam:
"Propter Sionem non tacebo, et propter Hierosolymam non quiescam, usque dum exeat sicut splendor Justitia ejus, et Salus ejus sicut lampas ardeat: tunc videbunt Gentes Justitiam tuam, et omnes Reges Gloriam tuam: et vocabitur tibi nomen novum, quod os Jehovae enuntiabit; et eris corona decoris in manu Dei tui: beneplacebit Jehovah in te, et terra tua maritabitur. Ecce Salus tua veniet, ecce merces Ipsius cum Ipso: et vocabunt illos, Populus sanctitatis, Redempti Jehovae: et tu vocaberis quaesita urbs, non deserta," (62:1-4, 11-12).
Agitur in toto illo capite de Adventu Domini, et de nova ab Ipso instauranda Ecclesia. Nova haec Ecclesia est, quae intelligitur per "Hierosolymam," cui vocabitur nomen novum quod os Jehovae enuntiabit, quaeque erit corona decoris in manu Jehovae, et cidaris regni in manu Dei, in qua Jehovah beneplacebit, et quae vocabitur urbs quaesita et non deserta. Per haec non potest intelligi Hierosolyma, in qua, cum Dominus in mundum venit, fuerunt Judaei; nam illa erat in omni contrario; quae potius vocanda erat Sodoma (Ut quoque vocatur Apocalypsis 11:8; Esaias 3:9; Jeremias 23:14; Ezechiel 16:46, 48).
Alibi apud Esajam:
"Ecce Ego creans Caelum novum et Terram novam; non commemorabuntur priora: laetamini et exultate in aeternitates, quae Ego creans. Ecce Ego creaturus Hierosolymam exultationem, et populum ejus laetitiam, ut exultem super Hierosolyma, et laeter super populo Meo. Tunc lupus et agnus pascent simul: non malum facient in toto monte sanctitatis Meae," (65:17-19, 25);
etiam in hoc capite agitur de Adventu Domini, et de Ecclesia ab Ipso instauranda, quae non instaurata est apud illos qui in Hierosolyma, sed apud illos qui extra illam erant; quare haec Ecclesia intelligitur per "Hierosolymam" quae erit Domino "exultatio," et cujus populus erit Ipsi "laetitia;" tum ubi "lupus et agnus pascent simul," et ubi "non malum facient." Hic quoque dicitur quemadmodum in Apocalypsi, quod Dominus "creaturus Caelum novum et Terram novam," et quoque quod "creaturus sit Hierosolymam," per quae similia significantur. Alibi apud Esajam:
"Excitare, excitare, indue robur tuum Zion; indue vestes decoris tui Hierosolyma, urbs sanctitatis; quia non addet ut in te veniat amplius praeputiatus et immundus: excute te e pulvere, surge, sede Hierosolyma. Cognoscet populus Nomen Meum in die illo, nam Ego Ille Qui loquor, ecce Me: consolatus est Jehovah populum Suum, redemit Hierosolymam," (52:1-2, 6, 9);
etiam in eo capite agitur de Adventu Domini, et de Ecclesia ab Ipso instauranda; quare per "Hierosolymam," in quam "non amplius veniet praeputiatus et immundus," et quam "Dominus redimet," intelligitur Ecclesia; et per "Hierosolymam Urbem sanctitatis," Ecclesia quoad doctrinam a Domino et de Domino. apud Zephaniam:
"Jubila filia Zionis, laetare ex omni corde filia Hierosolymae; Rex Israelis in medio tui, ne time malum amplius; laetabitur super te cum gaudio, acquiescet in amore tuo, exultabit super te cum jubilo; dabo vos in nomen et laudem omnibus populis terrae," (3:14-15, 17, 20); 1
similiter hic de Domino et de Ecclesia ab Ipso, super qua "Rex Israelis," Qui est Dominus, "laetabitur cum gaudio, exultabit cum jubilo," et in Cujus amore "requiescet," et Qui dabit illos "in nomen et laudem omnibus populis terrae." apud Esajam:
"Sic dixit Jehovah Redemptor tuus et Formator tuus; dicens Hierosolymae, Habitaberis, et urbibus Jehudae, Aedificabimini," (44:24, 26).
Et apud Danielem:
"Scito et percipito, ab exitu Verbi usque ad restituendum et ad aedificandum Hierosolymam, usque ad Messiam Principem, Septimanae Septem," (9:25); 2
quod per "Hierosolymam" etiam hic intelligatur Ecclesia, patet, quoniam haec a Domino restituebatur et aedificabatur, non autem Hierosolyma sedes Judaeorum. Per "Hierosolymam" intelligitur Ecclesia a Domino etiam in sequentibus locis. apud Sachariam:
"Sic dixit Jehovah, Revertar ad Zionem, et habitabo in medio Hierosolymae; unde vocabitur Hierosolyma, Urbs veritatis, et Mons Jehovae Zebaoth, Mons sanctitatis," (8:3, 20-23);
apud Joelem:
"Tunc cognoscetis quod Ego Jehovah Deus vester, habitans in Zione, Monte sanctitatis, et erit Hierosolyma sanctitas; et fiet in die illo, stillabunt montes mustum, et colles fluent lacte, et Hierosolyma sedebit in generationem et generationem," (4:17-21 (B.A. 3:17-18, 20);
apud Esajam:
"In die illo erit germen Jehovae in decus et in gloriam; et fiet, relictus in Zione, et residuus in Hierosolyma, sanctus dicetur: omnis scriptus ad vitam in Hierosolyma," (4:2-3);
apud Micham:
"In extremitate dierum erit Mons domus Jehovae constitutus in caput montium; nam e Zione exibit doctrina, et Verbum Jehovae ex Hierosolyma; ad te veniet regnum prius, regnum filiae Hierosolymae," (4:1-2, 8);
apud Jeremiam:
"In tempore illo vocabunt Hierosolymam Thronum Jehovae, et congregabuntur omnes gentes ob Nomen Jehovae Hierosolymam; neque ibunt amplius post confirmationem cordis sui mali," (3:17);
apud Esajam:
"Specta Zionem, Urbem festi stati nostri: oculi tui videant Hierosolymam, Habitaculum tranquillum, Tabernaculum quod non dissipabitur; non removebuntur clavi ejus in perpetuum, et omnes funes ejus non avellentur," (33:20).
(Praeter etiam alibi, ut 24:23; 37:32; 66:10-14; Sacharias 12:3, 6, 8-10; 14:8, 11-12, 21; Malachias 3:2, 4; Psalm 122:1-7; Psalm 137:5-7) 3
Quod per "Hierosolymam" in illis locis intelligatur Ecclesia quae a Domino instauranda erat, et non Hierosolyma in Terra Canaane a Judaeis habitata, constare etiam potest a locis in Verbo, ubi de hac dicitur, quod prorsus deperdita sit, et quod destruenda (Ut Jeremias 5:1; 6:6-7; 7:17-18, seq.; 8:6-8, seq. 9:10-11, 13, seq.; 13:9-10, 14; 14:16; Threni 1:8-9, 17; Ezechiel 4; 5:9 ad fin.; 12:18-19; 15:6-8; 16:1-63; 23:1-49; Matthaeus 23:37-38; Luca 19:41-44; 21:20-22; 23:28-30; et multis aliis in locis).
Footnotes:
1. 14, 15, 17, 20 pro "14, 15, 17, 17, 20"
2. ix. pro "x."
3. 5-7 pro "4, 5, 6"