514# “船只的第三部分也坏了”表示来自圣言和取自圣言的教义的一切知识或认知也都灭亡了。这从“第三部分”和“船只”的含义清楚可知：“第三部分”是指每一个事物，在此是指所有或全部，因为它论及真理和良善的知识或认知；“船只”是指真理和良善的知识或认知，也指教义。“船只”具有这种含义，是因为它们载着财富漂洋过海来交易；在圣言中，“财富”表示真理和良善的知识或认知，也就是教义。“船”在严格意义上因是盛载的器皿而表示圣言和取自圣言的教义，因为圣言和取自圣言的教义包含真理和良善的知识或认知，正如船包含财富；主要通过船只来完成的“交易或贸易”表示为自己获得知识或认知，并把它们传给其他人。但当所指的，是被包含的事物，而不是进行包含的事物时，“船”表示来自圣言和取自圣言的教义的知识或认知。
“船”的这种含义从圣言中提到它们的经文明显看出来。因此，在以西结书：
推罗啊，你的疆界在海心，建造你的使你的美丽完全。他们用示尼珥的松树作你的一切板；用黎巴嫩的香柏树作你的桅杆。用巴珊的橡树作你的桨；用象牙作你的舱板，就是基提海岛台阶的女儿。西顿和亚发的居民作你划桨的；推罗啊，你中间的智慧人作掌舵的(或船长)。迦巴勒的老者和智慧人都在你中间修补裂缝；海上一切的船只和水手都在你那里进行货物交易。他施的船只接连成帮为你运货，你便在海心被充满，极其荣华。(以西结书27:4–6, 8–9, 25)
这一章论述的主题是推罗。由于“推罗”表示真理和良善的知识或认知，所以经上也论述了她的交易和她所富有的各种货物。事实上，她用她所富有的各种货物来交易，表示获得这些知识或认知，以及由此而来的属灵财富。故此处描述了船只及其一切装备，它的板、桨、桅杆，以及掌舵的、划桨的和水手，前面和后面几节经文则描述了它的货物。但在此解释这一切细节在灵义上表示什么，会占用大量篇幅；只说明以下内容就足够了，即：由此明显看出，“船”表示取自圣言的教义，它的“板”、“桨”和“桅杆”表示构成这教义的各种事物；“掌舵的”、“船长”、“划桨的”和“水手”表示那些教导、引领和掌管的人，它的“货物”表示教义本身，“交易”表示获得属灵财物和属灵财富，也就是真理和良善的知识或认知，智慧通过这些知识或认知而获得；故经上说：“推罗啊，你中间的智慧人作掌舵的或船长。”
下一章也论述了推罗：
看哪，你比但以理更有智慧，任何秘密都不能向你隐藏；你靠自己的智慧聪明为自己得了财富，得了金银收入你的宝库；你靠你丰富的智慧和贸易增加你的财富。(以西结书28:3–5)
从这些经文清楚可知，“推罗”和她的“贸易”表示真理和良善的知识或认知，智慧通过它们而获得。如果所指的不是属灵事物，那么关于她的货物和商品，经上说这么多有什么意义呢？“推罗”表示真理和良善的知识或认知方面的教会，因而表示属于教会的真理和良善的知识或认知(参看《属天的奥秘》，1201节)。
这一章还论述了教会在真理和良善的知识或认知方面的荒废，并以这些话来描述：
因掌舵者的呼声，郊野就必震动。所有划桨的和所有在海上掌舵的，都必下船，他们必为你痛哭。(以西结书27:28–30)
“掌舵者(或船长)”表示那些通过来自圣言的知识或认知而有智慧的人；“划桨的”表示那些有聪明的人；“掌舵者的呼声”和“划桨的必下船”表示智慧和聪明的荒废。
514b.在圣言中，当“船”是指货物，也就是容器所包含的内容时，“船”表示来自圣言的真理和良善的知识或认知，以及教义，这一点从以下经文进一步清楚看出来。以赛亚书：
哀号吧，他施的船只；因为推罗荒废了。海岛的居民，就是航海的西顿商人，当静默无言，他们已充满你。哀号吧，他施的船只，因你们的堡垒已被毁灭了。(以赛亚书23:1–2, 14)
“他施的船只”表示来自圣言的教义，因为这些船只运载金银，金银表示来自圣言的良善和真理，以及关于它们的知识或认知；由于“推罗”表示真理和良善的知识或认知方面的教会，在此表示荒废的教会，所以经上说：“哀号吧，他施的船只；因为推罗荒废了。”“海岛的居民”表示那些照其教义而处于生活良善的人；“西顿商人”表示那些处于来自圣言的真理之人；论到他们，经上说：“他们已充满你。”“你们的堡垒”表示进行保护的来自圣言的教义；“它已被毁灭了”表示没有对它的感知，因而没有真理；来自圣言的这些教义若没有属灵的感知，就不是真理，因为它们被关于它们的不正确的观念歪曲了。
同一先知书：
众海岛必倚赖我，他施的船只领先，将你的众子，连他们的银金从远方一同带来。(以赛亚书60:9)
“领先的他施船只”表示真理和良善的知识或认知，就是诸如那些被改造的人首先所拥有的那种；对此，可参看前文(AE 406c节)，那里解释了这些事物。因为领先的他施船只带来大量金银，金银表示生活的良善和教义的真理。
论到他施的船只，列王纪上说：
所罗门在以东地红海边，靠近以禄的以旬·迦别制造船只。希兰差遣他的仆人，就是熟悉航海的船员，与所罗门的仆人。他们到了俄斐，得了四百二十他连得金子，运到所罗门王那里。(列王纪上9:26–28)
又：
王有他施船只与希兰的船只一同航海；他施的船只三年来了一次，带来金、银、象牙、猿猴、孔雀。(列王纪上10:22)
又：
约沙法王造了他施船只，要往俄斐去运金子；只是没有去，因为船在以旬·迦别毁坏了。(列王纪上22:48)
尽管这些事都是历史事实，但它们仍包含灵义，和预言部分一样。“在以东地红海边，以旬·迦别制造的船只”表示属世人的知识或科学，因为这些知识或科学包含属灵的财富在自己里面，可以说运载它们，如同船只运载世俗的财富。“红海”和“以东地”，就是以旬·迦别所在之地，是迦南地的最远边界，而“迦南地的最远边界”表示教会的终端，也就是包含对真理和良善的认知的知识或科学。“金和银”表示内在教会的良善和真理；“象牙、猿猴、孔雀”表示外在教会的真理和良善；知识(或科学)在此是指诸如古人所拥有的那类知识，即关于对应、代表、流注，以及天堂和地狱的知识(或科学)；这些知识尤其包含并服务于对教会的真理和良善的认知；“希兰”表示在教会之外的民族，他们那里有对良善和真理的认知；被毁坏的约沙法王名下的“船只”表示教会在其真理和良善方面的破坏。
从这些考虑可以看出，在前面引用的经文，以及诗篇中，“他施的船只”具体表示什么：
你用东风打破他施的船只。(诗篇48:7)
“东风”表示破坏和荒凉；因为在灵界，从东方来的风推翻恶人的住所，连它们的根基都推翻，他们自己与他们所心系的财富一起被扔进地狱(关于这风，可参看小著《最后的审判》，61节)。“他施的船只”在此表示虚假的教义。
以赛亚书：
万军之耶和华的日子临到黎巴嫩所有高大和被抬高的香柏树，并巴珊所有的橡树；临到一切高山、一切被抬高的小山，临到一切高塔、一切围墙，临到他施一切的船只、仰慕的一切形像，人的傲慢必下拜，人的高傲必拉低；在那日，惟独耶和华被尊崇。(以赛亚书2:12–17)
“耶和华的日子”表示当主完成最后的审判时，祂的降临。主在世时完成了一次最后的审判(可参看小著《最后的审判》，46节)。这段经文讲述的是被施行审判的教会里的人；“黎巴嫩高大和被抬高的香柏树”表示那些以自我聪明为骄傲的人；“巴珊的橡树”表示那些以自己的知识(或科学) 为骄傲的人，因为在圣言中，“香柏树”论及理性人，“橡树”论及属世人，聪明属于理性人，知识(或科学)属于属世人。“高山和被抬高的小山”表示那些处于自我之爱和世界之爱的人(参看AE 405g)；“高塔”和“围墙”表示确认的虚假原则，因而表示所有处于这些原则的人；“他施的船只”和“仰慕的形像”表示赞成尘世之爱的快乐的虚假教义。“人的傲慢必下拜，人的高傲必拉低”表示源于自我聪明和知识(或科学)的骄傲自大的毁灭；“在那日，惟独耶和华被尊崇”表示一切聪明和知识(或科学)都来自主。人们以为知识(或科学)来自人；但只要知识服务于有对真理的感知在其中的聪明，它就唯独来自主。
514c.以赛亚书：
在锡安，在耶路撒冷，荣耀的耶和华必给我们作江河溪流和宽阔之地；其中必没有荡桨摇橹的船来往，也没有壮丽的船经过。(以赛亚书33:21)
“锡安和耶路撒冷”表示主的教会，“锡安”表示爱之良善掌权的教会，“耶路撒冷”表示教义之真理掌权的教会。当教会之人具有这种品质：他们成为来自主的神性良善和真理的接受者时，耶和华就被称为“荣耀”(或壮丽)；当他们的一切智慧和聪明、良善和真理都来自主时，锡安和耶路撒冷就被称为“江河溪流和宽阔之地”，“江河”表示智慧，“溪流”表示聪明，“宽阔”表示大量和延伸的来自良善的真理；“其中必没有荡桨摇橹的船来往，也没有壮丽的船经过”表示教会必没有源于自我的聪明和智慧；“荡桨摇橹的船”表示源于自我的聪明，因为它是由人通过船桨来摇动的，“壮丽的船”表示源于自我的智慧，因为人因这智慧而骄傲自大；事实上，当船经过并穿越大海，如此航行运载货物或财物时，它表示聪明和智慧。显然，此处所指的不是船只，因为这话是指着锡安和耶路撒冷说的。
诗篇：
耶和华啊，你所造的何其多；这海又大又广，其中有无数的爬行物，大小活物都有。那里有船行走；有你所造的利维坦(或鲸鱼)在其中嬉戏。这一切都等候你，靠你按时赐给它们食物。(诗篇104:24–27)
此处所指的，不是海，也不是爬行物、活物、利维坦(或鲸鱼)和船，而是指诸如与教会之人同在的那类事物，因为这些就是那“等候耶和华”的。“又大又广的海”表示外在人或属世人，它将良善和真理作为知识来接受，“大”论及其中的良善，“广”论及其中的真理。“爬行物”表示活的知识或科学；“大小活物”表示各种良善和真理的知识或认知，无论高等的，还是低等的，也无论总体还是细节，如前所示(AE 513节)。“船”表示教义，“利维坦”(或鲸鱼)表示整体上属世人的一切事物；经上说这属世人因知道、从而变得智慧的快乐而“在海中嬉戏”。由于人凭这些事物而被知道和理解的渴望驱动，所以经上说：“这一切都等候你，靠你按时赐给它们食物。”“等候”表示渴望，“食物”表示知识(或科学)和聪明；因为人不是从他自己，而是从他从主那里所拥有的事物而渴望这些；因此，这些事物就是人里面的渴望的源头，尽管表面上看，好像是人从他自己渴望。
诗篇：
乘船下海，在多水中做生意的；这些人看见耶和华的行为，并祂在深处的奇事。(诗篇107:23–24)
“乘船下海，在多水中做生意的”表示那些专心研究来自圣言的真理教义的人；“这些人看见耶和华的行为，并祂在深处的奇事”表示他们理解天堂和教会的真理和良善，及其隐藏的事物，“耶和华的行为”表示使人完善的圣言的一切事物，这一切事物都与良善和真理有关；“在深处的奇事”表示隐藏的聪明和智慧的事物。
以赛亚书：
耶和华你们的救赎主，以色列的圣者如此说，因你们的缘故，我已经派人到巴比伦去，我要丢弃一切门闩和迦勒底人，他们船上有哭喊声。(以赛亚书43:14)
此处论述的主题是把信徒从那些荒废教会之人的压制中释放出来；“巴比伦”表示那些荒废教会的人，他们通过使所有人都远离真理和良善的知识或认知，声称唯独他们拥有知识，必须被相信而荒废教会，而事实上，他们对真理一无所知；因此，他们既把自己，也把其他人保持在极度无知之中，使他们远离对主的敬拜，好叫他们自己可以被敬拜。“丢弃他们的门闩”表示摧毁他们的虚假原则和毁坏真理的虚假，“门闩”表示虚假原则，“迦勒底人”表示那些通过虚假毁坏的人；因为在圣言中，“巴比伦”表示那些通过邪恶摧毁良善的人，“迦勒底人”表示那些通过虚假摧毁真理的人。“他们船上有哭喊声”表示对他们教义的摧毁。
在启示录，经上以“船”进一步描述了这种摧毁：
一时之间，这么大的财富就荒废了。每个船主，每个乘船的和水手，并所有靠海为业的，都远远地站着，又把尘土撒在头上，哭泣悲哀，喊着说，祸哉，祸哉，这大城巴比伦，凡有船在海中的，都因她的奢侈成了富足；她在一时之间就变为荒凉。(启示18:17, 19)
下文会进一步解释这段经文。但以理书：
到了末期，南方王要与北方王发生冲突；北方王必用战车、马兵和许多战船，势如暴风冲向他，也必进入这地，漫过并渗透。(但以理书11:40)
“末期”表示教会的末期，那时因没有良善而没有真理；“南方王”表示在光中的真理，也就是来自良善的真理；“北方王”表示因没有良善而没有真理，因而表示虚假；哪里没有真理，哪里就有虚假，因为那时人从天堂转向世界，从主转向自我；当没有任何东西由主那里从天堂流入时，就只有来自邪恶的虚假从自我和世界流入。本章以南方王与北方王之间的争战描述了在教会的末期，来自良善的真理与来自邪恶的虚假之间的争战。“北方王必用战车、马兵和许多战船冲向南方王”表示那时虚假将冲进来，摧毁真理，“战车”表示虚假的教义，“马兵”表示由此而来的推理，“战船”表示各种虚假和对真理的歪曲；“他必进入这地，漫过并渗透”表示虚假将摧毁教会的一切事物，无论外层还是内层。
摩西五经：
耶和华必用船把你送回埃及去，沿着我曾对你说，你不得再见的那条路；在那里你们必卖身给你的仇敌作仆婢，却没有人要买。(申命记28:68)
此处论述的主题是当他们不照着主在圣言中的戒律生活时，教会在真理方面的荒凉；这些话是对以色列人说的，“以色列人”代表、因而表示圣言所在的教会，由此表示教义的真理，因而表示属灵人；但“埃及人”表示纯属世人。“耶和华必用船把他们送回埃及去”表示由于虚假的教义，他们将成为纯属世人，“船”表示虚假的教义；“沿着我曾对你说，你不得再见的那条路”表示从一个属灵人变成一个纯属世人，因为教会之人是从一个属世人变成属灵的；但当他不照着来自圣言的诫命生活时，就从一个属灵人变成纯属世的；“在那里你们必卖身给你的仇敌作仆婢”表示虚假和邪恶将占据主导地位；“却没有人要买”表示变得极其卑贱。
约伯记：
我的日子比奔跑者更快；它们逃走，不见良善；它们乘渴望的船掠过，像老鹰猛扑食物。(约伯记9:25–26)
“日子掠过所乘的渴望的船”表示各种属世情感和快乐，它们只属于世界和身体；由于这些比属灵事物更让人急切地渴望，并被吸收，所以经上说：“像老鹰猛扑食物。”
摩西五经：
西布伦必住在海边的港口，住在停船的港口；他的极边必延到西顿。(创世记49:13)
“西布伦”表示良善与真理的结合；“西布伦必住在海边的港口”表示真理的生活；“住在停船的港口”表示照着来自圣言的教义；“他的极边必延到西顿”表示一部分延伸到良善的知识或认知。关于这些事物，可参看《属天的奥秘》(6382–6386节)中的解释。
民数记：
必有船只从基提海岸而来，它们苦害亚述，苦害希伯；但他也必至于灭亡。(民数记24:24)
这些话来自巴兰的预言。“从基提海岸而来的船只”表示那些属于古教会的人所拥有的真理和良善的知识或认知；它们要苦害的“亚述”表示基于虚假的推理；他们还要苦害的“希伯”表示敬拜的外在，就是诸如存在于雅各子孙当中的那种；“他也必至于灭亡”表示他们在真理和良善方面的荒废。
士师记：
基列，你为何居住在约旦河渡口？但为何要惧怕船只？(士师记5:17)
“基列”与“玛拿西”所表相同，“玛拿西”表示属世人的良善；玛拿西支派没有与底波拉和巴拉一起与敌人作战，所以经上说：“基列，你为何居住在约旦河渡口？”这表示你为何只活在属于外在人的外在之中？约旦河以外的地区表示教会的外在，约旦河以内的地区表示教会的内在。教会的外在与那些比起属灵，更属世的人同在。由于但支派没有与底波拉和巴拉联合与敌人作战，所以经上说：“但为何要惧怕船只？”这表示人为何不弃绝或驱逐虚假和虚假的教义？
正如旧约中的一切事物都包含灵义在自己里面，包含在福音书和启示录里的新约中的一切事物也是如此。此外，主的一切话，以及祂的行为和神迹，都表示神性属天事物或属天的神性事物，因为主出于神性说话，也出于神性，因而从最初事物通过最后事物，从而在完全中作工并行神迹。由此可见，主从船上教导具有意义；当一些门徒正在打鱼时，祂从船上呼召或拣选他们也具有意义；祂在海上走到门徒所在的船那里，由此使风平静同样具有意义。
514d.关于主从船上教导，福音书上说：
耶稣坐在海边。有一大群人聚集到祂那里，祂只好上船坐下；众人都站在岸上。祂用比喻对他们讲许多事。(马太福音13:1–2等; 马可福音4:1–2等)
路加福音：
耶稣站在革尼撒勒湖边，看见两只船停在湖边。然后祂上了其中的一只船，是西门的，请他撑开，稍微离开地。祂就坐下，从船上教导众人。(路加福音5:1–3)
此处每个细节都有一个灵义，如：祂坐在海边、站在革尼撒勒湖边，然后祂上了西门的船，从船上教导众人。之所以这样，是因为“海”和“革尼撒勒湖”当论及主时，表示整体上的良善和真理的知识，“西门的船”表示信之教义；因此，“祂从船上教导”表示从教义教导。
关于主在海上走到门徒所在的船那里，福音书上说：
载着主门徒的船在海中间，被风吹动。夜里四更天，耶稣在海上走，往他们那里去。彼得说，请叫我从水上到你那里去。耶稣说，你来吧。于是，彼得就下去，在水上走，要到耶稣那里去。但开始下沉，他就害怕。耶稣伸手拉住他，说，你这小信的人哪，为什么疑惑呢？ 他们上了船，风就住了。在船上的人都拜祂，说，你真是神的儿子。(马太福音14:24–33; 马可福音6:48–52)
约翰福音：
到了晚上，祂的门徒下到海边；他们上了船，要渡海往迦百农去。当时天已经黑了，耶稣还没有到他们那里。海被大风吹动。他们划了二十五或三十斯他丢时，看见耶稣在海上走，渐渐靠近船，他们就害怕。但祂说，是我；不要怕。他们就欣然接耶稣上船，船立刻到了他们所要去的地方。(约翰福音6:16–21等)
此处这一切细节都表示神性属灵事物，然而，这些事物并未显现在字面上；如海，主在海上走，祂来到门徒这里时的四更天，船，祂上船，从那里斥责风和海浪，以及其它细节。但没有必要在此解释分别表示的，是哪些属灵事物；只说明“海”表示天堂和教会的终端，因为天堂的最远边界有海；主在海上走表示主的同在和祂甚至进入这些的流注，因而对那些处于天堂终端的人来说，来自神性的生命；主在海上走代表他们来自神性的生命；彼得在海上走，并开始下沉，但当主拉住他时，他就得救了，代表他们模糊和游荡的信；在圣言中，“走”表示生活。这事发生在“四更天”，以表示当天要破晓，早晨即将到来时，教会的第一个状态，因为那时良善开始通过真理行动，并且那时主降临了；在此期间，海被风吹动，主使它平静，表示之前属世的生命状态，这是一种混乱不安，可以说狂风暴雨的状态；但当状态接近早晨，就是与人同在的教会的第一个状态时，心灵的宁静就到来了，因为那时主存在于爱之良善中。
主使风和海浪平静所表相同，如福音书所描述的：
耶稣上了船，祂的门徒跟着祂。看哪，海上起了大暴风，甚至船被波浪掩盖；耶稣却睡着了。于是门徒到祂跟前叫醒了祂，说，主啊，救我们，我们丧命啦！然后祂起来斥责风，就大大平静了。(马太福音8:23–26; 马可福音4:36–40; 路加福音8:23–24)
这代表当教会之人处于一种属世状态，还没有处于一种属灵状态时，他们的状态；在这种状态下，属世情感，也就是源于对自我和世界的爱的各种欲望升上来，并造成心智的各种扰乱。在这种状态下，主似乎不在；主睡着了就表示这种表面上的不在；但当他们从一个属世状态出来进入一个属灵状态时，这些扰乱就止息了，心灵的宁静随之 到来。因为当属灵心智打开时，主就使属世人的狂暴激情平静，并通过属灵心智进入属世心智。由于属于对自我和世界的爱的情感，以及由此而来的思维和推理来自地狱，因它们是从地狱升上来进入属世人的各种欲望，所以这些也由“风和海浪”来表示，“海”在灵义上表示地狱本身。
这一点也可从经上说“主斥责风”清楚看出来，如在马可福音：
耶稣醒了，斥责风，向海说，住了吧！静了吧！风就止住，大大平静了。(马可福音4:39)
这话不可能是对风和海说的，除非这些事物表示地狱，由此产生源于各种欲望的心智的狂暴动乱。“海”也表示地狱(可参看AE 342c节)。
启示录8:10, 11
514. And the third part of the ships perished.- That this signifies also all cognitions from the Word, and from doctrines thence, is evident from the signification of the third part, as denoting everything (omne), in this case all (omnes), because it is said of the cognitions of truth and good; and from the signification of ships, as denoting the cognitions of truth and good, also doctrinals. Ships have this signification, because they carry wealth over the sea for merchandize; and wealth, in the Word, signifies the cognitions of truth and good, which are also doctrinals. Ships in a strict sense, in which a containant is meant, signify the Word, and doctrine from the Word, because the Word and thence doctrine contain the cognitions of truth and good, as ships contain wealth. And to trade, which is chiefly done by means of ships, signifies to procure for oneself cognitions, and to communicate them to others; but when the things contained are understood instead of the thing which contains, then ships signify cognitions from the Word, and from doctrine from the Word. That ships signify such things is evident from the passages where they are mentioned in the Word.
[2] Thus in Ezekiel:
O Tyre "thy borders are in the heart of the sea, thy builders have perfected thy beauty. They have made all thy planks of fir trees of Senir; they have taken the cedar from Lebanon to make a mast for thee. Of the oaks of Bashan have they made thine oars; they have made thy planks of ivory, a daughter of steps from the isles of Chittim. The inhabitants of Zidon and Arvad were thy rowers; thy wise men, O Tyre, were in thee, they were thy pilots. The elders of Gebal and the wise men thereof were in thee stopping thy fissure; all the ships of the sea and their mariners were in thee to trade thy trading. The ships of Tarshish, thy troops in thy market; whence thou wast replenished, and greatly honoured in the heart of the seas" (27:4-6, 8, 9, 25).
The subject treated of in this chapter is Tyre. And because Tyre signifies the cognitions of truth and good, therefore also her trading is treated of, and the different kinds of wares by which she was enriched; for her trading with different kinds of wares with which she was enriched signify the acquisition of those cognitions, and thence spiritual wealth. Here therefore a ship is described with all its equipment, planks, oars, mast, pilots, rowers, and sailors, and in the preceding and following verses, the wares. But the signification of every detail in the spiritual sense it would be tedious here to describe; it will be sufficient to observe, that it is evident that a ship signifies doctrine from the Word, and that its planks, oars, and mast, signify the various things from which doctrine is; and, that those who teach, lead, and rule, are meant by the pilot, the shipmasters, the rowers, and sailors, and the doctrinals themselves by its wares, the acquisition of wealth and spiritual riches, which are the cognitions of truth and good; and the means by which wisdom is obtained, are meant by trading; it is therefore said,
"Thy wise men, O Tyre, were in thee, they were thy pilots."
[3] And in the following chapter, where also Tyre is treated of:
"Behold, thou art wiser than Daniel; there is no secret that they have hidden from thee; in thy wisdom and in thine understanding thou hast gotten thee riches, and hast gotten gold and silver into thy treasuries; by the multitude of thy wisdom in thy trading hast thou increased thy riches" (Arcana Coelestia 1201).
[4] The vastation of the Church, as to the cognitions of good and truth, is afterwards treated of in the same chapter, and is described in these words:
"The suburbs shall shake at the sound of the cry of thy pilots; and all that handle the oar, all the pilots of the sea, shall come down from their ships, they shall cry bitterly over thee" (xxvii.
[28], 29, 30).
Pilots signify those who are wise by means of cognitions from the Word; by them that handle the oar, are signified the intelligent; the vastation of wisdom and intelligence is signified by the sound of the cry of the pilots, and by those who handle the oar descending from the ships.
[5] That in the Word the cognitions of truth and good and also doctrinals from the Word are meant by ships, when they signify wealth, that is when the contents are put for that which contains, is still further evident from the following places.
In Isaiah:
"Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for Tyre is laid waste. The inhabitants of the island are silent, the merchant of Zidon who passes over the sea, has replenished thee. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for your stronghold is laid waste" (23:1, 2, 14).
The ships of Tarshish mean doctrinals from the Word; for those ships carried gold and silver, by which are signified goods and truths, and the cognitions of them, from the Word; and because Tyre signifies the church as to the cognitions of truth and good, in the present case, that church vastated, hence it is said, "Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for Tyre is laid waste." The inhabitants of the isle mean those who are in goods of life according to their doctrinals; the merchants of Zidon signify those who are in truths from the Word, of whom it is said, "They have replenished thee." Your stronghold signifies doctrine from the Word defending, and its being laid waste signifies that there is no perception of it, and thence that it is not true; for similar doctrinals from the Word, apart from spiritual perception, are not true, because falsified by incorrect ideas concerning them.
[6] In the same prophet:
"The isles shall trust to me, and the ships of Tarshish in the beginning, to bring thy sons from far, their silver and their gold with them" (406:11), where those things have been explained. For the ships of Tarshish, in the beginning, brought gold and silver in great abundance, which signify the goods of life and truths of doctrine.
[7] Concerning the ships of Tarshish it is written in the first Book of Kings:
"Solomon made a ship in Ezion-geber, which is beside Eloth, on the shore of the Sea Suph (Red Sea), in the land of Edom. And Hiram sent his servants, shipmen that had knowledge of the sea, with the servants of Solomon; they came to Ophir, and fetched gold, four hundred and twenty talents, and brought it to king Solomon" (9:26-28).
And again:
"For the king had at sea ships of Tarshish with the ships of Hiram; once in three years came the ships of Tarshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks" (10:22).
And again, in the same book, king "Jehoshaphat made ships of Tarshish to go to Ophir for gold, but they went not; for the ships were broken at Ezion-geber" (22:48).
Although these things are matters of history, they nevertheless contain a spiritual sense, equally as the prophetical parts. That ships were made in Ezion-geber, at the shore of the Sea Suph (Red Sea), in the land of Edom, signified the knowledges (scientiae) of the natural man, for these contain in themselves, and as it were carry spiritual wealth, just as ships carry worldly wealth. For the Sea Suph (Red Sea) and the land of Edom, where Ezion-geber was, formed the farthest boundary of the land of Canaan, and the farthest boundaries of the land of Canaan signify the ultimates of the church which are the knowledges that embrace the cognitions of truth and good. Gold and silver signify the goods and truths of the internal church; ivory, apes, and peacocks signify the truths and goods of the external church. Knowledges (scientiae) here mean such knowledges as the ancients possessed, namely, the knowledges (scientiae) of correspondences, of representations, and influxes, and concerning heaven and hell; these especially embraced the cognitions of the truth and good of the church, and were serviceable to them. By Hiram are signified the nations who are outside the church, with whom also there are cognitions of good and truth; and the ships under king Jehoshaphat being broken, signify the devastation of the church as to its truths and goods.
[8] What is specifically signified by the ships of Tarshish, in the passages already cited, is evident from the above considerations; and also in David:
"Thou breakest the ships of Tarshish with the east wind" (Last Judgment 61). The ships of Tarshish here signify false doctrinals.
[9] And in Isaiah:
"The day of Jehovah Zebaoth upon all the cedars of Lebanon, that are high and lifted up, and upon all the oaks of Bashan, and upon all the high mountains, and upon all the hills that are lifted up, and upon every lofty tower, and upon every fenced wall, and upon all the ships of Tarshish, and upon all the images of desire, in order that the pride of man (homo) may be destroyed, and the haughtiness of men (vir) may be humbled; and that Jehovah alone may be exalted in that day" (Last Judgment 46). In this passage, those within the church upon whom judgment was executed, are referred to. The cedars of Lebanon, high and lifted up, signify those who are proud of [their] own intelligence; and the oaks of Bashan, those [who are proud] of their knowledge (scientia); for cedars in the Word refer to the rational man, and oaks to the natural man; and intelligence belongs to the rational man and knowledge (scientia) to the natural man. The high mountains and the hills that are lifted up, signify those who are in the love of self and in the love of the world, as may be seen above (n. 405:35). The lofty tower and the fenced wall, signify confirmed principles of falsity, consequently all those who are in them. By the ships of Tarshish, and by the images of desire, are signified false doctrinals favouring the delights of earthly loves; the destruction of pride, from [man's] own intelligence, and knowledge (scientia), is meant by the words "that the pride of man (homo) may be destroyed, and the haughtiness of men (vir) [be humbled]." That all intelligence and knowledge (scientia) are from the Lord, is signified by "that Jehovah alone may be exalted in that day." It is supposed that knowledge (scientia) is from man; but knowledge so far as it is serviceable for intelligence, wherein is the perception of truth, is from the Lord alone.
[10] In Isaiah:
In Zion and in Jerusalem, "Jehovah magnificent unto us, a place of rivers, of a stream, of breadth of spaces; a ship of oar shall not go therein, nor magnificent ship pass through it" (33:21).
Zion and Jerusalem mean the church of the Lord; Zion, the church where the good of love rules; and Jerusalem, where the truth of doctrine [rules]. Jehovah is there called magnificent when the men of the church are of such a quality that they become recipients of Divine Good and Truth from the Lord. Zion and Jerusalem are called a place of rivers, of a stream, and of breadth of spaces, when all their intelligence and wisdom, and their good and truth, are from the Lord; rivers denoting wisdom; stream, intelligence; and the breadth of spaces, truths from good in multitude and extension. A ship of oar shall not go therein, nor magnificent ship pass through, signifies that in the church there shall be no intelligence and wisdom from the proprium. A ship of oar signifies intelligence from the proprium, because it is moved by men by means of oars; and a magnificent ship signifies wisdom from the proprium, because man, from that, is arrogant, and proud; for a ship when it is passing along, and going through the sea, being then in its course and carrying its wealth, signifies intelligence and wisdom. That a ship is not here meant is evident, for this is spoken of Zion and Jerusalem.
[11] In David:
"O Jehovah, how manifold are thy works! This sea great and wide in spaces, wherein are things creeping innumerable, animals both small and great; there go the ships; there is that leviathan, whom thou hast made to play therein; all things wait for thee, that thou mayest give them their food in its season" (513). Ships mean doctrinals. The leviathan or sea monster means all things of the natural man in the aggregate, who is said to sport in the sea, from the delight of knowing and thence of becoming wise. Because man is moved by these things with the desire to know and understand, it is therefore said, "All things wait for thee, that thou mayest give them their meat in its season." To wait for signifies to desire, and food signifies knowledge (scientia) and intelligence; for man from himself does not desire these, but from those which he has from the Lord; these things therefore [are the source of desire] in man, although it appears as though man [desires] from himself.
[12] So again:
"They that go down to the sea in ships, that do business in many waters; these have seen the works of Jehovah, and his wonders in the deep" (Psalm 107:23, 24).
They that go down to the sea in ships, that do business in many waters, signify those who attentively study the doctrine of truth from the Word. These have seen the works of Jehovah, and His wonders in the deep, signifies that they understand the truths and goods of heaven and the church, and the hidden things thereof; the works of Jehovah denote all things of the Word which perfect man, all of which have reference to good and truth; and the wonders in the deep denote the hidden things of intelligence and wisdom.
[13] In Isaiah:
"Thus saith Jehovah, your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel; For your sakes I have sent to Babel, and I will cast down all the bars, and the Chaldeans, in whose ships there is a cry" (43:14).
The subject here is the liberation of the faithful from the oppression of those who vastate the church; those who vastate it are meant by Babel, and they vastate by withholding everyone from the cognitions of truth and good, declaring that they alone possess knowledge, and are to be believed, when yet they know nothing of truth; and so they keep both themselves and others in dense ignorance and turn them away from the worship of the Lord, in order that they themselves may be worshipped. To cast down their bars signifies to destroy their principles of falsity and the falsities which devastate truths, bars signifying principles of falsity. By the Chaldeans are meant those who devastate by means of falsities; for by Babel, in the Word, are signified those who by evils destroy goods, and by the Chaldeans, those who by means of falsities destroy truths. In whose ships there is a cry, denotes the destruction of their doctrinals.
[14] This destruction is thus described in the Apocalypse by ships:
"In one hour so great riches is made desolate. And every pilot, and every one engaged in ships, and sailors, and all who trade by sea, stood afar off. And they cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and wailing, saying, Alas, alas, that great city," Babylon "wherein were made rich all that had ships in the sea by reason of their costliness, for in one hour is she made desolate" (Revelation 18:17-19).
But this passage may be seen further explained in the following pages.
In Daniel:
"At length at the time of the end shall the king of the south struggle with him; therefore the king of the north shall rush against him like a whirlwind, with chariot and with horsemen, and with many ships; and he shall come upon the land, and shall overflow and penetrate" (11:40).
The time of the end signifies the last time of the church, when there is no truth, because there is no good. By the king of the south is meant truth in the light, which is truth from good. The king of the north means that there is no truth because no good, and therefore falsity; for where there is no truth there is falsity, for then man turns himself from heaven to the world, and from the Lord to self; and when there is nothing, out of heaven from the Lord, then only falsity from evil flows in from self and the world. The combats between good from truth and between falsity from evil, in the last times of the church, are described in that chapter by the combats between the king of the south and the king of the north. That falsities will then rush in, and destroy truths, is meant by the king of the north rushing against the king of the south, with chariots, with horsemen, and with many ships. Chariots denote the doctrine of falsity, horsemen, reasonings therefrom, and ships, falsities of every kind and falsifications of truth. His coming upon the land, and overflowing and penetrating, signifies that falsities would destroy all things of the church, both exterior and interior.
[15] In Moses:
"Jehovah shall bring thee again into Egypt in ships by the way whereof I spake unto thee; thou shalt see it no more again; where ye shall be sold unto your enemies for bondsmen and bondswomen, nor yet a buyer" (Deuteronomy 28:68).
Here the subject is the desolation of the church as to truth, if they do not live according to the precepts of the Lord in the Word. The sons of Israel, to whom these things were said, represented, and thence signified the church in which are the Word, and thence the truths of doctrine, thus spiritual men; but the Egyptians merely natural men. Jehovah shall bring them again into Egypt in ships, signifies that they would become merely natural by doctrinals of falsity, ships denoting doctrinals of falsity. By the way whereof I spake unto thee; thou shalt see it no more again, signifies from the spiritual into the merely natural man; for the man of the church, from natural, becomes spiritual, but when he does not live according to the precepts of the Word, he, from a spiritual, becomes a merely natural man. Where ye shall be sold to your enemies for bondsmen and bondswomen, signifies that falsities and evils shall rule; nor yet a buyer, signifies altogether vile.
[16] In Job:
"My days were swifter than a runner; they fled away, they did not see good. They are passed away with the ships of desire; as the eagle that swoopeth on the prey" (9:25, 26).
The ships of desire with which the days fled away signify natural affections and delights of every kind, which are only of the body and the world; and because these are eagerly desired and imbibed in preference to things spiritual, it is said, "as the eagle that swoopeth on the prey."
[17] In Moses:
"Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the seas; and he shall be for a haven of ships; and his border shall be unto Zidon" (Arcana Coelestia 6382-6386).
[18] So again: "Then there shall be ships from the coasts of Chittim, and shall afflict Ashur, and shall afflict Eber; but he also shall come to destruction" (Num. 24:24).
This is in the prophecy of Balaam. Ships from the coasts of Chittim signify the cognitions of truth and good, which they possessed who were of the Ancient Church; Ashur, whom they shall afflict, signifies reasonings from falsities; and Eber, whom they shall also afflict, signifies the externals of worship, such as they were with the sons of Jacob; their vastation as to truth and good is signified by "he also shall come to destruction."
[19] In the book of Judges:
"Gilead, why dwellest thou in the passing of Jordan; and why shall Dan fear ships?" (5:17).
Gilead means the same as Manasseh, and Manasseh signifies the good of the natural man; and because the tribe of Manasseh did not fight with Deborah and Barak against the enemy, it is said, "Gilead, why dwellest thou in the passing of Jordan?" which signifies why livest thou only in externals, which are of the natural man? The external of the church was signified by the regions beyond Jordan, and its internal by the regions within Jordan. The external of the church is with those who are more natural than spiritual. And because the tribe of Dan was not present with Deborah and Barak in the battle with the enemy, it is said of Dan, "why shall Dan fear ships?" This signifies, why did he not repel falsities and doctrinals of falsity?
[20] As all things in the Old Testament contain in themselves a spiritual sense, so also do all those things in the New Testament, which are contained in the Evangelists, and in the Apocalypse. Also all the words of the Lord, also His deeds and miracles, signify celestial Divine things, because the Lord spake from the Divine, and performed His works and miracles from the Divine, thus from primaries by means of ultimates, and so in fulness. It is therefore evident that the Lord teaching from ships was significative, and also His calling certain disciples from their ships while they were fishing, as well as His walking on the sea to the ship in which His disciples were, and thence His calming the wind.
Concerning the Lord teaching from a ship it is said in the Evangelists,
"Jesus sat by the sea. And great multitudes were gathered together unto him, so that he went into a ship and sat; and the whole multitude stood on the shore. And he spake many things unto them in parables" (Matthew 13:1, 2 and following verses; Mark 4:1, 2 and following verses).
And again:
"[It came to pass that] Jesus stood by the lake of Gennesaret, and saw two ships standing by the lake, then he entered into one of the ships, which was Simon's, and prayed him that he would thrust out a little from the land. And he sat down, and taught the people out of the ship" (Luke 5:1-3).
Here in every detail there is a spiritual sense, both in His sitting by the sea, and [standing] by the lake of Gennesaret, and also in entering into Simon's ship, and teaching many things therefrom. This was done, because the sea, and the lake of Gennesaret, when the Lord is [treated of], signify the knowledges of good and truth in their whole compass, while the ship of Simon signifies the doctrinals of faith; therefore teaching from a ship signified to teach from doctrine.
[21] Concerning the fact of the Lord walking on the sea to the ship in which the disciples were, it is thus written in the Evangelists:
"The ship" (in which the Lord's disciples were), "was in the midst of the sea driven by the wind; in the fourth watch of the night, Jesus went unto them, walking on the sea. And Peter said, Bid me come unto thee on the water. And he said, Come. And when Peter was come down out of the ship he walked on the waters to go to Jesus. But beginning to sink, he was afraid. Jesus stretched forth his hand, and caught him, and said unto him, O thou, of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt? And when they were come into the ship, the wind ceased. Then they that were in the ship worshipped him, saying, Of a truth thou art the Son of God" (Matthew 14:24-33; Mark 6:48-52).
And again:
"When even was come, his disciples went down unto the sea, and entered into a ship, and went over the sea toward Capernaum. And it was now dark, and Jesus was not come to them. And the sea arose by reason of a great wind that blew. When they had rowed about five-and-twenty or thirty furlongs, they see Jesus walking on the sea, and drawing nigh unto the ship; and therefore they were afraid. But he saith, It is I; be not afraid. Then they were willing to receive" Jesus "into the ship; but immediately the ship was at the land whither they were going" (John 6:16-21 and following verses).
All the details here also signify Divine spiritual things, which nevertheless, do not appear in the letter; as the sea, the Lord walking upon it, the fourth watch in which He came to the disciples, the ship, Jesus entering into it, and thence rebuking the wind and the waves of the sea, with other particulars. But it is not necessary to explain what the spiritual things here separately signify, except to state that the sea signifies the ultimate of heaven and of the church, because in the ultimate borders of the heavens there are seas. The walking of the Lord upon the sea, signified the presence and influx of the Lord into them also, and thence life from the Divine with those who are in the ultimates of heaven; the life of these from the Divine was represented by the Lord walking upon the sea. Their obscure and wavering faith was represented by Peter walking upon the sea, and beginning to sink, but being caught by the Lord he was saved. To walk, also, in the Word, signifies to live. This taking place in the fourth watch, signified the first state of the church, when it is daybreak and the morning is at hand, for then good begins to act by means of truth, and then the coming of the Lord takes place; the sea being in the meantime in commotion from the wind, and the Lord calming it, signifies the preceding natural state of the life, which state is turbulent, and, as it were, tempestuous; but when the state is next to the morning, which is the first state of the church with man, there is tranquillity of mind because the Lord is then present in the good of love.
[22] The signification of the Lord's calming the wind and the waves of the sea, as also recorded in the Evangelists, is similar.
"Jesus having entered into a ship, his disciples followed him. But, behold, there arose a great tempest in the sea, insomuch that the ship was covered with the waves; but he was asleep. And his disciples came to him, and awoke him, saying, Lord, save us; we perish. Then he arose, and rebuked the wind and the sea; and there was a great calm" (Matthew 8:23-26; Mark 4:36-40; Luke 8:23, 24).
This represented the state of the men of the church, when in a natural, and not yet in a spiritual [state], in which state the natural affections, which are various desires, that spring from the loves of self and of the world, rise up, and cause various disturbances of the mind. In this state the Lord appears to be absent, and this apparent absence is signified by the Lord being asleep; but when they come out of a natural into a spiritual state, then those disturbances cease, and tranquillity of mind succeeds. For the tempestuous passions of the natural man are calmed by the Lord, when the spiritual mind is opened, and the Lord flows through that into the natural.
Since the affections which are of the love of self and of the world and thence the thoughts and reasonings, are from hell, for they are lusts (concupiscentiae) of every kind which thence rise up into the natural man, therefore these also are signified by the wind and the waves of the sea; and hell itself is signified in the spiritual sense by the sea.
[23] This also is evident from its being said that "the Lord rebuked the wind." And in Mark, "Jesus arose (expergefactus) and rebuked the wind, and said unto the sea, Peace, be still. And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm" (342:10).
514. And the third part of the ships was destroyed, signifies that also all the knowledges from the Word, and from doctrines from the Word perished. This is evident from the signification of "the third part," as being everything, here all, because it is predicated of the knowledges of truth and good; also from the signification of "ships," as being the knowledges of truth and good, also doctrinals. "Ships" have this signification because they carry riches over the sea for traffic, and "riches" signify in the Word the knowledges of truth and good, which also are doctrinals. "Ships," in a strict sense, as being containing vessels, signify the Word and doctrine from the Word, because the Word and doctrine therefrom contain the knowledges of truth and good, as ships contain riches; and "trading," which is chiefly done by ships, signifies acquiring knowledges for oneself and communicating them to others. But when the contents rather than the contained are meant, "ships" signify the knowledges from the Word and from doctrine from the Word.
[2] This signification of "ships" is evident from the passages where they are mentioned in the Word. Thus in Ezekiel:
O Tyre, thy borders are in the heart of the seas, thy builders have perfected thy beauty. They have built for thee all thy planks of fir-trees from Senir; they have taken a cedar from Lebanon to make a mast for thee. Of the oaks of Bashan have they made thine oars; they have made thy benches of ivory, a daughter of steps from the isles of Kittim. The inhabitants of Zidon and Arvad were thy rowers; thy wise men, O Tyre, that were in thee, they were thy ship-masters. The elders of Gebal and the wise men thereof were in thee caulking thy breaches; all the ships of the sea with their mariners were in thee to trade in thy merchandise. The ships of Tarshish served as carriers for thy wares. Thou wast filled and glorified exceedingly in the heart of the seas (Ezekiel 27:4-6, 8, 9, 25).
In this chapter Tyre is treated of; and as "Tyre" signifies the knowledges of truth and good, therefore her trading is treated of, and the various wares by which she was enriched. For "her trading with various wares by which she was enriched" signifies the acquisition of such knowledges and spiritual opulence there from; therefore a ship is here described with all its furniture, its planks, oars, mast, its pilots, rowers, mariners, and in the preceding and following verses, its wares. But it would take too much space to explain here what all these particulars signify in the spiritual sense; it is enough to say that it is evident from this that a "ship" signifies doctrine from the Word, and that its "planks," "oars," and "mast" signify the various things of which doctrine consists; also that those who teach, lead, and rule, are meant by "pilot" "ship-masters," "rowers," and "mariners," and the doctrinals themselves by its "wares," and the acquisition of spiritual wealth and spiritual riches, which are the knowledges of truth and good, through which wisdom is gained, by "trading." It is therefore said, "thy wise men, O Tyre, were in thee, they were thy ship-masters."
[3] Again in the following chapter, which also treats of Tyre:
Behold, thou art wiser than Daniel; there is no secret that they can hide from thee; in thy wisdom and in thine understanding thou hast made to thyself wealth, and hast made gold and silver in thy treasures; by the abundance of thy wisdom in thy trading thou hast increased to thyself wealth (Arcana Coelestia 1201.)
[4] The vastation of the church in respect to the knowledges of truth and good is treated of in the same chapter, and is described in these words:
At the voice of the cry of thy ship-masters the suburbs shall quake. And all that hold the oar shall come down from their ship, all the ship masters of the sea, and shall cry out bitterly over thee (Ezekiel 27:28-30).
"Ship-masters" signify those who are wise by means of knowledges from the Word; "those that hold the oar" signify those who are intelligent; the vastation of wisdom and intelligence is signified by "the voice of the cry of the ship-masters," and by "those who hold the oar shall come down from the ships."
[5] That "ships" in the Word mean the knowledges of truth and good and also doctrinals from the Word, when the cargo is meant by the "ship," that is, the contents for the containant, is further evident from these passages. In Isaiah:
Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for Tyre is devastated. The inhabitants of the island are still, the merchant of Zidon passing over the sea, they have filled thee. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for your stronghold is devastated (Isaiah 23:1, 2, 14).
"The ships of Tarshish" mean doctrinals from the Word, for those ships carried gold and silver, which signify goods and truths and the knowledges of these from the Word; and as "Tyre" signifies the church in respect to the knowledges of truth and good, here the church vastated, therefore it is said, "Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, for Tyre is devastated;" "the inhabitants of the island" mean those who are in the goods of life according to their doctrinals; "the merchants of Zidon" signify those who are in truths from the Word, of whom it is said, "they have filled thee;" "your stronghold" signifies doctrine from the Word defending; and "it is devastated" signifies that there is no perception of it and thence no truth; for the same doctrinals from the Word apart from spiritual perception are not truths, for they are falsified by incorrect ideas respecting them.
[6] In the same:
The isles shall trust in Me, and the ships of Tarshish in the beginning, to bring thy sons from far, their silver and their gold with them (406, where this is explained. For the ships of Tarshish in the beginning brought gold and silver in great abundance, which signified the goods of life and the truths of doctrine.
[7] Of the ships of Tarshish it is said in the first book of Kings:
Solomon made a ship in Ezion-geber, which is beside Eloth, on the shore of the Sea Suph, in the land of Edom. And Hiram sent his servants, shipmen that had knowledge of the sea, with the servants of Solomon. They came to Ophir and took gold, four hundred and twenty talents, and brought it to King Solomon (1 Kings 9:26-28).
And again:
The king had at sea a ship of Tarshish with the ship of Hiram; once in three years came the ship of Tarshish, bringing gold and silver, ivory and apes and peacocks (1 Kings 10:22).
and again in the same book:
King Jehoshaphat built ships of Tarshish to go to Ophir for gold; but they went not, for the ships were broken at Ezion-geber (1 Kings 22:48).
Although these are historical facts they contain a spiritual sense as well as the prophecies; "the ships made in Ezion-geber, at the shore of the Sea Suph in the land of Edom," signified the knowledges of the natural man, for these contain in themselves, and as it were carry, spiritual wealth, as ships carry worldly wealth; for "the Sea Suph" and "the land of Edom," where Ezion-geber was, were the outmost border of the land of Canaan, and the "outmost borders of the land of Canaan" signify the ultimates of the church, which are knowledges (scientiae), including the cognitions [cognitiones] of truth and good. "Gold and silver" signify the goods and truths of the internal church; "ivory, apes, and peacocks," signify the truths and goods of the external church; knowledges (scientia) here meaning such knowledges as the ancients had, namely, the knowledges of correspondences, of representations, and of influxes, and respecting heaven and hell, which especially included and were serviceable to the cognitions of truth and good of the church; "Hiram" signifies the nations that are out of the church with whom also there are cognitions of good and truth; and that the "ships" under king Jehoshaphat "were broken" signifies the devastation of the church in respect to its truths and goods.
[8] From these considerations it can be seen what is signified in particular by "the ships of Tarshish" in the preceding passages, and also in David:
By the east wind Thou breakest the ships of Tarshish (The Last Judgment 61). "The ships of Tarshish" here signify false doctrines.
[9] Also in Isaiah:
The day of Jehovah of Hosts upon all the cedars of Lebanon that are exalted and lifted up, and upon all the oaks of Bashan, and upon all the exalted mountains, and upon all the hills that are lifted up, and upon every lofty tower, and upon every fenced wall, and upon all the ships of Tarshish, and upon all images of desire, that the haughtiness of man [homo] may bow down, and the exaltation of men [viri] be brought low, and Jehovah alone be exalted in that day (The Last Judgment 46.) Those within the church upon whom the judgment was wrought are here recounted; "the cedars of Lebanon exalted and lifted up" signifying those who are boastful from self-intelligence, and "the oaks of Bashan" those who are boastful from knowledge [scientia], for "cedars" in the Word are predicated of the rational man, and "oaks" of the natural man, and intelligence belongs to the rational man, and knowledge to the natural man. "The exalted mountains and hills lifted up" signify those who are in the love of self and in the love of the world (See above, n. 405; "lofty tower" and "fenced wall" signify confirmed principles of falsity, and thus also such as are in them; "the ships of Tarshish and the images of desire" signify the false doctrine favoring the delights of earthly loves. The destruction of the arrogance that springs from self-intelligence and knowledge is meant by "that the haughtiness of man [homo] may bow down, and the exaltation of men [viri] be brought low;" that all intelligence and knowledge are from the Lord is signified by "that Jehovah alone may be exalted in that day." It is believed that knowledge is from man; but so far as knowledge is serviceable to intelligence, in which is the perception of truth, it is from the Lord alone.
[10] In Isaiah:
In Zion and in Jerusalem will the glorious Jehovah be unto us a place of rivers, of streams, of breadth of spaces; no ship of oar shall go therein, and no magnificent ship shall pass through it (Isaiah 33:21).
"Zion and Jerusalem" mean the Lord's church, "Zion" the church where the good of love rules, and "Jerusalem" the church where the truth of doctrine rules. Jehovah is called "glorious" (or magnificent) when men of the church are such as to be recipients of Divine good and truth from the Lord; and Zion and Jerusalem are called "a place of rivers, of streams, and of breadth of spaces," when all their wisdom and intelligence, and good and truth, are from the Lord, "rivers" signifying wisdom, "streams" intelligence, and "breadth of spaces" truths from good in multitude and extension; "no ship of oar shall go therein, and no magnificent ship shall pass through it," signifies that in the church there shall be no intelligence and wisdom from one's own [proprium]; "a ship of oar" meaning intelligence from one's own [proprium], because it is moved by men by means of oars, and a "magnificent ship" wisdom from one's own [proprium], because man is boastful and proud by reason of that wisdom; for when a ship is passing through and crossing the sea, thus bearing its cargo on its course, it signifies intelligence and wisdom. Here evidently no ship is meant, for this is said of Zion and Jerusalem.
[11] In David:
How many are Thy works, O Jehovah; this sea great and wide in spaces, wherein is the creeping thing without number, small animals with the great. There go the ships; there is leviathan, which Thou hast formed to play therein. All these wait upon Thee, that Thou mayest give them their food in its time (513. "Ships" mean doctrinals, the "leviathan" (or whale) all things of the natural man in the complex; this is said "to play in the sea" because of the delight of knowing and thus of becoming wise. Since man by virtue of these things is actuated by a desire to know and understand, it is said, "All these wait upon Thee, that Thou mayest give them their food in its time," "to wait upon" signifying to desire, and "food" knowledge and intelligence; for man does not desire these from himself, but from those things that are with him from the Lord; consequently these are what desire with man, although it appears as if man desired from himself.
[12] In the same:
They that go down to the sea in ships, that do work in many waters; these see the deeds of Jehovah and His wonders in the deep (Psalms 107:23, 24).
"They that go down to the sea in ships, that do work in many waters," signify those who intensely study the doctrine of truth from the Word; "these see the deeds of Jehovah and His wonders in the deep," signifies that they understand the truths and goods of heaven and the church, and the hidden things thereof, "the deeds of Jehovah" meaning all things of the Word that perfect man, all which have reference to truth and good, and "the wonders in the deep" meaning the hidden things of intelligence and wisdom.
[13] In Isaiah:
Thus saith Jehovah your 1Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel, For your sakes I have sent to Babylon, and I will cast down all the bars, and the Chaldeans, in whose ships there is a cry (Isaiah 43:14).
This treats of the deliverance of the faithful from the oppression of those who lay waste the church; those who lay waste the church are meant by "Babylon," and they lay it waste by withholding all from the knowledges of truth and good, affirming that they alone know and must be believed, and yet they know nothing of truth; thus they keep others with themselves in dense ignorance, and turn them away from the worship of the Lord, that they themselves may be worshiped. "To cast down their bars" signifies their principles of falsity and the falsities devastating truths, "bars" meaning the principles of falsity, and "the Chaldeans" those who devastate by falsities; for "Babylon" means those who destroy goods by means of evils, and the "Chaldeans" those who destroy truths by means of falsities. "In whose ships there is a cry" signifies the destruction of their doctrinals.
[14] This destruction is further described by "ships" in Revelation:
For in one hour so great riches was made desolate. And every ship master, and everyone concerned with the ships, and the sailors, and all who trade by sea, stood afar off, and cast dust upon their heads, and cried out weeping and mourning, saying, Woe, woe, the great city Babylon, wherein were made rich all that had ships in the sea, by reason of her preciousness; for in one hour has she been made desolate (Revelation 18:17, 19).
This passage will be explained further on. In Daniel:
And at the time of the end shall the king of the south come into collision with him; and the king of the north shall rush upon him like a tempest, with chariot and with horsemen and with many ships; and he shall enter into the land and shall overflow and pass through (Daniel 11:40).
"The time of the end" signifies the last time of the church, when there is no truth because there is no good; "the king of the south" means truth in light, which is truth from good; "the king of the north" means no truth because there is no good, consequently falsity, for where there is no truth there is falsity, since man then turns himself away from heaven to the world, and from the Lord to self; and when nothing flows in out of heaven from the Lord, nothing flows in from the world and from self except falsity from evil. The combats between good from truth and falsity from evil in the last times of the church are described in this chapter by the combats between the king of the south and the king of the north; that falsities will then rush in and destroy truths is meant by "the king of the north shall rush upon the king of the south with chariot, with horsemen, and with many ships," "chariot" meaning the doctrine of falsity, "horsemen" the reasonings therefrom, and "ships" the falsities and falsifications of truth of every kind; that "he shall enter into the land, and overflow and pass through," signifies that falsities will destroy all things of the church, both exterior and interior.
[15] In Moses:
And Jehovah shall bring thee back into Egypt in ships, by the way whereof I said unto thee, Thou shalt see it no more again; where ye shall be sold unto your enemies for menservants and for maidservants and there shall be no buyer (Deuteronomy 28:68).
This treats of the desolation of the church in respect to truth, when the life is not according to the Lord's precepts in the Word; "the sons of Israel," to whom this was said, represented and thence signified the church where the Word is, and truths of doctrine therefrom, thus spiritual men; but the "Egyptians" signified merely natural men. "Jehovah shall bring them back into Egypt in ships" signifies that they will be merely natural in consequence of doctrinals of falsity, "ships" meaning doctrinals of falsity; "by the way whereof I said unto thee, Thou shalt see it no more again," signifies from being a spiritual man into being a merely natural man, for the man of the church from being a natural man becomes spiritual; but when he does not live according to the commandments from the Word, from being a spiritual man he becomes merely natural; "where ye shall be sold unto your enemies for menservants and maidservants," signifies that falsities and evils shall become dominant; "and there shall be no buyer" signifies to become utterly vile.
[16] In Job:
My days are swifter than a runner; they flee away; they see no good; they pass by with the ships of desire, as the eagle flieth to its food (Job 9:25, 26).
"Ships of desire, with which the days pass by," signify the natural affections and delights of every kind, which are merely of the world and of the body; and because these are more eagerly desired and imbibed than spiritual things, it is said, "as the eagle flieth to its food."
[17] In Moses:
Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the seas, and he shall dwell at the haven of ships, and his side shall be unto Zidon (Arcana Coelestia 6382-6386.)
[18] In the same:
When there shall be ships from the place of the Kittim, and they shall afflict Asshur and shall afflict Eber, and he also even to him that is perishing (Numbers 24:24).
This is from the prophecy of Balaam. "Ships from the place of the Kittim" signify the knowledges of truth and good, which those had who were of the Ancient Church; "Asshur, whom they shall afflict," signifies reasonings from falsities; and "Eber, whom also they shall afflict," signifies the externals of worship, such as existed among the sons of Jacob; their vastation in respect to truth and good is signified by "he also even to him that is perishing."
[19] In the book of Judges:
Gilead, why dwellest thou in the crossing of Jordan? And why will Dan fear ships? (Judges 5:17).
"Gilead" has a similar meaning with "Manasseh," and "Manasseh" signifies the good of the natural man; and because the tribe of Manasseh did not fight in company with Deborah and Barak against the enemies, it is said, "Gilead, why dwellest thou in the passage of Jordan?" which signifies, why livest thou in externals only, which are of the natural man? The external of the church was signified by the regions beyond Jordan, and its internal by the regions on this side Jordan. The external of the church is with those who are more natural than spiritual. And because the tribe of Dan was not joined with Deborah and Barak in the battle with the enemies it is said, "why will Dan fear ships?" signifying, why does not one reject falsities and the doctrinals of falsity?
[20] As all things in the Old Testament contain in themselves a spiritual sense, so do all things in the New Testament which are in the Gospels and in Revelation. Moreover, all the Lord's words and doings and miracles signify Divine celestial things, because the Lord spoke from the Divine, and did His works and miracles from the Divine, therefore from things first through things last, and thus in fullness. From this it can be seen that the Lord's teaching from boats was significative; also that it was significative that He chose certain of His disciples from boats while they were fishing; and that He walked upon the sea to the boat in which the disciples were, and thence calmed the wind.
Respecting the Lord's teaching from a boat it is said in the Gospels:
Jesus sat by the seaside. And there were gathered unto Him great multitudes, so that He entered into a boat and sat; and the whole multitude stood on the beach. And He spake to them many things in parables (Matthew 13:1, 2, et seq.; Mark 4:1, 2, et seq .).
Jesus, standing by the shore of Gennesaret, saw two boats standing by the lake. Then He entered into one of the boats, which was Simon's, and asked him to put out a little from the land. And He sat down, and taught the throng out of the ship (Luke 5:1-9).
In all these particulars also, that "He sat by the seaside" and "on the shore of Gennesaret," then "that He entered into Simon's boat, and taught the throng therefrom," there is a spiritual sense. This was done because the "sea" and the "lake of Gennesaret" signify, in reference to the Lord, the knowledges of good and truth in the whole complex, and "Simon's boat" signifies the doctrinals of faith; so "His teaching from a boat" signifies that it was from doctrine.
[21] Respecting the Lord's walking on the sea to the boat in which the disciples were, it is said in the Gospels:
The boat containing the Lord's disciples was in the midst of the sea, tossed by the wind. In the fourth watch of the night, Jesus came unto them, walking on the sea. And Peter said, Bid me come unto Thee upon the water. And He said, Come. Therefore Peter, going down, walked upon the water to come to Jesus. But beginning to sink, he was afraid. Jesus stretching forth His hand, took hold of him, and said, O man of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt? And when they were come into the boat the wind ceased. And they that were in the boat worshiped Him, saying, Of a truth thou art the Son of God (Matthew 14:24-33; Mark 6:48-52).
And again:
When evening came His disciples went down unto the sea; and when they had entered into a boat they went over the sea toward Capernaum. And it was now dark, but Jesus was not come to them. And the sea was moved by a great wind that blew. When they had gone on about twenty-five or thirty stadia, they beheld Jesus walking on the sea, and drawing nigh unto the boat; and they were afraid. But He said, It is I; be not afraid. Then they were willing to receive Jesus into the boat; and immediately the boat was at the land whither they were going (John 6:16-21, et seq.).
Here, too, the particulars signify Divine spiritual things, which nevertheless do not appear in the letter; as the sea, the Lord's walking upon it, the fourth watch in which He came to the disciples, and the ship, His entering into it, and from it restraining the wind and the waves of the sea, and other things besides. But there is no need singly to explain here the spiritual things signified; let it be said only that the "sea" signifies the ultimate of heaven and the church, since there are seas in the outmost borders of the heavens; the Lord's walking upon the sea signifies the Lord's presence and His influx even into these, and consequent life from the Divine to those who are in the ultimates of heaven; their life from the Divine was represented by the Lord's walking upon the sea; and their obscure and wavering faith was represented by Peter's walking upon the sea and beginning to sink, but being saved when the Lord took hold of him, "to walk" signifying in the Word to live. This was done "in the fourth watch" to signify the first state of the church, when it is daybreak and morning is at hand, for then good begins to act through truth, and then the Lord comes; that the sea in the meanwhile was moved by the wind, and that the Lord restrained it, signifies the natural state of life that precedes, which is an unpeaceful and as it were tempestuous state; but with the state that is nearest to morning, which is the first state of the church with man, because the Lord is then present in the good of love, there comes tranquillity of mind.
[22] The like is signified by the Lord's calming the wind and the waves of the sea, as described in the Gospels:
When Jesus had entered into a boat His disciples followed Him. And behold, there arose a great commotion in the sea, so that the boat was covered by the waves; but He was asleep. Therefore the disciples, coming to Him awoke Him, saying, Lord, save us; we perish. Then He arose and rebuked the wind; and there was a great calm (Matthew 8:23-26; Mark 4:36-40; Luke 8:23, 24).
This represented the state of men of the church when they are in what is natural and not yet in what is spiritual, in which state the natural affections, which are various cupidities springing from the loves of self and the world, rise up and produce various commotions of the mind. In this state the Lord appears as it were absent; this apparent absence is signified by His being asleep; but when they come out of a natural into a spiritual state these commotions cease, and there comes tranquillity of mind; for the Lord calms the tempestuous commotions of the natural man when the spiritual mind is opened, and through it the Lord flows into the natural. Since the affections that are of the love of self and of the world, and the consequent thoughts and reasonings, are from hell, for they are lusts of every kind that rise up therefrom into the natural man, these, too, are signified by "the wind and the waves of the sea," and hell itself is signified by the "sea" in the spiritual sense.
[23] This can be seen, too, from its being said that "the Lord rebuked the wind," as also in Mark:
Jesus awoke and rebuked the wind, and said unto the sea, Be quiet, be still. And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm (342.
Footnotes:
1. The photolithograph has "our", the Hebrew "your," as also Apocalypse Revealed 786; Arcana Coelestia 1368, 6385; The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem Regarding the Lord 34, 38, 40.
514. "Et tertia pars navium periit." - Quod significet quod etiam omnes cognitiones ex Verbo, et ex doctrinis inde, constat ex significatione "tertiae partis", quod sit omne, hic omnes, quia dicitur de cognitionibus veri et boni; et ex significatione "navium", quod sint cognitiones veri et boni, tum doctrinalia; quod "naves" illa significent, est quia illae ferunt opes super mare pro negotiatione, et per "opes" in Verbo significantur cognitiones veri et boni, quae etiam sunt doctrinalia. Per "naves" in sensu stricto, in quo continens intelligitur, significatur Verbum et doctrina e Verbo, quia Verbum et inde doctrina continent cognitiones veri et boni, sicut naves continent opes; et "negotiari", quod imprimis fit per naves, significat comparare sibi cognitiones et illas communicare aliis: at dum contenta intelliguntur pro continente, per "naves" significantur cognitiones ex Verbo, et ex doctrina e Verbo.
[2] Quod "naves" talia significent, constare potest a locis in Verbo ubi nominantur:
- Ut apud Ezechielem,
Tyre, "in corde maris termini tui; architecti tui perfecerunt pulchritudinem tuam; ex abietibus e Senire aedificarunt tibi omnes tabulas, cedrum e Libano sumpserunt ad faciendum malum pro te; e quercubus e Baschane fecerunt remos tuos, asserem tuum fecerunt ebore; filiam gressuum ex insulis Kitthim:.... habitatores Sidonis et Arvadi fuerunt remiges tui: sapientes tui, Tyre, fuerunt in te, fuerunt naucleri tui: seniores Gebalis et sapientes ejus fuerunt in te, confirmantes fissuram tuam; omnes naves maris et nautae earum fuerunt in te, ad negotiandum negotiationem tuam:.... naves Tharschischi, turmae tuae in mercatu tuo, unde impleta es et honorata valde in corde marium" (Ezechielem 27:4-6, 8, 9, 25):
agitur in eo capite de Tyro: et quia per "Tyrum" significantur cognitiones veri et boni, ideo agitur de negotiatione ejus, et de variis mercibus quibus ditata est; per "negotiationem" enim ejus cum variis mercibus, quibus ditata est, significatur comparatio cognitionum illarum, et inde opulentia spiritualis; hic itaque describitur navis cum omni ejus apparatu, ut quoad tabulas, remos, malum, quoad naucleros, remiges et nautas, et in antecedentibus et conSequentibus quoad merces. Quid autem singula in spirituali sensu significant, prolixum foret hic describere; satis est quod inde constare posSit quod "navis" significet doctrinam ex Verbo, et quod "tabulae", "remi", "malus" significent varia ex quibus doctrina; quodque illi qui docent, ducunt et regunt, intelligantur per "gubernatorem, "naucleros", "remiges" et "nautas", et ipsa doctrinalia per "merces" ejus, et comparatio opum et divitiarum spiritualium, quae sunt cognitiones veri et boni per quas sapientia, per "negotiationem": quare dicitur, "Sapientes tui, Tyre, fuerunt in te, fuerunt naucleri tui:"
[3] et in capite sequente, ubi etiam agitur de Tyro,
"Ecce sapiens tu prae Daniele, ullum occultum non absconderunt tibi; in sapientia tua et in intelligentia tua feceras tibi opes, et feceras aurum et argentum in thesauris tuis; per multitudinem sapientiae tuae in negotiatione tua feceras tibi opes" (Ezechiel 28:3-5):
ex quibus patet quod per "Tyrum" et ejus "negotiationes" intelligantur cognitiones veri et boni per quas sapientia; quid alioqui foret tam multa dicere de mercibus ejus et de mercatura ejus, si non intelligerentur spiritualia? (Quod per "Tyrum" intelligatur ecclesia quoad cognitiones veri et boni, et inde cognitiones veri et boni quae ecclesiae, videatur in Arcanis Caelestibus n. 1201,)
[4] Agitur postea in eodem capite de vastatione ecclesiae quoad cognitiones veri et boni, quae etiam his verbis describitur,
"Ad vocem clamoris nauclerorum tuorum contremiscent suburbana, et descendent ex navibus tuis omnes tenentes remum: omnes naucleri maris.... clamabunt super te amare" (27:28-30):
per "naucleros" significantur sapientes per cognitiones ex Verbo; per "tenentes remum" significantur intelligentes; vastatio sapientiae et intelligentiae significatur per "vocem clamoris nauclerorum", et per quod "descendent ex navibus tenentes remum."
[5] Quod per "naves" in Verbo intelligantur cognitiones veri et boni, et quoque doctrinalia ex Verbo, dum per "naves" intelliguntur opes, ita contenta pro continente, constat adhuc ex his locis:
- Apud Esaiam,
"Ejulate, naves Tharschischi, quia devastata est Tyrus;.... silent habitatores insulae, mercator Sidonis transiens mare, impleverunt te: ejulate, naves Tharschischi, quia devastatum est munimentum vestrum" (23:1, 2, 14):
per "naves Tharschischi" intelliguntur doctrinalia ex Verbo; nam illae naves apportarunt aurum et argentum, per quae significantur bona et vera, et illorum cognitiones ex Verbo; et quia per "Tyrum" significatur ecclesia quoad cognitiones veri et boni, hic illa vastata, inde dicitur, "Ejulate, naves Tharschischi, quia vastata est Tyrus": per "habitatores insulae" intelliguntur qui in bonis vitae sunt secundum doctrinalia sua; per "mercatores Sidonis" significantur qui in veris ex Verbo, de quibus dicitur quod "impleverint te"; per "munimentum vestrum" significatur doctrina ex Verbo tutans, et per "devastatum illud" significatur quod non ejus perceptio, et inde non verum; nam similia doctrinalia ex Verbo absque perceptione spirituali non sunt vera, quia per ideas non justas de illis falsificata sunt.
[6] Apud eundem,
"Mihi insulae confident, et naves Tharschischi in principio, ad adducendum filios tuos e longinquo, argentum et aurum eorum cum illis" (60:9):
quod per "naves Tharschischi in principio" intelligantur cognitiones veri et boni, quales sunt illis in principio qui reformantur, videatur supra (n. 406 [c]), ubi illa explicata sunt: naves Tharschischi enim in principio ferebant aurum et argentum in magna copia, per quae significantur bona vitae et vera doctrinae.
[7] De navibus Tharschischi legitur in Libro Primo Regnum,
"Navem fecit Salomo in Ezion Jeber quae apud Eloth juxta litus Maris Suph in terra Edomi; et misit Chiramus.... servos suos, viros navium, gnaros maris, cum servis Salomonis; venerunt in Ophirem, et sumpserunt aurum quadringenta et viginti talenta, quae adduxerunt ad Regem Salomonem" (9:26-28);
et dein
"Navis Tharschisch erat regi in mari cum navi Chirami; semel ternis annis veniebat navis Tharschisch, portans aurum et argentum, ebora, et simias et pavones" (10:22 1
);
et postea in eodem libro,
Rex "Jehoschaphath fecit naves Tharschisch, ut abirent in Ophirem ob aurum; sed non abiverunt, nam fractae sunt naves in Ezion Jeber" (22:49[48]):
quamvis haec historica sunt, usque continent sensum spiritualem aeque ac prophetica: quod "naves factae sint in Ezion Jeber ad litus Maris Suph in terra Edomi" significabat scientias naturalis hominis, nam illae in se continent et quasi portant opes spirituales, sicut naves opes mundanas; "mare" enim "Suph", et "terra Edomi" ubi Ezion Jeber, erat ultimus terminus terrae Canaanis; et per "ultimos terminos terrae Canaanis" significantur ultima ecclesiae, quae sunt scientiae comprehendentes cognitiones veri et boni: per "aurum" et "argentum" significantur bona et vera ecclesiae internae; per "ebora", "simias", et "pavones" significantur vera et bona ecclesiae externae: per scientias intelliguntur scientiae quales fuerunt antiquis, nempe scientiae correspondentiarum, repraesentationum, influxuum, ac de caelo et inferno; quae imprimis comprehendebant cognitiones veri et boni ecclesiae, ac illis inserviebant: per "Chiramum" significantur gentes quae extra ecclesiam, apud quas etiam sunt. cognitiones boni et veri: per quod "naves" sub rege Jehoschaphath "fractae sint" significat devastationem ecclesiae quoad vera et bona ejus.
[8] Ex his constare potest quid in specie significatur per "naves Tharschischi" in praecedentibus; et quoque apud Davidem,
"Per ventum orientalem confringes naves Tharschisch" (Psalms 48:8 [B.A. 7]):
per "ventum orientalem" significatur devastatio et desolatio; nam per ventum qui ab oriente venit in mundo spirituali domicilia malorum evertuntur funditus, ac ipsi cum thesauris, in quibus cor suum posuerunt, ejiciuntur in inferna (de quo vento videatur in opusculo De Ultimo Judicio 61): per "naves Tharschisch" hic significantur doctrinalia falsa.
[9] Et apud Esaiam,
"Dies Jehovae Zebaoth.... super omnes cedros Libani atlas et elatas; et super omnes quercus Baschanis; et super omnes montes altos, et super omnes colles elatos; et super omnem turrim excelsam, et super omnem murum munitum; et super omnes naves Tharschisch; et super omnes imagines desiderii; ut destruatur superbia hominis, et humilietur altitudo virorum, et exaltetur Jehovah solus in die illo" (2:12-17):
per "diem Jehovae" intelligitur adventus Domini, quando ultimum judicium a Domino peractum fuit. (Quod hoc a Domino peractum sit quando in mundo fuit, videatur in opusculo De Ultimo Judicio 46.) Recensentur hic super quos intra ecclesiam judicium factum est: per "cedros Libani altas et elatas" significantur qui ex propria intelligentia se jactant, et per "quercus Baschanis" qui ex scientia; nam "cedri" in Verbo dicuntur de rationali homine, et "quercus" de naturali, ac rationali homini est intelligentia, et naturali homini scientia: per "montes altos et colles elatos" significantur qui in amore sui et in amore mundi sunt (videatur supra, n. 405 [g]): per "turrim excelsam", "et murum munitum", significantur principia falsi confirmata, ita quoque illi qui in iis sunt per "naves Tharschisch", et per "imagines desiderii", significantur doctrinalia falsa faventia jucundis amorum terrestrium: destructio fastus ex propria intelligentia et scientia, intelligitur per "ut destruatur superbia hominis, et [humilietur] altitudo virorum"; quod omnis intelligentia et scientia sit a Domino, significatur per "ut exaltetur Jehovah solus in die illo." Creditur quod scientia sit ex homine; sed scientia quatenus inservit intelligentiae, in qua est perceptio veri, est a solo Domino.
[10] Apud Esaiam,
In Zione et Hierosolyma "magnificus Jehovah nobis, locus fluviorum, fluminis, latitudinis spatiorum; non ibit in eo navis remi, et navis magnifica non transibit eum" (Esaiam 33:11):
per "Zionem" et "Hierosolymam" intelligitur ecclesia Domini, per "Zionem" ecclesia ubi regnat bonum amoris, et per "Hierosolymam" ubi verum doctrinae; ibi dicitur "Jehovah magnificus" quando homines ecclesiae tales sunt ut sint receptiones Divini Boni et Veri a Domino: et vocatur Zion et Hierosolyma "locus fluviorum, fluminis, et latitudinis spatiorum", quando omnis illorum sapientia et intelligentia ac bonum et verum sunt a Domino; "fluvii" significant sapientiam, "flumen" intelligentiam, "latitudo spatiorum" vera ex bono in multitudine et extensione: "non ibit in eo navis remi, et navis magnifica non transibit eum", significat quod non in ecclesia erit intelligentia et sapientia ex proprio; "navis remi" est intelligentia ex proprio, quia ducitur ab hominibus per remos; et "navis magnifica" est sapientia ex proprio, quia homo ex illa gloriatur et superbit; "navis" enim significat intelligentiam et sapientiam quando vadit in mari et transit, sic enim est in cursu vehens suas opes: quod hic non intelligatur navis, patet, quia dicitur de Zione et Hierosolyma.
[11] Apud Davidem,
"Multa sunt opera tua, Jehovah;.... hoc mare magnum et latum spatiis, ibi reptile cui non numerus, animalia parva cum magnis; ibi naves eunt; leviathan quem formasti ad ludendum in eo: omnia Te exspectant, ut des cibum eorum in tempore suo" (Psalms 104:24-27):
hic non intelligitur mare, nec intelliguntur reptilia, animalia, leviathan seu balaena, ac naves, sed talia quae sunt apud homines ecclesiae; hi enim "exspectant Jehovam": per "mare magnum et latum" significatur externus seu naturalis homo, qui recipit bona et vera scientifice; "magnum" dicitur de bono ibi, et "latum" de vero ibi: per "reptilia" significantur scientifica viva; per "animalia magna et parva" cognitiones boni et veri omnis generis, superiores et inferiores, ac in communi et in specie (ut in articulo mox superiori, n. 513): per "naves" intelliguntur doctrinalia: per "leviathanem" seu "balaenam" omnia naturalis hominis in complexu, qui dicitur "ludere in mari" ex jucundo sciendi et inde sapiendi. Quia homo ex illis afficitur desiderio sciendi et intelligendi, dicitur", Omnia Te exspectant, ut des cibum eorum in tempore"; "exspectare" significat desiderare, et "cibus" scientiam et intelligentiam; homo enim ex se non desiderat illas, sed ex illis quae apud illum a Domino, proinde illa apud hominem, tametsi apparet sicut homo ex se.
[12] Apud eundem,
"Qui descendunt in mare in navibus, facientes opus in aquis multis, ipsi viderunt opera Jehovae, et mirabilia Ipsius in profundo" (Psalms 107:23, 24):
"Qui descendunt in mare [in] navibus, facientes opus in aquis multis", significat illos qui intense student doctrinae veri ex Verbo; "illi viderunt opera Jehovae, et mirabilia Ipsius in profundo", significat quod illi intelligant vera et bona caeli et ecclesiae, et abdita eorum; "opera Jehovae" sunt omnia Verbi quae perficiunt hominem, quae omnia se referunt ad verum et bonum; et "mirabilia in profundo" sunt abdita intelligentiae et sapientiae.
[13] Apud Esaiam,
"Sic dixit Jehovah Redemptor 2
vester, Sanctus Israelis, Propter Vos misi in Babelem, et dejiciam omnes vectes, et Chaldaeos, quorum in navibus clamor" (43:14):
haec de liberatione fidelium ab oppressione illorum qui vastant ecclesiam; per "Babelem" intelliguntur qui illam vastant, et vastant per id quod detineant omnes a cognitionibus veri et boni, dicentes quod ipsi sciant, et quod ipsis credendum, cum tamen nihil veri sciunt; sic tenentes alios secum in densa ignorantia, ac avertentes a cultu Domini ob finem ut ipsi colantur: "dejicere eorum vectes", significat eorum principia falsi, et falsa devastantia vera; "vectes" sunt principia falsi, et "Chaldaei" sunt qui per falsa devastant; per "Babelem" enim intelliguntur qui per mala destruunt bona, et per "Chaldaeos" qui per falsa destruunt vera: "quorum in navibus clamor" significat destructionem doctrinalium illorum.
[14] Haec destructio per "naves" etiam describitur in Apocalypsi,
"Una hora devastatae sunt tantae divitiae. Omnis etiam gubernator, et omnis qui super navibus versatur, et nautae, et omnes qui in mari negotiantur, e longinquo steterunt, .... et injecerunt pulverem in capita sua, et clamabant flentes et plangentes, dicentesque, Vae, vae, urbs magna" Babylon, "in qua divites facti sunt omnes qui habent naves in mari, ex pretiositate ejus, quia una hora devastata est" (18:17, 19);
sed haec ulterius explicata videantur in sequentibus.
Apud Danielem,
"Tandem in tempore finis collidet cum eo rex meridiei: ideo quasi procella irruet in eum rex septentrionis, cum curru et cum equitibus, et cum navibus multis; venietque in terram, et inundabit et penetrabit" (11:40):
"tempus finis" significat tempus ultimum ecclesiae, quando non verum quia non bonum; per "regem meridiei" intelligitur verum in luce, quod est verum ex bono; per "regem septentrionis" intelligitur non verum quia non bonum, proinde falsum; nam ubi non verum est, ibi est falsum, avertit enim homo se tunc e caelo ad mundum, et a Domino ad semet; et ex mundo et ex semet, quando nihil e caelo a Domino, non influit nisi falsum ex malo. Pugnae inter bonum ex vero et inter falsum ex malo ultimis ecclesiae temporibus describuntur in eo capite per pugnas inter regem meridiei et regem septentrionis; quod falsa tunc irruent et destruent vera, intelligitur per quod "rex septentrionis irruet in regem meridiei curru, equitibus, et cum navibus multis"; per "currum" intelligitur doctrina falsi, per "equites" ratiocinationes inde, per "naves" omnis generis falsa et falsificationes veri; quod "veniet in terram, et inundabit et penetrabit", significat quod falsa destruent omnia ecclesiae tam exteriora quam interiora ejus.
[15] Apud Mosen,
"Reducet te Jehovah in Aegyptum in navibus, per viam de qua dixi tibi, Non addes amplius videre illam, ubi vendemini hostibus vestris in servos et ancillas, nec tamen emptor" (Deuteronomius 28:68):
agitur ibi de ecclesiae desolatione quoad verum, si non vivitur secundum praecepta Domini in Verbo; "filii Israelis", ad quos haec dicta sunt, repraesentabant et inde significabant ecclesiam ubi Verbum et inde vera doctrinae, ita spirituales homines; "Aegyptii" autem mere naturales: quod "Jehovah reducet eos in Aegyptum in navibus" significat quod futuri mere naturales per doctrinalia falsi; "naves" sunt doctrinalia falsi: per "viam de qua dixi tibi, Non addes amplius videre eam", significat a spirituali homine in mere naturalem; nam homo ecclesiae a naturali homine fit spiritualis, at cum non vivit secundum praecepta ex Verbo, a spirituali homine fit mere naturalis: "ubi vendemini hostibus vestris in servos et ancillas" significat quod falsa et mala dominatura sint; "nec tamen emptor" significat prorsus viles.
[16] Apud Hiobum,
"Dies mei veloces fuerunt prae currente; fugerunt, non viderunt bonum; praeteriverunt cum navibus desiderii, sicut aquila volat ad cibum" (9:25, 26):
"naves desiderii", cum quibus dies praeteriverunt, significant affectiones et jucunditates naturales omnis generis, quae solum mundi sunt et corporis; quae quia prae spiritualibus appetuntur et hauriuntur, dicitur "sicut aquila volat ad cibum."
[17] Apud Mosen,
"Sebulon ad portum marium habitabit, et is ad portum navium, et latus ejus super ad Sidonem" (Genesis 49:13):
"Sebulon" significat conjunctionem boni et veri; "ad portum marium habitabit" significat vitam veri; "et is ad portum navium" significat secundum doctrinalia ex Verbo; "latus ejus super ad Sidonem" significat extensionem ab una parte ad cognitiones boni. (Sed haec explicata videantur in Arcanis Caelestibus n. 6382-6386.)
[18] Apud eundem,
"Tunc naves ex loco Kitthaeorum, et affligent Aschurem, et affligent Eberum; sed tamen etiam hic ad intereuntem" (Num. 24:24 3
);
hoc in prophetia Bileami: per "naves e loco Kitthaeorum" significantur cognitiones veri et boni, quae fuerunt illis qui ab Antiqua Ecclesia; per "Aschurem" quem affligent, significantur ratiocinationes ex falsis; et per "Eberum", quem etiam affligent, significantur externa cultus, qualia fuerunt apud filios Jacobi; vastatio eorum quoad verum et bonum, significatur per "etiam hic ad intereuntem."
[19] In Libro Judicum,
"Gilead, in transitu Jordanis habitas; et Dan cur timebit naves?" (5:17):
per "Gilead" intelligitur simile quod per Menassen, et per "Menassen" significatur bonum naturalis hominis; et quia tribus Menassis non una pugnavit contra hostes cum Debora et Barako, dicitur "Gilead, in transitu Jordanis habitas", per quod significatur, Cur vivis solum in externis quae sunt naturalis hominis? Externum ecclesiae significabatur per regiones trans Jordanem, ac internum ejus per regiones intra Jordanem; externum ecclesiae est apud illos qui plus naturales sunt quam spirituales: et quia tribus Danis nec fuit in pugna cum hostibus una cum Debora et Barako, dicitur "Dan cur timebit naves?" per quod significatur, Cur non repellit falsitates et doctrinalia falsi?
[20] Sicut omnia in Veteri Testamenti sensum spiritualem in se continent, ita quoque omnia in Novo Testamento quae apud Evangelistas et in Apocalypsi; omnia etiam verba Domini, et quoque facta et miracula, significant Divina caelestia, ex causa quia Dominus ex Divino locutus est, et ex Divino operatus est opera et miracula; ita ex primis per ultima, et sic in pleno. Exinde constare potest quod significativum fuerit quod Dominus docuerit ex navigiis; quod elegerit quosdam discipulos ex navibus cum piscabantur; quod Dominus ad navigium, in quo erant discipuli, ambulaverit super mari, et inde compescuerit ventum.
De docente Domino ex navigio, ita legitur apud Evangelistas,
"Jesus.... sedit juxta mare; et congregatae sunt ad ipsum turbae multae, adeo ut Ipse in navem ingressus sederet, et universa turba in litore staret; et locutus est illis multa in parabolis" (Matthaeus 13:1, 2, seq.; Marcus 4:1, 2, seq.);
et alibi,
[Factum est cum] Jesus "stans ad litus Genezareth, .... ut videret duo navigia stantia ad lacum;.... tunc ingressus est in unum navigiorum, quod Simonis erat, et rogavit illum ut a terra abduceret paululum: et consedit et docuit e navigio turbam" (Luca 5:1-9):
singulis his etiam sensus spiritualis inest; tum quod "consederit juxta mare", et "ad litus Genezareth", tum quod "ingressus in navem Simonis, et inde multa docuerit." Hoc factum est, quia per "mare", et per "lacum Genezareth", cum de Domino, significantur cognitiones veri et boni in omni complexu; et per "navem Simonis", doctrinalia fidei; inde quod "ex navi docuerit" significabat quod ex doctrina.
[21] De eo, quod Dominus ad navigium in quo erant discipuli ambulaverit super mari, ita legitur apud Evangelistas,
"Erat navis" (in qua discipuli Domini fuerunt) afflictata a vento in medio maris.... ; in quarta vigilia noctis pervenit ad eos Jesus ambulans super mari. .... Et dixit Petrus, .... Jube me ad Te venire super aquis: dixit, Veni; quare descendens Petrus ambulavit, super aquis, ut veniret ad Jesum; sed extimuit incipiens demergi:.... Jesus extendens manum apprehendit eum, et dixit, Exiguae fidei homo, quare dubitabas? Et cum 4
ingressi in navem quievit ventus; et qui in navi erant adoraverunt Ipsum, dicentes, Vere Filius Dei Tu es" (Matthaeus 14:24-33; Marcus 6:48-52):
et alibi,
"Cum vespera facta est, descenderunt discipuli ad mare, et postquam ingressi sunt in navigium, venerunt trans mare in Kapernaum, et tenebrae jam factae, sed non venit ad illos Jesus; et mare vento magno spirante commotum est: provecti quasi stadia viginti quinque ad triginta, vident Jesum ambulantem super mari, et prope navigium factum, et ideo extimuerunt: Ipse vero dixit, Ego sum, ne timete: et voluerunt accipere" Jesum "in navigium, sed statim navigium erat apud terram, ad quam tendebant" (Joh. 6:16-21 5
, seq.):
singula etiam hic significant Divina spiritualia, quae tamen non apparent in littera; sicut mare, ambulatio Domini super illo, quarta vigilia qua venit ad discipulos, tum navis, quod in illam ingressus Jesus, et quod inde compescuerit ventum et fluctus maris, praeter reliqua: spiritualia autem, quae significant, non hic opus est singillatim exponere; solum quod "mare" significet ultimum caeli et ecclesiae, quoniam in ultimis terminis caelorum sunt maria; "ambulatio Domini super mari", significabat praesentiam et influxum Domini etiam in illa, et inde illis qui in ultimis caeli vita ex Divino; vita illorum ex Divino repraesentabatur per "ambulationem Domini super mari"; ac illorum fides obscura et vacillans repraesentabatur per quod "Petrus ambulans super mari inceperit demergi", sed apprehensus a Domino salvatus; "ambulare" etiam in Verbo significat vivere: quod hoc factum sit "in quarta vigilia", significabat primum statum ecclesiae, quando diluculum est et instat mane, tunc enim incipit bonum agere per verum, et tunc est adventus Domini: quod "mare interea vento commotum fuerit", et quod Dominus "compescuerit illum", significat statum vitae naturalem qui praecedit, qui status est impacificus et quasi tempestuosus; at quando status proximus matutino est, qui est primus status ecclesiae apud hominem, quia Dominus tunc praesens est in bono amoris, fit tranquillum mentis.
[22] Simile quoque significatur per "sedationem venti et fluctuum maris" a Domino, de qua etiam apud Evangelistas,
"Conscendente" Jesu "in navem, secuti ipsum discipuli Ipsius; sed ecce motus magnus factus est in mari, ita ut navis contegeretur a fluctibus; Ipse vero dormiebat. Accedentes itaque discipuli expergefecerunt Ipsum, dicentes, Domine, serva nos, perimus;.... tunc erexit Se et reprehendit ventum.... , et facta est tranquillitas magna" (Matthaeus 8:23-26; Marcus 4:36-40; Luc. 8:23-24 6
):
per hoc repraesentabatur status hominum ecclesiae, quando in naturali sunt, et nondum in spirituali; in quo statu affectiones naturales, quae sunt variae cupiditates oriundae ex amoribus sui et mundi, assurgunt, et varios animi motus sistunt. In eo statu apparet Dominus sicut absens; haec absentia apparens significatur per quod "Dominus dormiret"; at cum e statu naturali in spiritualem veniunt, tunc cessant illi motus, et fit tranquillum mentis; nam motus intempesti naturalis hominis sedantur a Domino, quando spiritualis mens aperitur, et Dominus per illum influit in naturalem. Quoniam affectiones quae sunt amoris sui et mundi, et inde cogitationes et ratiocinationes, sunt ex inferno, sunt enim omnis generis concupiscentiae quae in naturalem hominem inde exsurgunt, ideo illae quoque per "ventum" et per "fluctus maris", et ipsum infernum per "mare", in sensu spirituali significantur;
[23] quod etiam constare potest ex eo, quod dicatur quod "Dominus reprehenderit ventum"; et apud Marcum,
"Jesus expergefactus increpavit ventum, et dixit mari, Sile et obmutesce; et quievit ventus, et facta est tranquillitas magna" (4:39):
hoc ad ventum et ad mare non dici potuit, nisi per illa intellexerit infernum, unde motus intempesti animi ex variis cupiditatibus exsurgunt.
Quod "maria" etiam significent inferna, videatur supra (n. 342 [c]).
Footnotes:
1. The editors made a correction or note here.
2. The editors made a correction or note here.
3. The editors made a correction or note here.
4. The editors made a correction or note here.
5. The editors made a correction or note here.
6. The editors made a correction or note here.