248、关于犹太教会和犹太人。在犹太教会中所吩咐的律例、典章和律法有点像古教会的（4449，4835节）。犹太教会的代表性仪式如何不同于古教会的（4288，10149节）。虽然一个代表性教会为这个民族而建立，但这个民族本身当中并没有真正的教会（4899，4912，6304节）。因此，就这个民族本身而言，这是一个教会的代表，并不是一个教会（4281，4288，4311，4500，6304，7048，9320，10396，10526，10531，10698节）。以色列和犹太民族不是被拣选的，只是由于他们的祖宗和摩西顽固坚持而被接受，以便它能代表一个教会（4290，4293，7051，7439，10430，10535，10632节）。他们的敬拜纯粹是外在的，没有任何内在敬拜（1200，3147，3479，8871节）。他们对敬拜的内在一无所知，并且不想知道（301，302，303，3479，4429，4433，4680，4844，4847，10396，10401，10407，10694，10701，10707节）。他们以哪种方式思想敬拜、教会和圣言的内在（4865节）。他们的内层是污秽的，充满对自己和世界的爱，以及贪婪（3480，9962，10454-10457，10462-10466，10575节）。因此，教会的内在并未透露给他们，因为他们会亵渎它们（2520，3398，3480，4289节）。圣言向他们完全关闭（3769节）。他们从外面，而不是从里面看圣言（10549，10550，10551节）。因此，当他们进行敬拜时，他们的内在是关闭的（8788，8806，9320，9377，9380，9962，10396，10401，10407，10492，10498，10500，10575，10629，10692节）。这个民族具有这种性质：当内在关闭时，他们比其他人更能处于一个神圣的外在（4293，4311，4903，9373，9377，9380节）。那时他们的状态（4311节）。因此，他们被保存到今天（3479节）。他们神圣的外在被主奇迹般地提升到天堂，敬拜、教会和圣言的内层在那里被感知到（3480，4307，4311，6304，8588，10499，10500，10602节）。为此，通过外在手段，他们被强制遵守他们外在形式上的仪式（3147，4281，8006节）。他们因能处于没有一个内在的一个神圣外在，故能代表教会和天堂的神圣事物（3479，3881，4208，6304，8588，9377，10430，10500，10570节）。然而，他们对真正的神圣事物并不感兴趣（3479节）。来代表的那个人是何性质无关紧要，因为代表关注的是所代表的事物，而不是这个人（665，1097，1361，3147，3881，4208，4281，4288，4292，4500，6304，7048，7439，8588，8788，8806节）。
这个民族比其它民族更坏，新旧约圣言也描述了他们的性质（4314，4316，4317，4444，4503，4750，4751，4815，4820，4832，5057，5998，7248，8819，9320，10454-10457，10462-10466节）。犹大支派比其它支派偏离得更厉害（4815节）。他们如何以残忍对待外邦人为快乐（5057，7248，9320节）。这个民族心里是偶像崇拜者，比其它民族更是敬拜别神（3732，4208，4281，4825，5998，6877，7401，8301，8871，8882节）。甚至就这个民族本身而言，他们的敬拜也是偶像崇拜，因为这种敬拜是没有内在的外在（4281，4825，8871，8882节）。他们只敬拜耶和华的名（6877，10559，10560，10561，10566节），并且仅仅因为神迹而敬拜（4299节）。那些以为在教会的末了，犹太人将改变信仰，并被领回迦南地的人想错了（4847，7051，8301节）。关于这个主题，从圣言中引用的经文有很多，但这些经文要按内义，而不是按字义来理解（7051节）。圣言因这个民族而在外在意义上被改变，但在内在意义上并未改变（10453，10461，10603，10604节）。耶和华照着他们自己的性质而在西乃山上向他们显现，所以有吞灭的火，厚云，和如同火炉冒出的那种烟（1861，6832，8814，8819，9434节）。主照各人的性质向各人显现，向那些处于良善的人显为赋予生命的再造之火，向那些陷入邪恶的人显为吞灭之火（934，1861，6832，8814，8819，9434，10551节）。这个民族的一个世系就来自一个迦南人，以及与儿媳行淫所生的另两个人（1167，4818，4820，4874，4899，4913节）。这些出身表示他们与教会结合的性质，即：就像是与迦南人的结合，与儿媳的淫行（4868，4874，4899，4913节）。关于犹太人在来世的状态（939，940，5057节）。
由于这个民族尽管具有这种性质，却仍代表教会，还由于圣言在他们当中写成，并涉及他们，所以他们的名字表示神性属天事物，如流便、西缅、利未、犹大、以法莲、约瑟和其它名字；“犹大”在内义上表示属天之爱方面的主和祂的属天国度（3654，3881，5583，5603，5782，6363节）。对以色列关于犹大的预言（创世记49:8-12）的解释，该预言论述的是主（6362-6381节）。“犹大支派”和“犹大”表示属天教会（3654，6364节）。十二支派代表并因此表示在一个综合体中的爱和信的一切事物（3858，3926，4060，6335节），因而也代表并表示天堂和教会（6337，6637，7836，7891节）。它们的含义取决于提及它们的顺序（3862，3926，3939，4603等，6337，6640节）。十二支派被分成两个国，以便犹太人可以代表属天国度，以色列人代表属灵国度（3654，8770节）。亚伯拉罕、以撒和雅各的种表示教会的良善和真理（3373，10445节）。
248、关于犹太教会和犹太人。犹太教会指定的律令典章、审判和律法与古教会的那些有部分相似 （4449，4835）。犹太教会的象征性仪式与古教会有何不同介绍在这里 （4288，10149）。一所象征性教会建立于该民族，但是该民族本身没有教会 （4899，4912，6304）。因此，对那个民族自身而言，它们有教会的象征，但事实上不是教会 （4281，4288，4311，4500，6304，7048，9320，10396，10526，10535，10698）。
由于他们的先祖和摩西的顽固不化，以色列和犹太民族不是被拣选，而是被接纳，使得他们可以作为教会的象征，（4290，4293，7051，7439，10430，10535，10632）。他们的敬拜只是外在的，没有任何内在敬拜 （1200，3147，3479，8871）。他们完全不知道内在敬拜且不愿意知道它们 （301-303，3479，4429，4433，4680，4844，4847，10396，10401，10407，10694，10701，10707）。这里解释了他们如何思考敬拜，教会以及圣言的内层含义 （4865）。他们的内在是污秽的，充满了爱自己和爱世界以及贪婪的爱 （3480，9962，10454-10457，10462-10466，10575）。由于这个原因，教会的内在没有向他们揭示，因为他们会亵渎它们 （2520，3398，3480，4289）。
圣言向他们是完全关闭的 （3769）。他们从外在理解圣言，而不是从内在 （10549-10551）。因此，敬拜时他们的内在是关闭的 （8788，8806，9320，9377，9380，9962，10396，10401，10407，10492，10498，10500，10575，10629，10694）。这个民族具有这样的品性，即当内在关闭时，他们比其它民族可能有更圣洁的外在（4293，4311，4903，9373，9377，9380）。那时他们的状况解释在这里 （4311）。因此它们被存留至今 （3479）。他们的圣洁外在行为奇迹般地被主提升至天堂，那里有对敬拜、教会及圣言内层含义的理解 （3480，4307，4311，6304，8588，10492，10500，10602）。为此目的，他们在外力逼迫下严格的遵守宗教礼仪的外在形式 （3147，4281，10149）。因为他们可以有外在圣洁而没有内在圣洁，它们可以代表在天堂和教会的圣洁事物 （3479，3881，4208，6306，8588，9377，10430，10500，10570）。然而他们对何为真正的圣洁并无兴趣 （3479）。象征某事物之人的品性无关紧要，因为象征关注的是事，而不是人 （665，1097，1361，3147，3881，4208，4281，4288，4292，4307，4444，4500，6304，7048，7439，8588，8788，8806）。
那个民族比其他民族更坏，新旧约的圣言都描述了他们的品性 （4314，4316，4317，4444，4503，4750，4751，4815，4820，4832，5057，5998，7248，8819，9320，10454-10547，10462-10466）。相比其他支派，犹大支派背离到更坏的事物中（4815）。他们残忍对待外邦人，以此为乐 （5057，7248，9320）. 这个民族内心是崇拜偶像的，他们崇拜别神甚至超过其他民族的崇拜 （3732，4208，4444，4825，5998，6877，7401，8301，8871，8882）。若考虑其前因后果，其实他们的敬拜本身也是拜偶像，因为它非常肤浅，没有内在的实质 （4281，4825，8871，8882）。他们名义上敬拜耶和华 （6877，10559-10561，10566）。只是因为祂行的神迹 （4299）。
那些相信犹太人在教会末期将会转变并再次被带回迦南地的人想错了 （4847，7051，8301）。圣言中许多章节论及此事，但这些论述应按其灵意而不是字义来理解 （7051）。由于该民族的缘故圣言的字义被改变了，但其灵意未曾改变 （10453，10461，10603，10604）。在西奈山，耶和华在烈火、浓云和燃烧着的烟中向他们显现，显现的方式对应着他们的品性 （1861，6832，8814，8819，9434）。主根据人的品性向每个人显现，对那些良善的人，呈现的是活泼且盎然生机的火；而对那些邪恶的人，呈现的则是吞噬之火 （934，1861，6832，8814，8819，9434，10551）。该民族世系的源头之一来自一个迦南妇人，另外两个则是来自与儿媳的乱伦 （1167，4818，4820，4874，4899，4913）。这些历史代表着他们与教会内在真理相合的性质，就像与迦南妇人的苟合及与儿媳的乱伦 （4868，4874，4899，4911，4913）. 下面几节介绍了犹太人在来世的情况 （939，940，5057）。
尽管有这样的品性，这个民族仍代表教会。还由于圣言是按照他们的故事，在他们当中写成。因此他们名字，如“流便”、“西面”、“利未”、“犹大”、“以法莲”和“约瑟夫”等等，都具有神圣的属天含义。那个“犹大”在内层含义上表示主的属天之爱和祂的属天国度 （3654，3881，5583，5603，5782，6363）。 在《创世记》49章8-12节中，以色列关于犹大，实际上是有关主的预言，解释在这里 （6362-6381）。“犹大支派”和“犹太”表示属天教会 （3654，6364）。十二支派在总体上代表属于爱与信的一切事物 （3858，3926，4060，6335）。因此也表示天堂与教会 （6337，6637，7836，7891）。这些意义和他们被命名的顺序有关 （3862，3926，3939，4603，seq.，6337，6640）。十二支派分为两个王国，从而犹太代表属天国度，以色列代表属灵国度 （8770，9320）。“亚伯拉罕的”、“以撒的”和“雅各的”后裔代表教会的良善和真理 （3373，10445）。
248. The Jewish church and Jews. 1The statutes, judgments, and laws that were commanded in the Jewish church were somewhat like those of the ancient church: 4449, 4834. How the symbolic rites of the Jewish church differed from the symbolic rites of the ancient church: 4288, 10149. A symbolic church was established for the people of that nation, but there was no real church among them: 4899, 4912, 6304. So they had something that symbolized a church but not an actual church: 4281, 4288, 4311, 4500, 6304, 7048, 9320, 10396, 10526, 10531, 10698. Because of the stubborn insistence of their ancestors and Moses, the Israelite and Jewish people were accepted as a church, not because they actually were a chosen people but rather so that they would symbolize a church: 4290, 4293, 7051, 7439, 10430, 10535, 10632. Their worship was solely external, without any inner worship: 1200, 3147, 3479, 8871. They knew absolutely nothing about inner worship and did not want to know: 301, 302, 303, 3479, 4429, 4433, 4680, 4844, 4847, 10396, 10401, 10407, 10694, 10701, 10707. What they thought of the inner aspects of worship, the church, and the Word: 4865. Their inner natures were foul, full of their love for themselves and the world and of avarice: 3480, 9962, 10454-10457, 10462-10466, 10575. Therefore the inner teachings of the church were not disclosed to them, because otherwise they would have defiled them: 2520, 3398, 3480, 4289. The Word was completely closed to them: 3769. They saw the Word from the outside and not from the inside (10549, 10550, 10551), so their inner self was closed when they were engaged in worship (8788, 8806, 9320, 9377, 9380, 9962, 10396, 10401, 10407, 10492, 10498, 10500, 10575, 10629, 10692). All the same, this people was more capable than any other of being outwardly holy despite the fact that their inner self was closed: 4293, 4311, 4903, 9373, 9377, 9380. Their state at such times: 4311. That is also why they have been preserved to this day: 3479. Their holy outward behavior was miraculously raised up and exhibited to heaven by the Lord, and as a result deeper levels of worship, the church, and the Word were perceived there: 3480, 4307, 4311, 6304, 8588, 10499, 10500, 10602. So that this could happen, they were driven by external pressures to a strict observance of their rituals in outward form: 3147, 4281, 8006. Because they could be outwardly holy without inner holiness, they were able to represent what is truly holy in the church and heaven: 3479, 3881, 4208, 6304, 8588, 9377, 10430, 10500, 10570. Nevertheless, they were not interested in what is truly holy: 3479. It does not matter what a person who symbolizes something is like, because symbolism focuses on the issue and not on the person: 665, 1097, 1361, 3147, 3881, 4208, 4281, 4288, 4292, 4500, 6304, 7048, 7439, 8588, 8788, 8806.
[2] Those people were worse than other peoples; a description of what they were like, including material from the Word of both Testaments: 4314, 4316, 4317, 4444, 4503, 4750, 4751, 4815, 4820, 4832, 5057, 5998, 7248, 8819, 9320, 10454-10457, 10462-10466. The tribe of Judah strayed more than the other tribes: 4815. How they took pleasure in cruelly treating other peoples: 5057, 7248, 9320. That people was idolatrous at heart and worshiped other gods more than other peoples did: 3732, 4208, 4281, 4825, 5998, 6877, 7401, 8301, 8871, 8882. Even their worship, seen in the context of that people, was idolatrous, since it was superficial, with no inner substance: 4281, 4825, 8871, 8882. They worshiped Jehovah in name only (6877, 10559, 10560, 10561, 10566), and only because of the miracles he did (4299). It is incorrect to think that the Jews are going to be converted at the end of the church 2and brought back into the land of Canaan: 4847, 7051, 8301. A copious selection of passages from the Word on this subject-passages that are, however, to be understood in their inner meaning and therefore not taken literally: 7051. The Word was changed in its outer meaning because of that people, but not in its inner meaning: 10453, 10461, 10603, 10604. The way Jehovah appeared to them on Mount Sinai was shaped by their own nature, so he appeared in devouring fire, thick cloud, and smoke like that of a furnace: 1861, 6832, 8814, 8819, 9434. The way the Lord appears to each of us depends on what we ourselves are really like-as a life-giving and creative fire if we are devoted to doing good, but as a devouring fire if we are bent on doing evil: 934, 1861, 6832, 8814, 8819, 9434, 10551. One lineage of that people was of Canaanite ancestry and two others were the result of fornication with a daughter-in-law: 1167, 4818, 4820, 4874, 4899, 4913. Those stories represent the nature of their relationship with the inner truth of the church, namely, that it was like that of union with a Canaanite or fornication with a daughter-in-law: 4868, 4874, 4899, 4913. Their state in the other life: 939, 940, 5057.
[3] Because despite all this that people symbolized the church, and because the Word was composed among and about them, their names-for example, Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Ephraim, Joseph, and the rest-have divine and heavenly meanings. In its inner meaning, "Judah" means the Lord in respect to his heavenly love and his heavenly kingdom: 3654, 3881, 5583, 5603, 5782, 6363. An explanation of Israel's prophecy concerning Judah in Genesis 49:8-12, which is about the Lord: 6362-6381. Both the tribe of Judah and Judea mean the heavenly church: 3654, 6364. The twelve tribes represented and meant all the aspects of love and faith taken together (3858, 3926, 4060, 6335), and therefore heaven and the church as well (6337, 6637, 7836, 7891). Their meanings depend on the order in which they are named: 3862, 3926, 3939, 4603 and following, 6337, 6640. The twelve tribes were divided into two kingdoms so that the Judeans could represent the heavenly kingdom and the Israelites could represent the spiritual kingdom: 3654, 8770. The seed of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob means the goodness and truth that belong to the church: 3373, 10445.
Footnotes:
1. On problematic material in Swedenborg's works, including his attitude toward Jews, see the discussion in the translator's preface, pages 19-21. [Editors]
2. From early Christian times it has been believed that all Jews will convert to Christianity before the Last Judgment. Augustine refers to this belief as "a very frequent topic in the conversation of the faithful and a very familiar thought in their hearts" ( City of God 20:29 [= Augustine 1952, 557]). The notion is based at least in part onRomans 11:26-27, in which Paul says, "All Israel will be saved," and goes on to quote Isaiah 59:20-21 (from the Septuagint version) and Jeremiah 31:33 (with reference also perhaps to Isaiah 27:9) to the effect that a Deliverer out of Zion will turn away the ungodliness of the descendants of Jacob and thus fulfill God's covenant with them. Malachi 4:5-6 is sometimes also cited in support. This prophecy has been discussed and even promoted by many major Christian theologians over the centuries, and it remains a topic of discussion in Christian circles. [SS]
248. Not translated.
248. The Jewish church and the Jews. The statutes, judgments and laws, which were commanded in the Jewish Church, were in part like those which existed in the Ancient Church, Arcana Coelestia 4449, 4835. In what respect the representative rites of the Jewish Church differed from those of the Ancient Church, Arcana Coelestia 4288, 10149. A representative Church was instituted among that nation, but in the nation itself there was no Church, Arcana Coelestia 4899, 4912, 6304. Therefore, as to that nation itself, it was the representative of a Church, but not a Church, Arcana Coelestia 4281, 4288, 4311, 4500, 6304, 7048, 9320, 10396, 10526, 10531, 10698. The Israelitish and Jewish nation was not chosen, but was accepted to represent the Church, on account of the stubbornness with which their fathers and Moses insisted upon it, Arcana Coelestia 4290, 4293, 7051, 7439, 10430, 10535, 10632. Their worship was merely external, apart from any internal worship, Arcana Coelestia 1200, 3147, 3479, 8871. They were entirely unacquainted with the internals of worship, and were not willing to know them, Arcana Coelestia 301, 302, 303, 3479, 4429, 4433, 4680, 4844, 4847, 10396, 10401, 10407, 10694, 10701, 10707. How they consider the internals of Worship, of the Church, and of the Word, Arcana Coelestia 4865. Their interiors were filthy, full of the loves of self and the world, and of avarice, Arcana Coelestia 3480, 9962, 10454-10457, 10462-10466, 10575. On this account the internals of the Church were not discovered to them, because they would have profaned them, Arcana Coelestia 2520, 3398, 3480, 4289. The Word was altogether closed to them, Arcana Coelestia 3769. They see the Word from without and not from within, Arcana Coelestia 10549, 10550, 10551. Wherefore, their Internal, when in worship, was closed, Arcana Coelestia 8788, 8806, 9320, 9377, 9380, 9962, 10396, 10401, 10407, 10492, 10498, 10500, 10575, 10629, 10692. That nation, also, more than others, was of such a character that they could be in external sanctity while the Internal was closed, Arcana Coelestia 4293, 4311, 4903, 9373, 9377, 9380. Their state at that time, Arcana Coelestia 4311. On this account also they have been preserved to the present day, Arcana Coelestia 3479. Their external sanctity was miraculously raised by the Lord into heaven, and the interior things of Worship, of the Church, and of the Word were thus perceived, Arcana Coelestia 3480, 4307, 4311, 6304, 8588, 10492, 10500, 10602. In order that this might be effected, they were compelled by external means to observe strictly their rites in their external form, Arcana Coelestia 3147 Arcana Coelestia 3147[1-10], 4281, 10149. Since they were able to be in external sanctity, apart from any internal, they could represent the holy things of the Church and of heaven, Arcana Coelestia 3479, 3881, 4208, 6603, 8588, 9377, 10430, 10500, 10570. Still those holy things did not affect them, Arcana Coelestia 3479. It does not matter what is the quality of the person who represents, because the representation has respect to the thing, and not to the person, Arcana Coelestia 665, 1097, 1361, 3147, 3881, 4208, 4281, 4288, 4292, 4307, 4444, 4500, 6304, 7048, 7439, 8588, 8788, 8806.
That nation was worse than other nations; its quality is also described from the Word of both Testaments, Arcana Coelestia 4314, 4316, 4317, 4444, 4503, 4750, 4751, 4815, 4820, 4832, 5057, 5998, 7248, 8819, 9320, 10454-10457, 10462-10466. The tribe of Judah turned aside into a worse state than the other tribes, Arcana Coelestia 4815. How cruelly they treated the Gentiles, from a feeling of delight, Arcana Coelestia 5057, 7248, 9320. That nation was idolatrous at heart, and more than other nations worshipped other gods, Arcana Coelestia 3732, 4208, 4444, 4825, 5998, 6877, 7401, 8301, 8871, 8882. Even their worship, when considered as it was in that nation itself, was idolatrous, because it was external apart from any Internal, Arcana Coelestia 4281, 4825, 8871, 8882. They worshipped Jehovah only in name, Arcana Coelestia 6877, 10559, 10560, 10561, 10566; and solely on account of miracles, Arcana Coelestia 4299. Those are mistaken who believe that, at the end of the Church, the Jews will be converted, and taken back into the land of Canaan, Arcana Coelestia 4847, 7051, 8301. Many passages are adduced on this subject from the Word, which, however, are to be understood according to the internal sense, thus otherwise than according to the letter, Arcana Coelestia 7051. On account of that nation the Word was changed, as to its external sense, but not as to its internal sense, Arcana Coelestia 10453, 10461, 10603, 10604. According to their quality, Jehovah appeared to them on Mount Sinai, in a consuming fire, in a thick cloud, and in smoke as of a furnace, Arcana Coelestia 1861, 6832, 8814, 8819, 9434. The Lord appears to every one according to his quality; as a vivifying and invigorating fire to those who are in good, and as a consuming fire to those who are in evil, Arcana Coelestia 934, 1861, 6832, 8814, 8819, 9434, 10561. One origin of that nation was from a Canaanitish woman, and its two other origins were from whoredom with a daughter-in-law, Arcana Coelestia 1167, 4818, 4820, 4874, 4899, 4913. These origins signified the quality of their conjunction with the Church, namely, that it was like the conjunction with a Canaanitish woman, and like whoredom with a daughter-in-law, Arcana Coelestia 4868, 4874, 4899, 4911, 4913. Their state in the other life, Arcana Coelestia 939, 940, 5057.
Since this nation, although of such a quality, represented the Church; and since the Word was written among them and concerning them; therefore Divine-celestial things were signified by their names, as by Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Ephraim, Joseph, and the rest. Judah, in the internal sense signifies the Lord as to celestial love, and His celestial kingdom, Arcana Coelestia 3654, 3881, 5583, 5603, 5782, 6363. The prophecy of Israel concerning Judah (Genesis 49:8-12), wherein the Lord is treated of, explained, Arcana Coelestia 6363-6381. The tribe of Judah and Judaea signify the celestial Church, Arcana Coelestia 3654, 6364. The twelve tribes represent, and therefore signify, all things of love and faith in the aggregate, Arcana Coelestia 3856, 3926, 4060, 6335; consequently also heaven and the Church, Arcana Coelestia 6337, 6637, 7836, 7891. Their signification is according to the order in which they are named, Arcana Coelestia 3862, 3926, 3939, 4603, et seq., 6337, 6640. The twelve tribes were divided into two Kingdoms, in order that the Jews might represent the celestial Kingdom, and the Israelites the spiritual Kingdom, Arcana Coelestia 8770, 9320. The seed of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, signifies the goods and truths of the Church, Arcana Coelestia 3373, 10445.
248. Of the Jewish Church and of the Jews.
The statutes, judgments, and laws, which were commanded in the Jewish Church, were in part like those in the Ancient Church (n. 4449, 4835). In what respect the representative rites of the Jewish Church differed from those of the Ancient Church (n. 4288, 10149). A representative church was instituted with that nation, but there was no church in that nation itself (n. 4899, 4912, 6304). Therefore as to that nation itself, it was the representative of a church, but not a church (n. 4281, 4288, 4311, 4500, 6304, 7048, 9320, 10396, 10526, 10535, 10698). The Israelitish and Jewish nation was not elected, but only received, in order that it might represent a church, on account of the obstinacy with which their fathers and Moses insisted (n. 4290, 4293, 7051, 7439, 10430, 10535, 10632). Their worship was merely external, without any internal worship (n. 1200, 3147, 3479, 8871). They were entirely unacquainted with the internals of worship, and were not willing to know them (n. 301-303, 3479, 4 4429, 4433, 4680, 4844, 4847, 10396, 10 10401, 10407, 10694, 10701, 10707). In what manner they consider the internals of worship, of the church, and the Word (n. 4865). Their interiors were filthy, full of the loves of self and of the world, and of avarice (n. 3480, 9962, 10454-10457, 10462-10466, 10575). On this account the internals of the church were not disclosed to them, because they would have profaned them (n. 2520, 3398, 3480, 4289). The Word is wholly shut to them (n. 3769). They see the Word from without and not from within (n. 10549-10551). Therefore their internal, when in worship, was shut (n. 8788, 8806, 9320, 9377, 9380, 9962, 10396, 10 10401, 10407, 10492, 10498, 10500, 10575, 10629, 10694). That nation was of such a quality, that they could be in a holy external, when the internal was shut, more than others (n. 4293, 4311, 4903, 9373, 9377, 9380). Their state at that time (n. 4311). They are therefore preserved to this day (n. 3479). Their holy external was miraculously elevated by the Lord into heaven, and the interior things of worship, of the church, and the Word perceived there (n. 3480, 4307, 4311, 6304, 8588, 10492, 10500, 10602). For this purpose they were forced by external means strictly to observe their rites in their external form (n. 3147, 4281,10149). Because they could be in a holy external without an internal, they could represent the holy things of the church and heaven (n. 3479, 3881, 4208, 6306, 8588, 9377, 10430, 10500, 10570). Still those holy things did not affect them (n. 3479). The quality of the person who represents is of no importance, because the representation regards the thing represented, and not the person (n. 665, 1097, 1361, 3147, 3881, 4208, 4281, 4288, 4292, 4307, 4444, 4500, 6304, 7048, 7439, 8588, 8788, 8806).
That nation was worse than other nations, their quality also described from the Word of both Testaments (n. 4314, 4316, 4317, 4444, 4503, 4750, 4751, 4815, 4820, 4832, 5057, 5998, 7248, 8819, 9320, 10454-10547, 10462-10466). The tribe of Judah departed into worse things than the other tribes (n. 4815). How cruelly they treated the Gentiles, from delight (n. 5057, 7248, 9320). That nation was idolatrous in heart; and more than other nations worshiped other gods (n. 3732, 4208, 4444, 4825, 5998, 6877, 7401, 8301, 8871, 8882). Even their worship was idolatrous when considered as to that nation itself, because it was external without internal (n. 4281, 4825, 8871, 8882). They worshiped Jehovah only in name (n. 6877, 10559-10561, 10566). And only on account of miracles (n. 4299). They who believe that the Jews will be converted at the end of the church, and brought again into the land of Canaan, think erroneously (n. 4847, 7051, 8301). Many passages adduced from the Word concerning this matter, but which are to be understood according to the internal sense, and differently from the sense of the letter (n. 7051). The Word was changed on account of that nation, as to its external sense, but not as to its internal sense (n. 10453, 10461, 10603, 10604). Jehovah appeared to them on Mount Sinai, according to their quality, in a consuming fire, a thick cloud, and smoke as of a furnace (n. 1861, 6832, 8814, 8819, 9434). The Lord appears to everyone according to his quality, as a vivifying and recreating fire to those who are in good, and as a consuming fire to those who are in evil (n. 934, 1861, 6832, 8814, 8819, 9434, 10551). One origin of that nation was from a Canaanitess and the two others from whoredom with a daughter-in-law (n. 1167, 4818, 4820, 4874, 4899, 4913). These origins signify the nature of their conjunction with the church, as being like conjunction with the Canaanitess, and whoredom with a daughter-in-law (n. 4868, 4874, 4899, 4911, 4913). Of the state of the Jews in the other life (n. 93 9, 940, 5057).
Since this nation, although of such a quality, represented the church; and since the Word was written among them and concerning them; therefore Divine celestial things were signified by their names, as by "Reuben," "Simeon," "Levi," "Judah," "Ephraim," "Joseph," and the rest. That "Judah," in the internal sense, signifies the Lord as to celestial love, and His celestial kingdom (n. 3654, 3881, 5583, 5603, 5782, 6363). The prophecy of Israel concerning Judah, in which the Lord is treated of, explained, Gen. 49:8-12 (n. 6362-6381). "The tribe of Judah" and "Judea" signify the celestial church (n. 3654, 6364). The twelve tribes represented, and thence signified all things of love and faith in the complex (n. 3858, 3926, 4060, 6335); thus also heaven and the church (n. 6337, 6637, 7836, 7891). They signify according to the order in which they are named (n. 3862, 3926, 3939, 4603, seq., 6337, 6640). The twelve tribes were divided into two kingdoms, in order that the Jews might represent the celestial kingdom, and the Israelites the spiritual kingdom (n. 8770, 9320). "The seed of Abraham," of "Isaac," and of "Jacob," signifies the goods and truths of the church (n. 3373, 10445).
248. De Ecclesia Judaica, et de Judaeis.
Quod statuta, judicia et leges, quae mandata sunt in Ecclesia Judaica, fuerint quoad partem similia illis quae fuerunt in Ecclesia Antiqua (Arcana Coelestia 4449, 4834 [4835?]).
Ritus repraesentativi Ecclesiae Judaicae qualiter differebant a ritibus repraesentativis Ecclesiae Antiquae (Arcana Coelestia 4288, 10149).
Quod ecclesia repraesentativa apud illam gentem instituta fuerit, sed quod in ipsa gente nulla ecclesia fuerit (Arcana Coelestia 4899, 4912, 6304).
Quod ideo quoad ipsam gentem fuerit repraesentativum ecclesiae, et non ecclesia (Arcana Coelestia 4281, 4288, 4311, 4500, 6304, 7048, 9320, 10396, 10526, 10531 [10535?], 10698).
Quod gens Israelitica et Judaica non electa fuerit, sed recepta ut ecclesiam repraesentaret, ob contumaciam qua patres eorum et Moses institerunt (Arcana Coelestia 4290, 4293, 7051, 7439, 10430, 10535, 10632).
Quod cultus eorum mere externus fuerit, absque omni cultu interno (Arcana Coelestia 1200, 3147, 3479, 8871).
Quod prorsus non sciverint interna cultus, nec scire voluerint (Arcana Coelestia 301-303, 3479, 4429, 4433, 4680, 4844, 4897 [4847?] 10396, 10401, 10407, 10694, 10701, 10707).
Quomodo considerant interna cultus, ecclesiae et Verbi (Arcana Coelestia 4865).
Quod interiora eorum fuerint foeda, amoribus sui et mundi et avaritia plena (Arcana Coelestia 3480, 9962, 10454-10457, 10462-10466, 10575).
Quod ideo illis non detecta fuerint interna ecclesiae, quoniam illa profanavissent (Arcana Coelestia 2520, 3398, 3480, 4289).
Quod Verbum illis prorsus occlusum sit (Arcana Coelestia 3769).
Quod videant Verbum ab extra et non ab intra (Arcana Coelestia 10549-10551).
Quod ideo internum eorum, quando in cultu, occlusum fuerit (Arcana Coelestia 8788, 8806, 9320, 9380, 9377, 9962, 10390 [10396] 10401, 10407, 10492, 10498, 10500, 10575, 10629, 10692 [10694?]).
Quod etiam gens illa prae aliis talis fuerit, ut potuisset esse in sancto externo, occluso interno (Arcana Coelestia 4293, 4311, 4903, 9373, 9377, 9381, [9380?],).
Status eorum tunc (Arcana Coelestia 4311).
Quod quoque ideo usque ad hunc diem conservati sint (Arcana Coelestia 3479).
Quod sanctum externum eorum a Domino miraculose elevatum sit in caelum, et sic interiora cultus, ecclesiae, et Verbi ibi percepta (Arcana Coelestia 3480, 4309 (4307) 4311, 6304, 8588, 10492, 10500, 10602).
Quod hoc ut fieret, per media externa coacti sint stricte observare ritus in externa forma (Arcana Coelestia 3147, 4281, 10149).
Quia in sancto externo absque interno potuerunt esse, quod sancta ecclesiae et caeli repraesentare potuerint (Arcana Coelestia 3479, 3881, 4208, 6306, 6588 [8588?] 9377, 10430, 10500, 10570).
Quod usque sancta illos non affecerint (Arcana Coelestia 3479).
Quia nihil refert qualis persona est quae repraesentat, quoniam repraesentatio spectat rem, non autem personam (Arcana Coelestia 665, 1097, 1361, 3147, 3881, 4208, 4281, 4288, 4292, 4307, 4444, 4500, 6304, 7048, 7539, 8388, 8788, 8806 [8588]).
Quod gens illa pejor aliis gentibus fuerit; describitur qualis, etiam ex Verbo utriusque Testamenti (Arcana Coelestia 4314, 4316, 4317, 4444, 4503, 4750, 4751, 4815, 4820, 4832, 5057, 5998, 7248, 8819, 9320, 10454-10457, 10462-10466).
Quod tribus Jehudae abiverit in pejus quam reliquae tribus (Arcana Coelestia 4815).
Quam crudeliter tractaverunt gentes ex jucundo (Arcana Coelestia 5057, 7248, 9320).
Quod gens illa corde idololatra fuerit, ac prae aliis coluerit alios deos (Arcana Coelestia 3732, 4208, 4444, 4825, 5998, 6877, 7401, 8301, 8871, 8882).
Quod etiam cultus eorum in ipsa gente spectatus fuerit idololatricus, quia externus absque interno (Arcana Coelestia 4281, 4825, 8871, 8882).
Quod Jehovam modo quoad nomen coluerit (Arcana Coelestia 6877, 10559, 10560, 10561, 10566).
Et solum propter miracula (Arcana Coelestia 4299).
Quod erronee cogitent, qui credunt quod Judaei in fine ecclesiae convertendi sint, et reducendi in Terram Canaanem (Arcana Coelestia 4847, 7051, 8301).
Plura loca e Verbo de illa re allata, quae tamen intelligenda sunt secundum sensum internum, ita aliter quam secundum litteram (Arcana Coelestia 7051).
Quod Verbum quoad sensum externum propter illam gentem immutatum fuerit, non tamen quoad sensum internum (Arcana Coelestia 10453, 10461, 10603, 10604).
Quod Jehovah in Monte Sinai apparuerit eis secundum quale eorum, in igne consumente, densa nube, et fumo sicut fornacis (Arcana Coelestia 1861, 6832, 8814, 8819, 9434).
Quod Dominus appareat unicuivis secundum ejus quale; ut ignis vivificans et recreans illis qui in bono, ac ut ignis consumens illis qui in malo (Arcana Coelestia 934, 1861, 6832, 8814, 8819, 9434, 10551).
Quod una ejus gentis origo sit ex Canaanitide, et quod binae reliquae ex scortatione cum nuru (Arcana Coelestia 1167, 4817, [4818?], 4820, 4874, 4891, [4899?], 4913).
Quod per illas origines significatum sit qualis conjunctio illorum cum ecclesia esset, quod nempe sicut cum Canaanitide, et cum scortatione cum nuru (Arcana Coelestia 4868, 4874, 4899, 4911, 4913).
De statu eorum in altera vita (Arcana Coelestia 939, 940, 5057).
Quoniam gens illa, tametsi talis, repraesentabat ecclesiam, et quia Verbum apud illam et de illa conscriptum est, ideo Divina caelestia per nomina eorum significata sunt, ut per "Reubenem," "Schimeonem," "Levi," "Jehudam," "Ephraimum," "Josephum," et reliquos. Quod per "Jehudam" in sensu interno significetur Dominus quoad amorem caelestem ac regnum caeleste Ipsius (Arcana Coelestia 3654, 3881, 5583, 5603, 5782, 6363).
Explicatur propheticum Israelis de Jehudah, in quo agitur de Domino, Genesis 49:8-12 (Arcana Coelestia 6362-6382 [6381]).
Quod "tribus Jehudae" et "Judaea" significet ecclesiam caelestem (Arcana Coelestia 3654, 6364).
Quod duodecim tribus repraesentaverint et inde significaverint omnia amoris et fidei in complexu (Arcana Coelestia 3858, 3926, 4060, 6335); ita quoque caelum et ecclesiam (Arcana Coelestia 6337, 6637, 7836, 7891).
Quod significent secundum ordinem quo nominantur (Arcana Coelestia 3862, 3926, 3939, 4603, 6337, 6640).
Quod duodecim tribus divisae fuerint in duo regna, ut Judaei repraesentarent regnum caeleste, ac Israelitae regnum spirituale (Arcana Coelestia 8770, 9320).
Quod per "semen Abrahami," "Isaci," et "Jacobi," significentur bona et vera ecclesiae (Arcana Coelestia 3773 (3373) 10445).